Abstract: A method of illumination includes energizing a light source of a lighting apparatus to emit a plurality of light rays. The method also includes directing a first light ray of the plurality of light rays into a first upper passageway. The method also includes directing a second light ray of the plurality of light rays into a first lower passageway. The method also includes redirecting the first light ray from the first upper passageway into a second upper passageway. The method also includes redirecting the second light ray from the second upper passageway into a second lower passageway.

Abstract: Embodiments of a lamp that utilizes a reflector and a light source with light-emitting diode (LED) devices to generate an optical intensity distribution substantially similar to that of a conventional incandescent light bulb. These embodiments utilize an operation configuration with parameters that define relationships between components of the lamp to generate the optical intensity distribution. These parameters can, in one example, set out the position of the reflector relative to the light source as well as the ratio between dimensions of the reflector and the light source. In one embodiment, the reflector is in position relative to the light source to form a blocking area proximate the light source that defines a part of the lamp that does not diffuse light.

Abstract: An optical element for transmission of light produced by a solid state emitter includes at least one diffuser element, and a reflector supported by the at least one diffuser element and paced-apart from the emitter, the reflector defining an annular lip having an aperture therein and an axis normal to a plane defined by the aperture. The reflector further includes a first frustoconical surface coupled with the annular lip and angling outwardly in a first direction at a first angle relative to the axis, a second frustoconical surface coupled to the first frustoconical surface and angled outwardly at a second angle in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a third surface coupled with the second frustoconical surface and angling outwardly at a third angle.

Abstract: Methods are provided for forming a reflective coating by applying a precursor material onto the substrate; soft curing the precursor material at a first curing energy level; and thereafter, hard curing the precursor material at a second curing energy level having a higher amount of energy than the first curing energy level to form the reflective coating. Other methods are provided for forming a reflective coating a surface of a plastic substrate by heating the surface of the plastic substrate to a deposition temperature, applying a polymeric resin onto the heated surface, and crosslinking the polymeric resin to form the reflective coating. The polymeric resin can include a cross-linkable powder, a cross-linker, and a pigment, with the deposition temperature being about 10° C. or greater than the melting point of the cross-linkable binder. Lighting apparatus formed from such methods are also provided.

Abstract: A unitary heat sink that includes fins and roots configured to provide improved thermal management for solid state light sources. In an embodiment, the unitary heat sink includes a central hub portion composed of a thermally conducting metal, a plurality of fins projecting away from the central hub portion in a first direction, and a plurality of roots projecting away from the central hub portion in a second direction generally opposite from the first direction.

Abstract: Embodiments of a lamp that distributes light from one or more light emitting diode (LED) devices with an intensity distribution having a batwing appearance. These embodiments can comprise a lens having a lens body with different types of optics to achieve the preferred distribution. In one example, the lens body has a first section with optics that embody a plurality of prismatic facets and a second section with optics that form a convex shape, curving outward relative to the LED device.

Abstract: Embodiments of a lighting apparatus with a light source using one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs) to generate light. In one embodiment, the lighting apparatus comprises a light diffusing assembly that generates an optical intensity profile consistent with incandescent lamps. The light diffusing assembly comprises an envelope and a reflector element having frusto-conical member and an aperture element disposed therein. The lighting apparatus can also comprise a heat dissipating assembly with a plurality of heat dissipating elements disposed radially about the envelope. In one example, the heat dissipating elements are spaced apart from the envelope to promote convective heat dissipation.

Abstract: A unitary heat sink that includes fins and roots configured to provide improved thermal management for solid state light sources. In an embodiment, the unitary heat sink includes a central hub portion composed of a thermally conducting metal, a plurality of fins projecting away from the central hub portion in a first direction, and a plurality of roots projecting away from the central hub portion in a second direction generally opposite from the first direction.

Abstract: A lamp having a lamp base and a longitudinal axis, with a first lens with more than one segment having optic elements located distal from the lamp base. Where optic elements within a segment have similar optical properties and at least two of the segments have optic elements with different optical properties. A second lens located between the distal lens and the lamp base, the second lens having a plurality of total internal reflection (TIR) lens elements each having a focal point, with a finite light source is positioned at about each of the TIR lens element focal points. At least one of the first lens or the second lens is moveable about the longitudinal axis so as to change an alignment between the optic element segments, the TIR lens elements, and the finite light sources.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus with uniform illumination distribution, according to various embodiments, can include a lens for area lighting. In one embodiment, the lens comprises a plurality of cross-sections identified by a thickness ratio defined at different angles. The thickness ratio is determined relative to the thickness of the cross-section defined at a center angle of the lens. In another embodiment, the lighting apparatus with uniform illumination distribution includes a lens having an inner surface and an outer surface. A profile of the inner surface and the outer surface is composed of a plurality of piecewise circular arcs defined with radii and circle centers. The lens is formed as a complex curve lens by joining the piecewise circular arcs of the inner surface and the outer surface.

