Abstract: A portable device includes an RFID reader for detecting a tag information of an RFID tag, a memory for storing the tag information detected by the RFID reader, and a controller. When a read command for the RFID tag is input and the tag information is valid, the controller controls the RFID reader to retrieve the tag information of the memory. If the tag information is invalid, the controller controls the RFID reader to re-read the RFID tag. The controller can determine whether the tag information is valid using the time and location. Because unnecessary operation can be omitted to read tags, power consumption is reduced and tag information check time is shortened.

Abstract: In a method of detecting defects in patterns and an apparatus for performing the method, a first image of a detection region on a semiconductor substrate may be acquired. A second image may be acquired from the first image by performing a Fourier transform and performing a low pass filtering. The second image may be compared with a reference image so that the defects of the detection region are detected. Existence of the defect of the second image is determined using a relation value between a grey level of each of pixels of the second image and the reference image, respectively. When a defect exists, the horizontal and the vertical positions of the pixel where the relation value is minimum are combined to determine the position of the defect.

Abstract: A method of driving a light source, which comprises a first light-emitting module including first to k-th light source blocks and disposed at a first edge of a light guide plate, and a second light-emitting module including first to m-th light source blocks and disposed at a second edge of the light guide plate, wherein k and m are natural numbers, includes generating a plurality of duty control signals corresponding to the first to k-th top light source blocks and the first to m-th bottom light source blocks based on an image signal, and selectively generating first to k-th top driving signals and first to m-th bottom driving signals using the plurality of duty control signals based on a three-dimensional image enable signal, where the first to k-th top driving signals drive the first light-emitting module, and the first to m-th bottom driving signals drive the second light-emitting module

Abstract: A backlight assembly includes: a plurality of lamp units; and an inverter which includes a plurality of pattern capacitors, wherein each of the pattern capacitors is electrically connected to a respective one of the plurality of lamp units, wherein each of the pattern capacitors comprises a printed circuit board, and a conductive layer formed on one side of the printed circuit board, and at least one of the plurality of pattern capacitors has a different electric capacity than another of the pattern capacitors.

Abstract: A backlight unit of a liquid crystal display includes a lamp, a balancing pattern capacitor electrically connected to the lamp for current balance, a transformer electrically connected to the lamp via the balancing pattern capacitor, a sensing pattern capacitor electrically connected to a terminal of the balancing pattern capacitor connected to the lamp to detect an abnormal driving state of the lamp, and a feedback circuit unit electrically connected to the sensing pattern capacitor to control the abnormal driving state of the lamp. A liquid crystal display device including the backlight unit is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a micro-macro channel reactor comprising: a top end plate and a bottom end plate assembled on the outskirts of the micro-macro channel reactor; a heat exchanging plate by which a heat exchanging material passes through passages thereof so that heat is transferred between the heat exchanging material and such a fluid as a reactant, a product, or a mixture thereof that passes through a catalyst plate; a catalyst plate stacked and assembled together with the heat exchanging plate and including a catalyst section containing a reaction catalyst necessary to perform a catalytic reaction of the reactant while the reactant is passing through the catalyst section; and a support plate stacked and assembled together with the catalyst plate and configured to provide passages that allows the reactant to pass through the catalyst section of the catalyst plate.

Abstract: An inspection apparatus and a method for detecting defects in a substrate having a semiconductor device thereon are provided. The method includes establishing a first inspection region including first patterns repeatedly formed in a first direction and a second inspection region including second patterns repeatedly formed in a second direction on the substrate, determining a first unit inspection size of the first inspection region and a second unit inspection size of the second inspection region, obtaining images of the first and second patterns by moving the substrate in the first direction, and detecting defects in the first and second inspection regions by comparing the obtained images of portions of the first and second inspection regions, respectively, with each other. The first inspection size and second inspection size function as comparison units if defects are detected. The substrate may face an image receiving member.

Abstract: In a method of detecting defects of patterns on a semiconductor substrate and an apparatus for performing the method information on positions of reference defects influencing an operation of a circuit including the patterns when the patterns are formed on the semiconductor substrate is acquired in advance. Preliminary defects of the patterns formed on the semiconductor substrate are detected. Positions of the preliminary defects of the patterns are compared with positions of the reference defects. The preliminary defects having the positions substantially the same as the positions of the reference defects are set to be defects of the patterns so that the actual defects are detected.

Abstract: In a method of analyzing a wafer sample, a first defect of a photoresist pattern on the wafer sample having shot regions exposed with related exposure conditions is detected. A first portion of the pattern includes the shot regions exposed with an exposure condition corresponding to a reference exposure condition and a tolerance error range of the reference exposure condition. The first defect repeatedly existing in at least two of the shot regions in a second portion of the pattern is set up as a second defect of the pattern. A first reference image displaying the second defect is obtained. The first defect of the shot regions in the first portion corresponding to the second defect is set up as a third defect corresponding to weak points of the pattern. The exposure conditions of the shot region having no weak points are set up as an exposure margin of an exposure process.

Abstract: A transformer and a liquid crystal display apparatus having the transformer are provided. The transformer includes a bobbin having at least one first winding section, at least one second winding section, and at least one core insertion groove formed therein. The transformer also includes at least one coil wound around the first winding section and the second winding section with at least one core inserted into the core insertion groove.

