Abstract: A memory device includes a memory cell array connected to a first word line and a second word line; an address decoder configured to select the first word line or the second word line; and a word line bridge detector configured to detect whether a word line bridge exists between the first and second word lines. The word line bridge detector precharges the first word line by connecting it to a detection node during a word line precharge operation, changes a selected word line from the first word line to the second word line. And the word line bridge detector connects the second word line to the detection node during a word line develope operation, and detects whether a word line bridge exists between the first and second word lines by detecting a change in the voltage level of the detection node.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an extracellular matrix-based bioadhesive as an adhesive in the form of a composition including an extracellular matrix-containing hydrogel and a gelatin curing agent, wherein the extracellular matrix-containing hydrogel is gelatinized. Since the extracellular matrix-based bioadhesive according to an embodiment of the present disclosure has the same or similar rheological properties as gelatin, the bioadhesive has flowability at a temperature of 30° C. or higher and may be evenly and easily applied to a lesion site in the body. In addition, the extracellular matrix-based bioadhesive according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may adhere well to the lesion site because of a level of adhesive strength that is about 2 to 6 times higher than that of fibrin glue used as a commercial tissue adhesive.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of manufacturing a carbon support for a fuel cell catalyst, a carbon support for a fuel cell catalyst manufactured according to the method, and a catalyst for a fuel cell including the same. The method may include using various organic materials containing N and various carbon supports and thus provide excellent economic feasibility. In addition, pyridinic N and pyrrolic N of doped N can be adjusted at an optimal content ratio so that the carbon support for a fuel cell catalyst manufactured and the catalyst for a fuel cell including the same have excellent electrochemical resistance and excellent electrochemical characteristic due to an increase in an electrochemically active surface area, and excellent durability due to an increase in thermal durability.

Abstract: Embodiments include methods of powerline communications using a preamble with band extension is provided. A method may include receiving a packet data unit PDU. Bit-level repetition is applied to at least a portion of the PDU to create a repeated portion. Interleaving is performed per a subchannel. Pilot tones are inserted in the interleaved portion. Each data tone is modulated with respect to a nearest one of the inserted pilot tones. The PDU is transmitted over a power line.

Abstract: Methods for building, transmitting, and receiving frame structures in power line communications (PLC) are described. Various techniques described herein provide a preamble design using one or more symbols. One or more preamble symbols may be interspersed within a header portion of a PLC frame to facilitate estimation of a frame boundary and/or sampling frequency offset, for example, in the presence of impulsive noise.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing a bimetal-organic framework including preparing a first mixture by mixing, in a solvent, a first metal precursor including zinc, a coordination compound of organic acid, and a substance including a counterion of the coordination compound; preparing a second mixture by mixing, in the first mixture, a second metal precursor including at least one metal selected from a group of magnesium, manganese, and copper, and irradiating the second mixture with the microwave.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of manufacturing a carbon support for a fuel cell catalyst, a carbon support for a fuel cell catalyst manufactured according to the method, and a catalyst for a fuel cell including the same. The method may include using various organic materials containing N and various carbon supports and thus provide excellent economic feasibility. In addition, pyridinic N and pyrrolic N of doped N can be adjusted at an optimal content ratio so that the carbon support for a fuel cell catalyst manufactured and the catalyst for a fuel cell including the same have excellent electrochemical resistance and excellent electrochemical characteristic due to an increase in an electrochemically active surface area, and excellent durability due to an increase in thermal durability.

Abstract: A lens-shaped porous support for fuel cell catalysts may improve electrochemical performance and increase mass transfer capability when the porous support is used as a carrier to support a fuel cell catalyst.

