Abstract: A method and device are presented for use in non-invasive optical measurements of at least one desired characteristic of patient's blood. A condition of artificial blood kinetics is created at a measurement location in a patient's blood perfused fleshy medium and maintained for a certain time period. This condition is altered over a predetermined time interval within said certain time period so as to modulate scattering properties of blood. Optical measurements are applied to the measurement location by illuminating it with incident light beams of at least two different wavelengths in a range where the scattering properties of blood are sensitive to light radiation, detecting light responses of the medium, and generating measured data indicative of time evolutions of the light responses of the medium for said at least two different wavelengths, respectively, over at least a part of said predetermined time interval.

Abstract: A method for optical measurements of desired parameters of the patient's blood is presented. A state of the blood flow cessation is provided within a measurement region and maintained during a predetermined time period. Measurement sessions are performed within this predetermined time period. Each measurement session includes at least two measurements with different wavelengths of incident light. Obtained measured data is representative of the time dependence of light response of the blood in the measurement region. The analyses of the measured data enables the determination of the desired blood parameters extracted from optical characteristics associated with the erythrocytes aggregation process during the state of the blood flow cessation.

Abstract: A method and system for measuring time variations of a response of a blood perfused fleshy medium to an external electromagnetic field is provided. The response of the medium to the external electromagnetic field can be a photo-acoustic signal, obtained in response to the exciting light, and/or impedance of the medium, in response to the applied ac electromagnetic field. Measurements of the time variations of the response of the medium are carried out when the condition of artificial kinetics is created and maintained over a certain time period by applying primary over-systolic pressure to a certain location at the medium with normal blood flow, so as to achieve a state of temporary blood flow cessation at the medium downstream of the certain location. When required, the control of the condition of the artificial kinetics can be further achieved by applying a perturbation of secondary pressure to the fleshy medium.

Abstract: A method and device are presented for use in non-invasive optical measurements of at least one desired characteristic of patient's blood. A condition of artificial blood kinetics is created at a measurement location in a patient's blood perfused fleshy medium and maintained for a certain time period. This condition is altered over a predetermined time interval within said certain time period so as to modulate scattering properties of blood. Optical measurements are applied to the measurement location by illuminating it with incident light beams of at least two different wavelengths in a range where the scattering properties of blood are sensitive to light radiation, detecting light responses of the medium, and generating measured data indicative of time evolutions of the light responses of the medium for said at least two different wavelengths, respectively, over at least a part of said predetermined time interval.

Abstract: An optical measurement device and method are presented for use in non-invasive measurements on a patient's body. The device comprises an illumination assembly configured and operable to generate illuminating light of a predetermined wavelength range; a detection assembly; and a light directing assembly. The detection assembly comprises a first detector unit for detecting a first light signal transmitted through an illuminated body portion and generating first measured data indicative of the detected transmitted light, and a second detector unit for detecting a second light signal reflected from the illuminated body portion and generating second measured data indicative of the detected reflected light. The light directing assembly comprises a light diffuser for scattering back light incident thereto, to thereby direct the illuminating light or the light coming from the body portion back towards the body portion.

Abstract: A probe device for use in non-invasive optical measurements of at least one parameter of the patient's blood. The probe device comprises a finger holder in the form of a clip member that secures a fingertip between its clamping legs. The probe device supports a measuring unit for applying optical measurements to a measurement location on the finger and carries a pressurizing assembly operable for applying controllably variable, substantially under-systolic pressure to the finger in the vicinity of the measurement location. Several measurement sessions are performed at the measurement location with at least two different 3 wavelength of incident light to detect light response of the medium and generate measured data indicative thereof, and the pressure applied to the vicinity of the measurement location is simultaneously varied during measurements. The light response of the medium corresponding to different wavelength of the incident light and different pressure values during measurements.

