Abstract: Provided is a preparation method for a thermoelectric composite. The preparation method for a thermoelectric composite comprises the steps of: preparing a base substrate containing a first binary metal oxide; and providing a metal precursor and a reaction material containing oxygen (O) onto the base substrate to form a material film containing a second biliary metal oxide resulting from the reaction of the metal precursor and the reaction material, wherein in the step of forming the material film, a 2-dimensional electron gas is generated between the base substrate and the material film as the material film is formed on the base substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed are a catalyst for oxidative coupling reaction of methane, a method for preparing the same, and a method for oxidative coupling reaction of methane using the same. The catalyst includes a mixed metal oxide, which is a mixed oxide of metals including sodium (Na), tungsten (W), manganese (Mn), barium (Ba) and titanium (Ti). It is possible to obtain paraffins, such as ethane and propane, and olefins, such as ethylene and propylene, with high efficiency through the method for oxidative coupling reaction of methane using the catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention related to a method for federated learning method interworking with a mobile core system, the method comprising: querying terminal information of each individual terminal among a plurality of terminals; querying network performance information; selecting participating terminals among the plurality of terminals on the basis of the terminal information and the network performance information; transmitting respective parameters to the participating terminals and requesting local learning; and integrating the parameters.

Abstract: A method of controlling a pressure variable weather strip for varying a pressure of a sealing part of the weather strip is provided. The method includes a closing checking step of, by a controller, checking whether an opening/closing part of a vehicle is in a closed state. When a vehicle speed reaches a preset target vehicle speed to increase the pressure of the sealing part in a state in which the opening/closing part is closed, the controller operates an air supply device to supply air to the sealing part.

Abstract: In one aspect, a variable pressure weatherstrip assembly according to the present disclosure includes: a weatherstrip including a sealing portion having a closed cross-section therein and configured to seal a portion between a vehicle body and an opening/closing part of a vehicle, and a fixing portion integrated with the sealing portion and fixed to a panel of the vehicle; an air supply device configured to supply pressurized air to the sealing portion; an air line configured to allow the air supply device and the sealing portion to communicate with each other; and one or more control valves installed in the air line, disposed between the sealing portion and the air supply device, and configured to control the air to be supplied to the sealing portion from the air supply device.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials, an organic electroluminescent compound, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising a specific combination of compounds according to the present disclosure as a plurality of host materials, or by comprising the compound according to the present disclosure, it is possible to produce an organic electroluminescent device having improved driving voltage, luminous efficiency and/or lifetime properties, compared to the conventional organic electroluminescent device.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical or food composition including alverine, 4-hydroxy alverine, a derivative thereof, or a salt thereof and their uses are disclosed. The composition is useful for preventing, alleviating, or treating muscular weakness-related diseases. When myoblasts are treated with the alverine, 4-hydroxy alverine, derivative thereof, or salt thereof, differentiation into myotubes is promoted. Therefore, the alverine, 4-hydroxy alverine, derivative thereof, or salt thereof can be effectively used in the promotion of differentiation of myoblasts and the prevention, alleviation, or treatment of muscular weakness-related diseases.

Abstract: The inventive concept provides a substrate treating apparatus. The substrate treating apparatus includes a support unit configured to support and rotate a substrate at a treating space; a liquid supply unit configured to supply a liquid to the substrate supported at the support unit; a housing having an installation space; a laser unit configured to include a laser irradiation unit positioned in the installation space which irradiates a laser light, and an irradiation end having an end positioned to protrude from the housing and which irradiates the laser light irradiated from the laser irradiation unit to a substrate supported on the support unit; and a cover having an inner space and positioned so an end of the irradiation end protruding from the housing is positioned in the inner space, and wherein an opening is formed at a bottom end of the cover to overlap the laser light irradiated from the irradiation end when seen from above.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials comprising at least one first host compound and at least one second host compound, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising a specific combination of compounds according to the present disclosure as a plurality of host materials, it is possible to provide an organic electroluminescent device having improved driving voltage, luminous efficiency, and/or lifetime properties.

