Abstract: This disclosure describes multi-fluid kits for three-dimensional printing, three-dimensional printing kits, and methods of testing powder bed material for contamination. In one example, a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent and a detector solution. The fusing agent can include water, an electromagnetic radiation absorber, and a first pigment reactant. The electromagnetic radiation absorber can absorb radiation energy and convert the radiation energy to heat. The detector solution can include water and a second pigment reactant.

Abstract: This disclosure describes multi-fluid kits for three-dimensional printing, three-dimensional printing kits, and methods of sensing metal ions using three-dimensional printed ion sensors. In one example, a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent and an ion-sensing agent. The fusing agent can include water and an electromagnetic radiation absorber. The electromagnetic radiation absorber can absorb radiation energy and convert the radiation energy to heat. The ion-sensing agent can include water and a redox-active inorganic salt.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes multi-fluid kits for three-dimensional printing, three-dimensional printing kits, and methods of making three-dimensional printed articles. In one example, a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent, a hydrophobizing agent, and a hydrophilizing agent. The fusing agent can include water and an electromagnetic radiation absorber, wherein the electromagnetic radiation absorber absorbs radiation energy and converts the radiation energy to heat. The hydrophobizing agent can include water and a hydrophobic additive including a first polymer having a hydrophobic group, a monomer that is polymerizable to form a first polymer having a hydrophobic group, or a combination thereof. The hydrophilizing agent can include water and a hydrophilic additive including a second polymer having a hydrophilic group.

Abstract: A multi-fluid kits for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent and a tinted anti-coalescing agent. The fusing agent can include water and an electromagnetic radiation absorber that absorbs radiation energy and converts the radiation energy to heat. The tinted anti-coalescing agent can include an aqueous liquid vehicle, a colored dye dissolved in the aqueous liquid vehicle, and a polyelectrolyte. The polyelectrolyte can have a weight average molecular weight from about 1,000 Mw to about 8,000 Mw, the polyelectrolyte can be water-absorbent at a water to polyelectrolyte weight ratio from about 2:1 to about 1,000:1, and about 90 wt % to 100 wt % of the polyelectrolyte can be dissolved in the aqueous liquid vehicle.

Abstract: According to examples, an apparatus may include a processor and a memory on which are stored machine-readable instructions that when executed by the processor, may cause the processor to identify an orientation of a surface of a three-dimensional (3D) model. The instructions may also cause the processor to, based on the identified orientation of the surface, determine an agent formulation to be employed in fabricating a section of a 3D printed part corresponding to the surface, in which each of a plurality of different orientations of surfaces of the 3D model corresponds to a respective different agent formulation.

Abstract: According to examples described herein, methods, compositions, and parts comprising an antistatic agent are described. According to one example, a method of three-dimensional printing can comprise: (i) a layer of build material being deposited; (ii) a first fusing agent being selectively applied on the build material, wherein the first fusing agent can comprise at least one first antistatic agent; and (iii) repetition of (i) and (ii) at least once to form a core of a three-dimensional part.

Abstract: An automotive vehicle includes a body having fore and aft portions. The vehicle includes a bumper beam coupled to the vehicle body proximate the fore portion and a heat exchanger disposed aft of the bumper beam. A fascia assembly is coupled to the vehicle body and extends about the bumper beam. The fascia assembly includes a fascia inlet configured to direct an airflow from the exterior of the fascia assembly to the interior of the fascia assembly. An energy absorption member is disposed between the fascia and the bumper beam. An air passage extends through at least one of the bumper beam and the energy absorption member. The air passage extends from an air passage inlet to an air passage outlet. The air passage inlet is positioned downstream of the fascia inlet with respect to the airflow, and the air passage outlet being positioned upstream of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: In an example, a method includes segmenting, using a processor, a virtual volume comprising a representation of at least a part of an object to be generated in additive manufacturing. The virtual volume may be segmented into a plurality of segments and the object may be intended to have a first color. Additive manufacturing control instructions may be determined for the segments. The additive manufacturing control instructions may comprise instructions for distributing the print agent composition and the additive manufacturing control instructions for each segment may be determined based on the thermal properties of a print agent composition intended to provide the first color to compensate for variations in object dimensions associated with the thermal properties.

Abstract: A multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent with water and a radiation absorber, and a detailing agent. The radiation absorber can absorb radiation energy and converts the radiation energy to heat. The detailing agent can include water and from about 0.1 wt % to about 20 wt % organosilanes based on a total weight of the detailing agent, wherein the organosilanes include an organosilane compound with a central silicon having both a water-solubilizing group and multiple hydrolyzable groups attached thereto.

Abstract: According to examples, an apparatus may include a processor and a memory on which are stored machine-readable instructions that when executed by the processor, may cause the processor to identify a property of a portion of a three-dimensional (3D) part to be fabricated and determine, based on the identified property, a thermal value associated with the portion. The instructions may also cause the processor to, based on the determined thermal value, determine a first agent composition to be used to fabricate the portion and determine a second agent composition to be used to fabricate a section external and adjacent to the portion, in which the first agent composition and the second agent composition may be determined to cause the portion and the external section to be fabricated to have the identified property while maintaining the external section separate from the portion.