Abstract: A method and system for measuring time variations of a response of a blood perfused fleshy medium to an external electromagnetic field is provided. The response of the medium to the external electromagnetic field can be a photo-acoustic signal, obtained in response to the exciting light, and/or impedance of the medium, in response to the applied ac electromagnetic field. Measurements of the time variations of the response of the medium are carried out when the condition of artificial kinetics is created and maintained over a certain time period by applying primary over-systolic pressure to a certain location at the medium with normal blood flow, so as to achieve a state of temporary blood flow cessation at the medium downstream of the certain location. When required, the control of the condition of the artificial kinetics can be further achieved by applying a perturbation of secondary pressure to the fleshy medium.

Abstract: A method and device are presented for use in non-invasive optical measurements of at least one desired characteristic of patient's blood. A condition of artificial blood kinetics is created at a measurement location in a patient's blood perfused fleshy medium and maintained for a certain time period. This condition is altered over a predetermined time interval within said certain time period so as to modulate scattering properties of blood. Optical measurements are applied to the measurement location by illuminating it with incident light beams of at least two different wavelengths in a range where the scattering properties of blood are sensitive to light radiation, detecting light responses of the medium, and generating measured data indicative of time evolutions of the light responses of the medium for said at least two different wavelengths, respectively, over at least a part of said predetermined time interval.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for self-monitoring a patient's blood glucose condition to determine a long-term effect of the patient's behavior on his blood glucose level. A sequence of measurements of the blood glucose level is applied during a day, the sequential measurements are repeated during a predetermined time period from several days to several weeks, and measured data are collected. The measured data is analyzed to determine a distribution of the average glucose values within said predetermined time period, thereby providing a feedback for the patient or an authorized person.

Abstract: A method and device for optical measurements are presented for determining the concentration of a substance in patient's blood. Optical measurement sessions are applied to a measurement location in a blood containing medium during certain time period. The optical measurements include illumination of the measurement location with incident light of at least one selected wavelength, detection, at each measurement session, of at least two light responses of the medium characterized by at least two different polarization states of detected light, respectively, and generation of data representative thereof. Measured data so obtained is in the form of at least two time variations of the light responses of the medium characterized by different polarization states of detected light, respectively, a relation between the time variations being indicative of the concentration of the substance in blood.

Abstract: A method for optical measurements of desired parameters of the patient's blood is presented. A state of the blood flow cessation is provided within a measurement region and maintained during a predetermined time period. Measurement sessions are performed within this predetermined time period. Each measurement session includes at least two measurements with different wavelengths of incident light. Obtained measured data is representative of the time dependence of light response of the blood in the measurement region. The analyses of the measured data enables the determination of the desired blood parameters extracted from optical characteristics associated with the erythrocytes aggregation process during the state of the blood flow cessation.

Abstract: A disposable device is presented aimed at enhancing blood-related signals and improving their quality during non-invasive measurements of blood parameters. The device is applicable to a patient's finger or toe, and comprises a cover for wrapping at least a part of the finger or toe including a tip portion thereof in a manner to provide even pressurization of tissue within the wrapped portion with a pressure less than a systolic pressure. This results in enhancement and quality improvement of the measured blood-related signal. The cover is elastic and is shiftable along a longitudinal axis of the finger or toe between an inoperative folded position of the cover and an operative extracted position of the cover, in which it wraps the finger or toe portion including the tip portion and provides said even pressurization of the entire wrapped tissue. At least a portion of the cover is made of a material enabling the non-invasive measurements of the blood-related signal therethrough.

Abstract: A method for optical measurements of desired parameters of the patient's blood is presented. A state of the blood flow cessation is provided within a measurement region and maintained during a predetermined time period. Measurement sessions are performed within this predetermined time period. Each measurement session includes at least two measurements with different wavelengths of incident light. Obtained measured data is representative of the time dependence of light response of the blood in the measurement region. The analyses of the measured data enables the determination of the desired blood parameters extracted from optical characteristics associated with the erythrocytes aggregation process during the state of the blood flow cessation.