Abstract: Methods for building, transmitting, and receiving frame structures in power line communications (PLC) are described. Various techniques described herein provide a preamble design using one or more symbols. One or more preamble symbols may be interspersed within a header portion of a PLC frame to facilitate estimation of a frame boundary and/or sampling frequency offset, for example, in the presence of impulsive noise.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell array having cell strings that each includes memory cells stacked on a substrate in a direction perpendicular to the substrate. A row decoder is connected with the memory cells through word lines. The row decoder applies a setting voltage to at least one word line of the word lines and floats the at least one word line during a floating time. A page buffer circuit is connected with the cell strings through bit lines. The page buffer senses voltage changes of the bit lines after the at least one word line is floated during the floating time and outputs a page buffer signal as a sensing result. A counter counts a number of off-cells in response to the page buffer signal. A detecting circuit outputs a detection signal associated with a defect cell based on the number of off-cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sprinkler system, and more specifically, to a sprinkler system which can be assembled without welding. To this end, the sprinkler system according to the present invention comprises: a main pipe through which fluid is supplied from an externa source; a first branch pipe for branching the fluid supplied through the main pipe; a second branch pipe for branching the fluid supplied through the first branch pipe so that said fluid is supplied to a sprinkler; and a detachable first coupler for interconnecting the main pipe, the first branch pipe, and the second branch pipe.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a lateral flow assay method and strip wherein a sample is injected into a sample pad, a preconcentration kit is coupled to the sample pad to preconcentrate analytes, and a conjugate pad or a test pad is connected to the sample pad to transfer the analytes to the conjugate pad or the test pad, whereby a biomarker present at a low concentration can be detected.

Abstract: A network includes a first wireless node that communicates over a wireless network connection. The first wireless node includes a first encryption engine that processes a first initialization data set and a current transmit sequence associated with a current communication to generate a next transmit sequence that is employed to communicate with a second wireless node that derives a next received sequence that corresponds to the next transmit sequence to process a subsequent communication.

Abstract: A communication system and method includes a receiver for receiving a communication signal coupled through a physical medium in accordance with a protocol. An interface formed in a single substrate receives from the receiver an indication of the signal strength of the received communication signal. The interface also decodes the information contained in the received communication signal. For example, the interface sends the information decoded from the received communication signal to a first application for consuming the decoded information. The interface also sends the indication of the signal strength of the received communication signal to a second application for generating a quality determination of the physical medium in response to the indication of the signal strength of the received communication signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coupling assembly for branching a pipe, and more specifically to a coupling assembly for branching a pipe, which can reduce assembly man-hours, has a simplified configuration, thus enabling a reduction in construction costs, and can effectively prevent the leakage of branched fluid even when the diameter of a branch hole formed in an inlet pipe is increased in order to increase a flow rate inside a branch pipe for supplying fluid to a sprinkler.

Abstract: A storage device includes a storage controller that receives a protecting command before a thermal process is performed in the storage device, and that generates a protecting pattern by programming a protecting voltage in a converged region where threshold voltage distributions of memory cells in the storage device converge after the thermal process is performed on the storage device.

Abstract: A PLC network system and method operative with OFDM for generating MIMO frames with suitable preamble portions configured to provide backward compatibility with legacy PLC devices and facilitate different receiver tasks such as frame detection and symbol timing, channel estimation and automatic gain control (AGC), including robust preamble detection in the presence of impulsive noise and frequency-selective channels of the PLC network. A PLC device may include a delayed correlation detector and a cross-correlation detector operating in concert to facilitate preamble detection in one implementation.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a reducer for an electric vehicle, the reducer including an input shaft connected to a motor, a differential disposed coaxially with the input shaft and relatively rotatable, a planetary gear train configured to decelerate power of the input shaft and transmit the power to a differential casing of the differential, and a drive shaft configured to penetrate the input shaft and coupled to one side gear of the differential.

Abstract: A method performed by a computing device for controlling an automated guided vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes obtaining information on a movable area including nodes arranged in a grid pattern, obtaining information on a moving path connecting a source node and a destination node existing in the movable area, wherein the moving path includes a plurality of moving nodes, and reserving at least some of the moving nodes located between a current node and the destination node by using information on the current node occupied by an automated guided vehicle according to movement of the automated guided vehicle.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate including a peripheral active pattern defined by a device isolation layer, a gate structure on the peripheral active pattern, and a gate spacer covering at least a portion of a side surface of the gate structure. The gate structure includes an insulating pattern structure and a metal pattern structure on the insulating pattern structure. The insulating pattern structure includes a recess having a maximum depth in a first direction parallel to a top surface of the substrate at a first height. The insulating pattern structure includes a first gate insulating pattern and a high-k dielectric layer, which are sequentially stacked on the top surface of the substrate. The gate spacer includes a protrusion inserted in the recess.