Abstract: A method is provided for communications between a responding station and a requesting station. In a wireless local area network, the responding station receives a null data packet announcement (NDPA) frame and a null data packet (NDP) frame for channel sounding, and a first poll frame, from the requesting station. The NDP frame follows the NDPA frame. In response to the first poll frame, the responding station transmits a first feedback data field including beamforming feedback information and signal to noise ratio (SNR) information to the requesting station. The responding station receives a second poll frame including a segment retransmission bitmap field indicating at least one segment of the first feedback data field from the requesting station. In response to the second poll frame, the responding station transmits a second feedback data field including the at least one segment of the first feedback data field to the requesting station.

Abstract: A display device includes: a data mapping portion including a memory having addresses corresponding to locations of pixels and which maps an input image signal to a corresponding address; a pattern detector which detects an image quality deterioration pattern in pattern detection areas from the mapped input image signal; a pattern counting portion which generates pattern information by counting the image quality deterioration pattern; a data analyzing portion which divides the input image signal for each frame and selects a representative value of an input image signal of a frame; and a controller which generates an image data signal based on a first inversion method or a second inversion method by determining whether the counted number of the image quality deterioration pattern exceeds a threshold value based on the pattern information, and determines a level of a common voltage corresponding to the representative value.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing the solid electrolyte type CO2 sensor may include a bonding step of bonding a reference electrode on one surface of a solid electrolyte; a first stacking step of stacking a sensing electrode on the other surface of the solid electrolyte facing the surface bonded to the reference electrode; and a second stacking step of stacking a substrate on the other surface of the reference electrode facing the surface bonded to the solid electrolyte.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for transmitting and receiving a frame performed by an AP in a wireless communication system. The method includes the steps of: transmitting a PST message providing instructions to transmit a frame to at least one STA; and receiving frames from a first STA and a second STA. The PST message includes first subband information indicating a first subband in which a first frame is transmitted from the first STA and second subband information indicating a second subband in which a second frame is transmitted from the second STA.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a three-dimensional graphene composite, a preparation method for the same, and a supercapacitor including the same, and more particularly to a three-dimensional graphene composite including at least one electrode material nanoparticle selected from a transition metal hydroxide, a transition metal oxide and a conducting polymer as adsorbed onto the surface of a three-dimensional graphene foam, a preparation method for the three-dimensional graphene composite, and a supercapacitor including the three-dimensional graphene composite.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel comprising a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines, a gate driver circuit configured to generate a plurality of gate signals sequentially applied to the gate lines, and a timing controller configured to generate a reference control signal, the reference control signal adjusting at least one of a pulse-width and a phase of a predetermined gate signal among the gate signals.

Abstract: Provided are a memory device and a memory module, which perform both an ECC operation and a redundancy repair operation. The memory device repairs a single-bit error due to a ‘fail’ cell by using an error correction code (ECC) operation, and also repairs the ‘fail’ cell by using a redundancy repair operation when the ‘fail’ cell is not repairable by the ECC operation. The redundancy repair operation includes a data line repair and a block repair. The ECC operation may change a codeword corresponding to data per one unit of memory cells including the ‘fail’ cell, and may also change the size of parity bits regarding the changed codeword.

Abstract: A method is provided for channel sounding in a wireless local area network. A responding station receives a null data packet announcement (NDPA) frame and a null data packet (NDP) frame for the channel sounding from a requesting station. The NDP frame follows the NDPA frame. The responding station receives a first poll frame from the requesting station. In response to the first poll frame, the responding station transmits a first feedback data field including beamforming feedback information and signal to noise ratio (SNR) information to the requesting station. The responding station receives a second poll frame including a segment retransmission bitmap field indicating at least one segment of the first feedback data field from the requesting station. In response to the second poll frame, the responding station transmits a second feedback data field including the at least one segment of the first feedback data field to the requesting station.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte CO2 sensor may include a solid electrolyte bonded to a substrate to join and seal the substrate, a sensing electrode formed at a first side of the solid electrolyte, and a reference electrode formed between a second side of the solid electrolyte and one surface of the substrate, and sealed by the solid electrolyte and the substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device may include a cell array comprising a plurality of memory cells, each memory cell connected to a word line and a bit line, the cell array divided into a plurality of blocks, each block including a plurality of word lines, the plurality of blocks including at least a first defective block; a nonvolatile storage circuit configured to store address information of the first defective block, and to output the address information to an external device; and a fuse circuit configured to cut off an activation of word lines of the first defective block.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a display device including: a substrate having a rounded corner; a plurality of pixels disposed on the substrate; and a light blocking member disposed on a corner of the substrate and overlapping at least part of a first pixel of the plurality of pixels, the first pixel disposed at the rounded corner, wherein the first pixel is configured to generate a lower luminance, the lower luminance referring to a luminance lower than a normal luminance.