Abstract: A method and device for optical measurements are presented for determining the concentration of a substance in patient's blood. Optical measurement sessions are applied to a measurement location in a blood containing medium during certain time period. The optical measurements include illumination of the measurement location with incident light of at least one selected wavelength, detection, at each measurement session, of at least two light responses of the medium characterized by at least two different polarization states of detected light, respectively, and generation of data representative thereof. Measured data so obtained is in the form of at least two time variations of the light responses of the medium characterized by different polarization states of detected light, respectively, a relation between the time variations being indicative of the concentration of the substance in blood.

Abstract: A non-invasive method of optical measurements is presented for determining at least one desired parameter of patient's blood. The method utilizes reference data indicative of the values of the desired blood parameter as a function of at least two measurable parameters. At least one of the measurable parameters is derived from scattering spectral features of the medium highly sensitive to patient individuality, and the at least one other measurable parameter is indicative of artificial kinetics of the optical characteristics of the patient's blood perfused fleshy medium. A condition of artificial kinetics is created at a measurement location, and maintained during a certain time. Measurements are carried out with different wavelengths of incident light during a time period including this certain time. Measured data is in the form of time evolutions of light responses of the medium corresponding to the different wavelengths.

Abstract: A probe device for use in non-invasive optical measurements of at least one parameter of the patient's blood. The probe device comprises a finger holder in the form of a clip member that secures a fingertip between its clamping legs. The probe device supports a measuring unit for applying optical measurements to a measurement location on the finger and carries a pressurizing assembly operable for applying controllably variable, substantially under-systolic pressure to the finger in the vicinity of the measurement location. Several measurement sessions are performed at the measurement location with at least two different 3wavelength of incident light to detect light response of the medium and generate measured data indicative thereof, and the pressure applied to the vicinity of the measurement location is simultaneously varied during measurements. The light response of the medium corresponding to different wavelength of the incident light and different pressure values during measurements.

Abstract: A disposable device is presented aimed at enhancing blood-related signals and improving their quality during non-invasive measurements of blood parameters. The device is applicable to a patient's finger or toe, and comprises a cover for wrapping at least a part of the finger or toe including a tip portion thereof in a manner to provide even pressurization of tissue within the wrapped portion with a pressure less than a systolic pressure. This results in enhancement and quality improvement of the measured blood-related signal. The cover is elastic and is shiftable along a longitudinal axis of the finger or toe between an inoperative folded position of the cover and an operative extracted position of the cover, in which it wraps the finger or toe portion including the tip portion and provides said even pressurization of the entire wrapped tissue. At least a portion of the cover is made of a material enabling the non-invasive measurements of the blood-related signal therethrough.

Abstract: An over-systolic pressure is applied to a patient's blood perfused fleshy medium. The pressure causes a state of temporary blood flow cessation within a time period insufficient for irreversible changes in the fleshy medium. Release of the over systolic pressure causes a state of transitional blood flow terminating with the normal blood flow. At least two sessions of measurement, separated in time, are executed and at least one of these sessions is selected within the time period including the state of temporary blood flow cessation and the state of transitional blood flow. Optical non-invasive measurement of the concentration of at least one blood constituent are successively performed at these at least two sessions, and respective values of the concentration are obtained.

Abstract: An optical measurement device is presented. The device is attachable to the patient's body and adapted for performing non-invasive measurements of blood-related signals. The device comprises a measurement unit for applying optical measurements to a first region on the patient's extreme organ, and an occlusion assembly for applying over-systolic pressure to a second region on the patient's body located upstream of the first location with respect to a normal blood flow direction. A substantially flexible, heating element is provided within the measurement unit, and is accommodated so as to engage at least a part of the first region for heating it to a desired temperature.

Abstract: A finger holder for attaching to the patient's finger and an optical measurement device utilizing the finger holder for performing non-invasive measurements of blood-related signals are presented. The finger holder comprises a measuring unit located at a first location of the finger and a pressurizing assembly capable of applying desired over-systolic pressure to a second location on the patient's finger upstream of the first location with respect to a normal blood flow direction. The measuring unit is supported on a clip member that secures the fingertip between the clip's legs. A substantially rigid connector connects the clip member and the pressurizing assembly, wherein the connector engages the finger along its middle phalanx and proximal intephalangeal joint, thereby preventing it from folding during the measurements.