Abstract: A method and an arrangement for energy control on an ignition system for an internal combustion engine are presented having an ignition coil or an ignition transformer whose primary winding can be short circuited by means of a switch, called a short-circuit switch, the ignition coil forming the ignition voltage and having a primary winding and a secondary winding, and, an ion current can be measured with the secondary winding of the ignition coil by means of one or several spark plugs, the primary current in the short-circuit phase of the short-circuit switch is detected with a suitable means and is transmitted to the control unit, the measurement quantity is processed in the form of a function or filtering in the control unit after actuation of the short-circuit switch and an energy control via closure time or closure angle is built up with the obtained feature.

Abstract: A method for processing the ion flow signals of internal combustion engines by offset correction, masking and multiplexing for engine control functions wherein, after the measurement of the ion flow signal in each cylinder for the purpose of offset correction in advance of each ignition operation, the level of the measurement signal of the cylinder is detected; during masking operation, the measurement signal is substituted in a second signal by the level value and is subtracted from the second signal until the next ignition operation and thereafter, the channels which are to be multiplexed, are combined to a third signal by the addition of the second signals of the particular cylinders, the second signal being derived from the measurement signal.

Abstract: A device for detecting a knocking in an internal combustion engine has an evaluating facility, a knock sensor for sensing knocking of an internal combustion engine and producing output signals of the knocking sensor, an evaluation facility for obtaining the filtered signals from the filter from the devices and evaluating the same and a device for controlling a center frequency of at least one of the filter devices depending on at least one operating parameter of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An ignition system for internal combustion engines, which have means for detecting the secondary voltage transformed to the primary side of an ignition coil, the signal detected by these means being fed to an evaluation device. The evaluation device determines the damping of the voltage signal after the end of sparking, this damping representing a measure for the magnitude of the shunt resistance on the secondary side.

Abstract: The object of this invention is a moisture-curing, storage stable, single-component polyurethane system comprising:A. a polyurethane prepolymer with a free isocyanate content of 1 to 5 percent by weight;B. a dialdimine having the formulaR[--N.dbd.CH--C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--CO--CH--(CH.sub.3).sub.2 ].sub.2in whichR is a divalent aliphatic radical with 2 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic radical having 4 to 10 carbon atoms and containing ether oxygen and/or lower alkylamino nitrogen atoms, cycloaliphatic radical with 6 to 15 carbon atoms oraromatic radical with 6 to 21 carbon atoms;andC. an acid catalyst selected from the group consisting of aliphatic carboxylic acids, aromatic carboxylic acids, toluenesulfonic acid, and mixtures thereof.The polyurethane systems are used as coating, sealing, casting, spackling and bonding materials.

Abstract: .alpha.-Alkylacroleins are prepared by reacting an alkanal with formaldehyde and a secondary amine in the presence of a carboxylic, dicarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid in certain molar ratios within a pH range of from 2.5 to 7 and at from 0.degree. to 150.degree. C.The .alpha.-alkylacroleins which can be prepared by the process described are valuable starting materials for dyes, drugs and pest control agents.

Abstract: 3-Hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl isobutyrate is prepared by reaction of isobutyraldehyde in the presence of an alkaline earth metal hydroxide and of carboxylic acids or the corresponding salts, under specific conditions in respect of reaction time and proportion and concentration of the hydroxide suspension. The product is a starting material for the preparation of dyes, pesticides, adhesives and surface coatings.