Abstract: A method includes measuring a linearity of a first pull-up circuit, a second pull-up circuit, a third pull-up circuit, a first pull-down circuit, a second pull-down circuit and a third pull-down circuit using an initial pull-up code and an initial pull-down code, each of the first pull-up circuit, the second pull-up circuit and the third pull-up circuit having a respective resistance value determined based on a respective pull-up code, and each of the first pull-down circuit, the second pull-down circuit and the third pull-down circuit having a respective resistance value determined based on a respective pull-down code, and determining a calibration setting indicator based on the measurement result, the calibration setting indicator indicating a calibration method of a transmission driver including the first pull-up circuit, the second pull-up circuit, the third pull-up circuit, the first pull-down circuit, the second pull-down circuit and the third pull-down circuit.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing unit cells includes reels, rollers, conveyors, headers, and a cutter. A lower separator sheet is unwound from a lower separator reel. A feeding roller moves the lower separator sheet in a first direction. A conveyor moves a first electrode in a second direction parallel to the first direction. A first header conveys that electrode from the conveyor and onto the lower separator sheet. An upper separator sheet is unwound from an upper separator reel. Another feeding roller moves, in the first direction, a first ordered stack of the lower separator sheet, first electrode, and upper separator sheet. Another conveyor moves a second electrode in the second direction. Another header conveys that electrode from the second conveyor and onto the upper separator sheet. The cutter cuts, at preset intervals, a second ordered stack of the lower separator sheet, first electrode, upper separator sheet, and second electrode.

Abstract: A ceramic electronic component includes a body, including a dielectric layer and an internal electrode, and an external electrode disposed on the body and connected to the internal electrode. At least a region of the dielectric layer includes tin (Sn) and a lanthanide rare earth element (RE) including dysprosium (Dy). In the at least a region of the dielectric layer, a molar ratio of tin (Sn) to dysprosium (Dy) is from 0.15 to 0.30.

Abstract: A ceramic electronic component includes: a body including an active portion, including a first dielectric layer and an internal electrode, and a margin portion disposed a side surface of the active portion and including a second dielectric layer; and an external electrode disposed on the body and connected to the internal electrode. The first and second dielectric layers have different dielectric compositions. The first dielectric layer includes tin (Sn) and dysprosium (Dy). The second dielectric layer includes magnesium (Mg).

Abstract: A multilayer capacitor includes a body including a laminate structure in which at least one first internal electrode and at least one second internal electrode are alternately stacked in a first direction with at least one dielectric layer therebetween, and first and second external electrodes spaced apart on the body, to be connected to at least one first internal electrode and at least one second internal electrode, respectively. The body includes, in a larger molar content, at least one selected from the group consisting of Dy, Tb, Y, Sm, Ho, Gd, Er, Ce, La and Nd in a capacitance formation region including a region between at least one first internal electrode and at least one second internal electrode than in a margin region including a region between a boundary line of at least one first internal electrode and at least one second internal electrode and a surface of the body.

Abstract: A dielectric composition includes a BaTiO3-based component as a main component, a donor component including a first element and a second element each having a shorter ionic radius and greater atomic weight than Ba, and an acceptor component including at least one of Mg, Al, Mn and V. An ionic radius of the second element is greater than an ionic radius of the first element, a molar content of the second element is less than a molar content of the first element, and a molar content of the acceptor component is greater than a molar content of the donor component.

Abstract: A ferroelectric memory device includes interlayer insulating layers and gate lines alternately stacked, a data storage layer vertically passing through the interlayer insulating layers and the gate lines and having a cylindrical shape, and a channel layer formed in an area enclosed by the data storage layer. The data storage layer includes a first ferroelectric layer abutting on the channel layer, a second ferroelectric layer abutting on the interlayer insulating layers and the gate lines, and an interface layer formed between the first and the second ferroelectric layers.

Abstract: An on-chip transformer circuit is disclosed. The on-chip transformer circuit comprises a primary winding circuit comprising at least one turn of a primary conductive winding arranged as a first N-sided polygon in a first dielectric layer of a substrate; and a secondary winding circuit comprising at least one turn of a secondary conductive winding arranged as a second N-sided polygon in a second, different, dielectric layer of the substrate. In some embodiments, the primary winding circuit and the secondary winding circuit are arranged to overlap one another at predetermined locations along the primary conductive winding and the secondary conductive winding, wherein the predetermined locations comprise a number of locations less than all locations along the primary conductive winding and the secondary conductive winding.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a GaN power device having a structure improved to have an improved current density. The GaN power device includes a GaN layer, a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the GaN layer in a way to have a separation area therebetween, an AlGaN layer formed on the GaN layer of the separation area, a gate electrode formed over the AlGaN layer in a way to be separated from the first electrode and the second electrode, and a 2DEG layer formed at an interface of the AlGaN layer and the GaN layer in an area between the gate electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a stacked structure including conductive layers and gaps respectively interposed between the conductive layers, a channel layer passing through the stacked structure, a ferroelectric layer surrounding a sidewall of the channel layer, and first dielectric patterns interposed between the ferroelectric layer and the conductive layers, respectively. The gaps extending between the first dielectric patterns.

Abstract: A level shifter includes a converter configured to generate a first driving signal and a second driving signal; a current sensing circuit configured to detect a current corresponding to a voltage change of second power, and generate a freezing signal according to the current; a freezing circuit configured to control an operation of the converter according to the freezing signal.