Abstract: A power supply apparatus capable of reducing power consumption and a liquid crystal display including the power supply apparatus includes a first DC-AC converting unit enabled by a driving signal to convert a DC voltage into a first AC voltage, increase the first AC voltage, and supply the increased first AC voltage as a first power supply voltage; a switching unit which selectively transmits the driving signal in response to a selection signal; and a second DC-AC converting unit enabled by the driving signal selectively transmitted by the switching unit to convert the DC voltage into a second AC voltage, increase the second AC voltage, and supply the increased second AC voltage as a second power supply voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed are a gas to liquids (GTL)-floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) system that can be used in offshore oil fields or stranded gas fields and a method for producing synthetic fuel using the same. More particularly, the disclosure relates to a GTL-FPSO system capable of producing liquid synthetic fuel from gas extracted from stranded gas fields or associated gas extracted from oil fields, including a reforming reactor and a liquid hydrocarbon producer, and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: A method of driving a light source apparatus includes inverting a direct current voltage to generate a first alternating current voltage, transforming the first alternating current voltage into a second alternating current voltage having a voltage level that is greater than a voltage level of the first alternating current voltage, compensating a driving alternating current voltage based on the second alternating current voltage to generate a compensated driving alternating current voltage such that a substantially equal current flows through each light emitting string of a plurality of light emitting string included in the light source apparatus, and rectifying the compensated driving alternating current voltage to apply a driving voltage to the light emitting strings.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving lamps and a liquid crystal display having the same, wherein the uniformity of luminance among lamps is improved, includes a main transformer unit for supplying a driving voltage to the lamps, and a balance transformer unit for making a lamp current of each of the lamps uniform. The balance transformer unit has a plurality of coils wound on a single body, and the coils have the same turns ratio and share magnetic flux so that a constant uniform current can flow through each of the coils. Accordingly, a lamp current of each of the lamps connected to the respective coils of the balance transformer unit can be maintained to be constant, and thus, the luminance of the lamp can be maintained uniformly.

Abstract: A mobile radio frequency identification (mRFID) reader having a receiving circuit is provided. The receiving circuit includes a local oscillator which generates a carrier signal at a predetermined frequency band; a mixer which mixes a tag signal received from a tag with the carrier signal, to lower a frequency of the tag signal; a phase adjusting block which adjusts a phase of the carrier signal by determining a phase of the tag signal; and a control block which processes the tag signal through a series of operations, and controls an operation of the phase adjusting block to compensate for a phase delay of the tag signal according to an output of the processed tag signal. Because the mRFID reader can be provided as small as a half size of a related art reader, a mobile communication terminal accommodating the mRFID reader can be compact-sized. Additionally, because the number of components for the receiving circuit decreases, not only the power consumption but also the unit price can be reduced.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel, a lamp disposed behind the liquid crystal display panel, a cover accommodating the lamp, and an inverter disposed behind the cover. The inverter includes a substrate and a transformer mounted on the substrate and driving the lamp. The transformer includes a core and a coil that is wound around at least a part of the core. The liquid crystal display panel further includes a transformer cover which covers the coil, an inverter cover which covers the inverter and the transformer cover, and a metal member in the transformer cover.

Abstract: An inverter driving apparatus for driving a plurality of lamp units is provided. The inverter driving apparatus includes a plurality of inverter boards for generating driving signals for driving respective lamp units based on a control signal and a voltage signal. Each lamp unit includes at least one lamp, and the plurality of inverter boards are connected in series and include a first outer inverter board receiving the control signal and a second outer inverter board located opposite the first outer inverter board receiving the voltage signal. Each of the plurality of inverter boards transmits the control signal and/or the voltage signal to at least one of the plurality of inverter boards adjacent thereto.

Abstract: A wafer inspecting method including the steps of: multi-scanning a pattern image of a unit inspection region in a normal state and a pattern image of a unit inspection region to be inspected, respectively, using different inspection conditions; comparing the multi-scanned pattern images in the normal state with the multi-scanned pattern images to be inspected obtained by the same inspection conditions, and storing differences between the pattern images as difference images; generating a discrimination difference image by calculating a balance between the stored difference images; and discriminating a defect from noise by using the discrimination difference image.

Abstract: A wireless terminal and a radio frequency identification system for providing additional information and a method of providing additional information using the wireless terminal and the radio frequency identification system. The wireless terminal includes: a tag reader reading tag data from a radio frequency identification tag; a controller generating an additional information request signal with respect to the read tag data; and a communication network interface transmitting the additional information request signal through a communication network and receiving additional information with respect to the additional information request signal. Since the controller of the wireless terminal controls the radio frequency identification reader by optimally setting the information required for determining the time point for the radio frequency identification reader tag to respond, and utilizing the stored address of the additional information providing server, the additional information can be efficiently provided.

Abstract: A shape measurement apparatus and method using a laser interferometer are disclosed. The shape measurement apparatus includes a plurality of laser devices, which generate beams, emit a beam of a specific frequency from among the generated beams, and output interference signals for detecting wavelengths of the generated beams, and a controller for detecting the wavelengths of the generated beams from the outputted interference signals, and controlling the laser devices on the basis of the detected wavelengths. The optical unit projects the beam of the laser device on a target object, and generates an interference pattern of the object. Several shutters are closed and opened. If the shutters are closed, they prevent the beam of each laser device to be projected on the optical unit. An image pickup unit captures the interference pattern.