Abstract: According to examples, an apparatus may include a processor and a memory on which are stored machine-readable instructions that when executed by the processor, may cause the processor access a thermal simulation of a three-dimensional (3D) model, the thermal simulation identifying thermal values simulated to occur across the 3D model during fabrication of a 3D part corresponding to the 3D model. The instructions may also cause the processor to determine a modification to be applied to first thermal values corresponding to a first section of the 3D model, in which the modification may increase accuracy of the first thermal values in the thermal simulation and to apply the determined modification to the first thermal values to generate a modified thermal simulation of the 3D model.

Abstract: A multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing includes a fusing agent and a fluorescing detailing agent. The fusing agent includes water and a radiation absorber. The radiation absorber absorbs radiation energy and converts the radiation energy to heat. The fluorescing detailing agent includes water and a fluorescent colorant that is active by exposure to ultraviolet energy to emit light in the visible range of from about 400 nm to about 780 nm. The multi-fluid kit is devoid of a second detailing agent and a second fluorescent colorant.

Abstract: According to examples, an apparatus may include a processor and a memory on which are stored machine-readable instructions that when executed by the processor, may cause the processor to identify a first orientation of a first surface portion of a three-dimensional (3D) model. The instructions may also cause the processor to, based on the identified first orientation of the first surface portion, determine a first thickness of a first section of a first geological region of the 3D model, the first section being adjacent to the first surface portion, in which a plurality of different orientations of 3D model surface portions are correlated to a plurality of different thicknesses. The instructions may further cause the processor to define the first section of the first geological region to have the determined first thickness.

Abstract: An automotive vehicle includes a body having fore and aft portions. The vehicle includes a bumper beam coupled to the vehicle body proximate the fore portion and a heat exchanger disposed aft of the bumper beam. A fascia assembly is coupled to the vehicle body and extends about the bumper beam. The fascia assembly includes a fascia inlet configured to direct an airflow from the exterior of the fascia assembly to the interior of the fascia assembly. An energy absorption member is disposed between the fascia and the bumper beam. An air passage extends through at least one of the bumper beam and the energy absorption member. The air passage extends from an air passage inlet to an air passage outlet. The air passage inlet is positioned downstream of the fascia inlet with respect to the airflow, and the air passage outlet being positioned upstream of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are kits, methods, systems, and compositions for threedimensional printing. In an example, disclosed herein is a multi-fluid kit for threedimensional printing comprising: a marking agent comprising a marking component which is a fluorescent color agent that is activated by ultraviolet radiation to emit light in the visible range of from about 400 nm to about 780 nm; a first fusing agent; a second fusing agent different from the first fusing agent; and a detailing agent.

Abstract: According to examples described herein, methods, compositions, and agents comprising an antistatic agent are described. According to one example, a fusing agent composition for three-dimensional printing can comprise: at least one antistatic agent in an amount of from about 0.01 wt % to about 20 wt % based on a total weight of the fusing agent composition, at least one near infrared absorbing compound, at least one surfactant, at least one organic solvent, and water.

Abstract: According to examples described herein, methods, compositions, and parts comprising an antistatic agent are described. According to one example, a method of three-dimensional printing can comprise: (i) a layer of build material being deposited; (ii) a first fusing agent being selectively applied on the build material, wherein the first fusing agent can comprise at least one first antistatic agent; and (iii) repetition of (i) and (ii) at least once to form a core of a three-dimensional part.

Abstract: The present application generally relates to a method and apparatus for providing an active heat exchanger with dynamic positioning to improve vehicle aerodynamics. More specifically, aspects of the present disclosure relate to systems, methods and devices for a vehicle fascia having multiple airflow openings, at least one of having an active shutter system and wherein the active heat exchanger is positioned to respond to closing of one or more of the airflow openings when active aerodynamics are deployed.

Abstract: An attachment is configured to connect a first connecting plate of a vehicle component to a second connecting plate of a vehicle body. The attachment includes a body, first, second and third flanges, and a press-fit insert. The attachment is of an elastically deformable material and is configured to be inserted into first and second through holes of the first and second connecting plates. The flanges engage the connecting plates when the attachment is inserted into the through holes. The body includes a hole extending longitudinally within the body to accommodate the press-fit insert. The press-fit insert has a diameter greater than the diameter of the hole to form a snug connection between the press-fit insert and the hole. The insertion of the press-fit insert into the hole elastically deforms the attachment to urge the body radially against the connecting plates to provide a robust connection between the connecting plates.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a cargo area having a surface and a floor assembly. The floor assembly includes a pair of elongated trim panels, a floor panel and a pair of locking mechanisms. The pair of elongated trim panels are mounted to the surface of the cargo area at opposite sides thereof. The floor panel is slidably disposed onto the surface of the cargo area and between the pair of trim panels. The pair of locking mechanisms connect the floor panel and the pair of trim panels to prevent vertical and horizontal movement of the floor panel when the floor panel is fully disposed onto the surface of the cargo area.