Abstract: A fuse array may include: an E-fuse including a plurality of active regions having a floating node and a contact node, and a plurality of gates overlapping the respective active regions and separated from each other between the floating node and the contact node; and a plurality of fuse sets each including two or more E-fuses and sharing the floating node or the contact node.

Abstract: An AC direct driver lighting system including a surge protection circuit and a current limiting circuit is disclosed. According to one embodiment, the AC direct driver lighting system includes an LED load, a rectifier, and an LED driver configured to receive rectified AC voltage from an AC power source and drive the LED load. The AC direct driver lighting system further includes a surge protection circuit and a current limiting circuit disposed between the AC power source and the LED load. The surge protection circuit and the current limiting circuit suppress excessive current flowing through the AC direct driver lighting system.

Abstract: A semiconductor package including a first metal layer configured for use as a bonding pad, a second metal layer formed over the first metal layer, and the second metal layer having a separation allowing for the second metal layer to be positioned above distal ends of the first metal layer. The semiconductor package also including a third metal layer formed over the second metal layer, and the third metal layer having a separation allowing for the third metal layer to be positioned above distal ends of the first metal layer, a trench defined by the separation of the third metal layer and second metal layer, and extending through the third metal layer and the second metal layer to expose the first metal layer, and a bonding ball located within the trench.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus and system including a semiconductor apparatus may include: a main pattern block having a plurality of main patterns formed to be coupled to a power source and one or more dummy pattern blocks formed around the main pattern block. Any one of the one or more dummy pattern blocks may include a protection part formed to protect the main pattern block.

Abstract: A fuse array may include: an E-fuse including a plurality of active regions having a floating node and a contact node, and a plurality of gates overlapping the respective active regions and separated from each other between the floating node and the contact node; and a plurality of fuse sets each including two or more E-fuses and sharing the floating node or the contact node.

Abstract: A driver circuit for driving light emitting diodes (LEDs). The driver circuit includes: a string of LEDs divided into n groups, the n groups of LEDs being electrically connected to each other in series, a downstream end of group m?1 being electrically connected to the upstream end of group m, where m is a positive number equal to or less than n. The driver circuit also includes a power source coupled to an upstream end of group 1 and operative to provide an input voltage and a plurality of current regulating circuits, each of the current regulating circuits being coupled to the downstream end of a corresponding group at one end and coupled to a ground at the other end and including a sensor amplifier and a cascode having first and second transistors.

Abstract: An anti-fuse including a program transistor which can be short-circuited depending on whether the program transistor is programmed, and also including a read transistor which is coupled with the program transistor and a bit line, and outputs information to the bit line based on whether the program transistor is short-circuited, comprising: an active region formed in a first direction in a semiconductor substrate; a bit line contact formed over the active region and coupled with the bit line; a program gate electrode the entire or part of which is buried in the active region over the program transistor; and a read gate electrode disposed over the read transistor and formed between the program gate electrode and the bit line contact.

Abstract: An AC direct driver lighting system is disclosed. According to one embodiment, the AC direct driver lighting system includes an AC power source, a plurality of LED groups, and an AC driver comprising a current sink connected between the AC power source and the plurality of LED groups. The AC direct driver lighting system further includes at least one of a valley fill circuit and a load balancer circuit coupled to a target LED group of the plurality of LED groups. The valley fill circuit charges supplies electrical power to a target LED group and the load balancer circuit reduces the current flowing through the target LED group.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus and system including a semiconductor apparatus may include: a main pattern block having a plurality of main patterns formed to be coupled to a power source and one or more dummy pattern blocks formed around the main pattern block. Any one of the one or more dummy pattern blocks may include a protection part formed to protect the main pattern block.

Abstract: An AC lighting system for providing uniform light distribution is disclosed. According to one embodiment, the AC lighting system includes an AC driver and LED packages electrically connected to the AC driver. Each LED package includes a plurality of LED elements and is physically distributed over an illuminating surface of the AC lighting system. The AC driver has a first current sink that drives a first LED group and a second current sink that drives the first LED group and a second LED group. The first LED group includes at least one LED element from each of the LED packages, and the second LED group includes at least one LED element other that the first set of LED elements from each of the LED packages.

Abstract: A driver circuit for driving light emitting diodes (LEDs). The driver circuit includes a string of LEDs divided into n groups, the n groups of LEDs being electrically connected to each other in series, a downstream end of group m?1 being electrically connected to the upstream end of group m. The driver circuit also includes a power source coupled to an upstream end of group 1. The driver circuit further includes a plurality of current regulating circuits, where each current regulating circuit is coupled to the downstream end of a corresponding group at one end and coupled to a ground at another end and includes a sensor amplifier and a cascode having two transistors. The driver circuit also includes a phase control logic for sending a signal to each of the current regulating circuits to thereby control a current flow through each of the current regulating circuits.

Abstract: A driver circuit for driving light emitting diodes (LEDs). The driver circuit includes: a string of LEDs divided into n groups, the n groups of LEDs being electrically connected to each other in series, a downstream end of group m?1 being electrically connected to the upstream end of group m, where m is a positive number equal to or less than n. The driver circuit also includes a plurality of current regulating circuits, each of the current regulating circuits being coupled to the downstream end of a corresponding group at one end and coupled to the ground at the other end and including a sensor amplifier and a cascode having first and second transistors, each sensor amplifier being coupled to a different voltage source for providing a different reference voltage thereto.