Abstract: Provided is a lighting system including a nonplanar surface configurable for mounting light emitting diode (LED) dies. A plurality of LED dies is mounted on the nonplanar surface. The plurality of LED dies is configured to distribute light in an omnidirectional manner.

Abstract: Embodiments of a lens element have a body that incorporates geometry that defines features for surfaces that receive and transmit light, e.g., from a light emitting diode (LED) device. These features include, for example, curves, bends, arcs, and like curvilinear objects and/or shapes. These embodiments employs these features to change the direction of light that transits the body. These changes can reflect, refract, and/or re-direct light, thus rendering light that emits from the lens element with one or more light distributing characteristics. In one embodiment, the body comprises a cavity with an inner surface that has a first section and a second section that curve, respectively, with positive concavity and with negative concavity relative to the LED device.

Abstract: An optical element for transmission of light produced by a solid state emitter includes at least one diffuser element, and a reflector supported by the at least one diffuser element and paced-apart from the emitter, the reflector defining an annular lip having an aperture therein and an axis normal to a plane defined by the aperture. The reflector further includes a first frustoconical surface coupled with the annular lip and angling outwardly in a first direction at a first angle relative to the axis, a second frustoconical surface coupled to the first frustoconical surface and angled outwardly at a second angle in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a third surface coupled with the second frustoconical surface and angling outwardly at a third angle.

Abstract: Provided is an omnidirectional lens, having a housing having a closed end and an open end, a series of facets circumferentially arranged on the housing; and a series of concentric facets disposed on the closed end.

Abstract: Embodiments of a lamp that distributes light from one or more light emitting diode (LED) devices with an intensity distribution having a batwing appearance. These embodiments can comprise a lens having a lens body with different types of optics to achieve the preferred distribution. In one example, the lens body has a first section with optics that embody a plurality of prismatic facets and a second section with optics that form a convex shape, curving outward relative to the LED device.

Abstract: An optical element for a lamp or lighting apparatus having at least one light emitting diode (LED) as a light source is provided. The optical element is positioned proximate to the LED and receives light rays therefrom. In turn, the optical element distributes the substantially unidirectional light output from the LED into an omnidirectional output with a controlled variance in light intensity at different directions about the LED. A diffuser can also be used around the optical element and LED to provide further distribution of the light rays by e.g., light scattering.

Abstract: Embodiments of a lens element have a body that incorporates geometry that defines features for surfaces that receive and transmit light, e.g., from a light emitting diode (LED) device. These features include, for example, curves, bends, arcs, and like curvilinear objects and/or shapes. These embodiments employs these features to change the direction of light that transits the body. These changes can reflect, refract, and/or re-direct light, thus rendering light that emits from the lens element with one or more light distributing characteristics. In one embodiment, the body comprises a cavity with an inner surface that has a first section and a second section that curve, respectively, with positive concavity and with negative concavity relative to the LED device.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus with uniform illumination distribution, according to various embodiments, can include a lens for area lighting. In one embodiment, the lens comprises a plurality of cross-sections identified by a thickness ratio defined at different angles. The thickness ratio is determined relative to the thickness of the cross-section defined at a center angle of the lens. In another embodiment, the lighting apparatus with uniform illumination distribution includes a lens having an inner surface and an outer surface. A profile of the inner surface and the outer surface is composed of a plurality of piecewise circular arcs defined with radii and circle centers. The lens is formed as a complex curve lens by joining the piecewise circular arcs of the inner surface and the outer surface.

Abstract: A lamp having a lamp base and a longitudinal axis, with a first lens with more than one segment having optic elements located distal from the lamp base. Where optic elements within a segment have similar optical properties and at least two of the segments have optic elements with different optical properties. A second lens located between the distal lens and the lamp base, the second lens having a plurality of total internal reflection (TIR) lens elements each having a focal point, with a finite light source is positioned at about each of the TIR lens element focal points. At least one of the first lens or the second lens is moveable about the longitudinal axis so as to change an alignment between the optic element segments, the TIR lens elements, and the finite light sources.

Abstract: The present subject matter is directed to a system and method for producing a batwing light distribution. A lens is illuminated with a light source, preferably an LED, and the lens is configured to internally reflect a portion of the illuminating light back in a direction generally opposite to the initial illumination direction. Another portion of the light from the light source may pass through other lens surfaces but may also be reflected back past the light source with a reflector positioned on the other side of the lens from the light source. The light source may be mounted on a frame so as to obscure light therefrom from view.