Abstract: A method of synchronizing a driving module includes applying a plurality of original data enable (“DE”) signals to a plurality of timing controller of the driving module, respectively, generating a synch DE signal from the driving module based on the earliest signal among the original DE signals, and transferring the synch DE signal to the plurality of timing controllers in a cascade mode.

Abstract: A method of link adaptation performed by an access point supporting multi user (MU) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) in wireless local area network system is provided. The method includes transmitting, to a first station, a physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) containing a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) request (MRQ) and receiving, from the first station, a MCS feedback (MFB) in response to the MRQ, wherein the first station is one of destination stations of MU-MIMO transmission performed by the access point, and the MFB includes a recommended MCS value computed, by the first station, on the assumption that the first station, as a member of the destination stations, receives data transmitted over at least one spatial stream allocated to the first station in MU-MIMO transmission.

Abstract: A method, performed by a transceiver, is provided for channel sounding in a wireless local area network. A null data packet announcement (NDPA) frame is received from a transmitter to initiate the channel sounding. A null data packet (NDP) is received from the transmitter, the NDP following the NDPA frame. First feedback data split into a plurality of segments in a single aggregated medium access control protocol data unit (A-MPDU) is transmitted. A retransmission request is received from the transmitter, the retransmission request including a segment retransmission bitmap field indicating at least one segment of the plurality of segments for retransmission. In response to the retransmission request, second feedback data including the at least one segment indicated in the segment retransmission bitmap field is transmitted.

Abstract: A display apparatus including a classifier configured to classify image data into preset data of an n-bits (“n” is a natural number), a toggle counter configured to count a number of toggles based on preset data of a present horizontal line and a previous horizontal line and to calculate a final toggle number using a weighted values corresponding to a swing width between data voltages of the present and previous horizontal lines, a determiner configured to determine a representative toggle number of a present frame based on a plurality of final toggle numbers of the present frame, compare the representative toggle number with a plurality of threshold values and determine a level of a power control signal based on a compared result.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of determining a Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) feedback in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) system, including an MCS FeedBack (MFB) responder receiving a first frame, including a request message requesting to send the MFB, from an MFB requester and the MFB responder sending the MFB, including a recommended MCS value, to the MFB requester. The recommended MCS value is derived with reference to at least one of unsolicit type information indicative of a type of the MFB, transmit type information indicative of a transmission type of data, coding type information indicative of a coding scheme applied to the data, a group ID indicative of a group of target stations (STAs) to which the data will be transmitted, and MFB bandwidth information indicative of a bandwidth of a channel.

Abstract: A method for a wireless local area network performed by an access point (AP) configured to communicate over a primary subchannel and a secondary subchannel. The AP transmits a frame including a quiet channel element to a receiving station. The quiet channel element indicates that the secondary subchannel is to be quieted during a quiet interval in which the AP tests the secondary subchannel for a presence of radar transmissions and the receiving station does not send any frame to the AP. The quiet channel element includes an AP quiet mode field indicating whether a communication to the AP is allowed within the primary subchannel during the quiet interval. The primary subchannel and the secondary subchannel are quieted during the quiet interval if the AP quiet mode field indicates the communication to the AP is not allowed with the primary subchannel during the quiet interval.

Abstract: Provided are a method and device for processing an uplink (UL) signal in a WLAN system. An access point (AP) receives a request to send (RTS) frame from one station (STA) among a plurality of STAs, transmits a group identifier (ID) of a group to which STAs for performing UL multi user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) transmission together with the one STA, among group IDs of a group to which the one STA belongs, and receives UL signals from the STAs which perform the UL MU-MIMO transmission such that the received UL signals are processed.

Abstract: A use time managing method of a semiconductor device may include (1) measuring an amount of accumulated operation time of the semiconductor device and when the amount is reached to a predetermined value, generating a unit storage activation signal; (2) repeating step (1) to generate one or more additional unit storage activation signals, thereby generating a plurality of unit storage activation signals, wherein the predetermined values are different for each repeating step; (3) storing data indicating each occurrence of generating the unit storage activation signals; and (4) detecting use time of the semiconductor device based on the cumulatively stored data.