Abstract: A driver circuit for driving light emitting diodes (LEDs). The driver circuit includes a string of LEDs divided into n groups and the n groups of LEDs is electrically connected to each other in series, where a downstream end of group m?1 is electrically connected to the upstream end of group m. The driver circuit also includes a power source coupled to an upstream end of group 1 and provides an input voltage. The driver circuit further includes current regulating circuits, where each of the current regulating circuits is coupled to the downstream end of the corresponding group at one end and coupled to a ground at the other end. Each of the current regulating circuits includes a sensor amplifier and a cascode having first and second transistors. The driver circuit also includes detectors, where each of the detectors detects a source voltage of the first transistor.

Abstract: A driver circuit for driving light emitting diodes (LEDs). The driver circuit includes: a string of LEDs divided into n groups, the n groups of LEDs being electrically connected to each other in series, a downstream end of group m?1 being electrically connected to the upstream end of group m, where m is a positive number equal to or less than n. The driver circuit also includes a plurality of current regulating circuits, each of the current regulating circuits being coupled to the downstream end of a corresponding group at one end and coupled to the ground at the other end and including a sensor amplifier and a cascode having first and second transistors, each sensor amplifier being coupled to a different voltage source for providing a different reference voltage thereto.

Abstract: A driver circuit for driving light emitting diodes (LEDs). The driver circuit includes: a string of LEDs divided into n groups, the n groups of LEDs being electrically connected to each other in series, a downstream end of group m-1 being electrically connected to the upstream end of group m, where m is a positive number equal to or less than n. The driver circuit also includes a plurality of current regulating circuits, each of the current regulating circuits being coupled to the downstream end of a corresponding group at one end and coupled to the ground at the other end and including a sensor amplifier and a cascode having first and second transistors, each sensor amplifier being coupled to a different voltage source for providing a different reference voltage thereto.

Abstract: A driver circuit for driving light emitting diodes (LEDs). The driver circuit includes a string of LEDs divided into n groups and the n groups of LEDs is electrically connected to each other in series, where a downstream end of group m?1 is electrically connected to the upstream end of group m. The driver circuit also includes a power source coupled to an upstream end of group 1 and provides an input voltage. The driver circuit further includes current regulating circuits, where each of the current regulating circuits is coupled to the downstream end of the corresponding group at one end and coupled to a ground at the other end. Each of the current regulating circuits includes a sensor amplifier and a cascode having first and second transistors. The driver circuit also includes detectors, where each of the detectors detects a source voltage of the first transistor.

Abstract: A driver circuit for driving light emitting diodes (LEDs). The driver circuit includes a string of LEDs divided into n groups and the n groups of LEDs is electrically connected to each other in series, where a downstream end of group m?1 is electrically connected to the upstream end of group m. The driver circuit also includes a power source coupled to an upstream end of group 1 and provides an input voltage. The driver circuit further includes current regulating circuits, where each of the current regulating circuits is coupled to the downstream end of the corresponding group at one end and coupled to a ground at the other end. Each of the current regulating circuits includes a sensor amplifier and a cascode having first and second transistors. The driver circuit also includes detectors, where each of the detectors detects a source voltage of the first transistor.

Abstract: A driver circuit for driving light emitting diodes (LEDs). The driver circuit includes: a string of LEDs divided into n groups, the n groups of LEDs being electrically connected to each other in series, a downstream end of group m-1 being electrically connected to the upstream end of group m, where m is a positive number equal to or less than n. The driver circuit also includes a plurality of current regulating circuits, each of the current regulating circuits being coupled to the downstream end of a corresponding group at one end and coupled to the ground at the other end and including a sensor amplifier and a cascode having first and second transistors, each sensor amplifier being coupled to a different voltage source for providing a different reference voltage thereto.

Abstract: A driver circuit for driving light emitting diodes (LEDs). The driver circuit includes: a string of LEDs divided into n groups, the n groups of LEDs being electrically connected to each other in series, a downstream end of group m?1 being electrically connected to the upstream end of group m, where m is a positive number equal to or less than n. The driver circuit also includes a plurality of current regulating circuits, each of the current regulating circuits being coupled to the downstream end of a corresponding group at one end and coupled to the ground at the other end and including a sensor amplifier and a cascode having first and second transistors, each sensor amplifier being coupled to a different voltage source for providing a different reference voltage thereto.

Abstract: A driver circuit for driving light emitting diodes (LEDs). The driver circuit for driving light emitting diodes (LEDs) includes a string of LEDs divided into n groups. The n groups of LEDs are electrically connected to each other in series and the downstream end of group m?1 is electrically connected to the upstream end of group m, where m is a positive number equal to or less than n. The driver circuit also includes a plurality of current regulating circuits, where each of the current regulating circuits is coupled to a downstream end of a corresponding group and has at least one transistor and a detector for measuring a current flowing through the corresponding group.