Abstract: An enhanced solid state battery cell is disclosed. The battery cell can include a first electrode, a second electrode, and a solid state electrolyte layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The battery cell can further include a resistive layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The resistive layer can be electrically conductive in order to regulate an internal current flow within the battery cell. The internal current flow can result from an internal short circuit formed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The internal short circuit can be formed from the solid state electrolyte layer being penetrated by metal dendrites formed at the first electrode and/or the second electrode.

Abstract: Provided herein is a positive temperature coefficient film comprising an inorganic positive temperature coefficient compound. Also provided herein are a positive temperature coefficient electrode, a positive temperature coefficient separator, and a positive temperature coefficient lithium secondary battery, each of which comprises the positive temperature coefficient film.

Abstract: A high energy density rechargeable (HEDR) battery employs a combined current limiter/current interrupter to prevent thermal runaway in the event of internal discharge or other disruption of the separator. The combined current limiter/current interrupter is interior to the battery.

Abstract: An improved high energy density rechargeable (HEDR) battery with an anode energy layer, a cathode energy layer, a separator between the anode and cathode energy layers for preventing internal discharge thereof, and at least one current collector for transferring electrons to and from either the anode or cathode energy layer, includes a resistive layer interposed between the separator and one of the current collectors for limiting the rate of internal discharge through the failed separator in the event of separator failure. The resistive layer has a fixed resistivity at temperatures between a preferred temperature range and an upper temperature safety limit for operating the battery. The resistive layer serves to avoid temperatures in excess of the upper temperature safety limit in the event of separator failure in the battery, and a fixed resistivity of the resistive layer is greater than the internal resistivity of either energy layer.

Abstract: An enhanced solid state battery cell is disclosed. The battery cell can include a first electrode, a second electrode, and a solid state electrolyte layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The battery cell can further include a resistive layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The resistive layer can be electrically conductive in order to regulate an internal current flow within the battery cell. The internal current flow can result from an internal short circuit formed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The internal short circuit can be formed from the solid state electrolyte layer being penetrated by metal dendrites formed at the first electrode and/or the second electrode.

Abstract: Provided herein is a positive temperature coefficient film comprising an inorganic positive temperature coefficient compound. Also provided herein are a positive temperature coefficient electrode, a positive temperature coefficient separator, and a positive temperature coefficient lithium secondary battery, each of which comprises the positive temperature coefficient film.

Abstract: A battery cell may include a lid, a case, a jellyroll, and a gasket. The lid may include a first pin and a second pin. The case may form a chamber when sealed with the lid. The jellyroll may include a negative electrode having a negative electrode tab and a positive electrode having a positive electrode tab. The jellyroll may be disposed inside the chamber. The negative electrode tab may couple with the first pin to form a negative terminal of the battery cell and the positive electrode tab may couple with the second pin to form a positive terminal of the battery cell. The gasket may partially encase each of the negative electrode tab and the positive electrode tab to prevent a contact between the negative electrode tab, the positive electrode tab, and/or the case of the battery cell.

Abstract: A battery with anti-corrosion protection is provided. The battery can include an electrolyte and a current collector. The electrolyte may be formed from one or more reactive salts capable of corroding the current collector. As such, the current collector may be interposed between a first anti-corrosion layer and a second anti-corrosion layer. The first anti-corrosion layer and/or the second anti-corrosion layer can be configured to prevent the current collector from being corroded by the reactive salts included in the electrolyte by preventing contact between the current collector and the electrolyte. Related methods for corrosion prevention are also provided.

Abstract: A battery with anti-corrosion protection is provided. The battery can include an electrolyte and a current collector. The electrolyte may be formed from one or more reactive salts capable of corroding the current collector. As such, the current collector may be interposed between a first anti-corrosion layer and a second anti-corrosion layer. The first anti-corrosion layer and/or the second anti-corrosion layer can be configured to prevent the current collector from being corroded by the reactive salts included in the electrolyte by preventing contact between the current collector and the electrolyte. Related methods for corrosion prevention are also provided.

Abstract: A high energy density rechargeable (HEDR) metal-ion battery includes an anode and a cathode energy layer, a separator for separating the anode and cathode energy layers, and at least one current collector for transferring electrons to and from either the anode or cathode energy layer. The HEDR battery has an upper temperature safety limit for avoiding thermal runaway. The HEDR battery further includes an interrupt layer that activates upon exposure to temperature at or above the upper temperature safety limit. When the interrupt layer is unactivated, it is laminated between the separator and one of the current collectors. When activated, the interrupt layer delaminates, interrupting current through the battery. The interrupt layer includes a temperature sensitive decomposable component that, upon exposure to temperature at or above the upper temperature safety limit, evolves a gas upon decomposition. The evolved gas delaminates the interrupt layer, interrupting current through the battery.

Abstract: An electric power system such as, for example, a circuit, an electric appliance, an electric generator, and/or an energy storage system, can be coupled with a negative thermal expansion component. The negative thermal expansion component can be formed from a material having negative thermal expansion properties such that the negative thermal expansion component contracts in response to an increase in temperature. The contraction of the negative thermal expansion component can form a nonconductive gap that disrupts current flow through the electric power system. The disruption of the current flow can eliminate hazards associated with the electric power system overcharging, overheating, and/or developing an internal short circuit.

Abstract: An improved high energy density rechargeable (HEDR) battery with an anode energy layer, a cathode energy layer, a separator between the anode and cathode energy layers for preventing internal discharge thereof, and at least one current collector for transferring electrons to and from either the anode or cathode energy layer, includes a resistive layer interposed between the separator and one of the current collectors for limiting the rate of internal discharge through the failed separator in the event of separator failure. The resistive layer has a fixed resistivity at temperatures between a preferred temperature range and an upper temperature safety limit for operating the battery. The resistive layer serves to avoid temperatures in excess of the upper temperature safety limit in the event of separator failure in the battery, and a fixed resistivity of the resistive layer is greater than the internal resistivity of either energy layer.

Abstract: An electric power system such as, for example, a circuit, an electric appliance, an electric generator, and/or an energy storage system, can be coupled with a negative thermal expansion component. The negative thermal expansion component can be formed from a material having negative thermal expansion properties such that the negative thermal expansion component contracts in response to an increase in temperature. The contraction of the negative thermal expansion component can form a nonconductive gap that disrupts current flow through the electric power system. The disruption of the current flow can eliminate hazards associated with the electric power system overcharging, overheating, and/or developing an internal short circuit.

Abstract: A high energy density rechargeable metal-ion battery includes an anode energy layer, a cathode energy layer, a separator for separating the anode and the cathode energy layers, an anode current collector for transferring electrons to and from the anode energy layer, the battery characterized by a maximum safe voltage for avoiding overcharge, and an interrupt layer that interrupts current within the battery upon exposure to voltage in excess of the maximum safe voltage. The interrupt layer is between the anode energy layer and current collector. When unactivated, it is laminated to the cathode current collector, conducting current therethrough. When activated, the interrupt layer delaminates from the anode current collector, interrupting current therethrough.

Abstract: A high energy density rechargeable metal-ion battery includes an anode energy layer, a cathode energy layer, a separator for separating the anode and the cathode energy layers, an anode current collector for transferring electrons to and from the anode energy layer, the battery characterized by a maximum safe voltage for avoiding overcharge, and an interrupt layer that interrupts current within the battery upon exposure to voltage in excess of the maximum safe voltage. The interrupt layer is between the anode energy layer and current collector. When unactivated, it is laminated to the cathode current collector, conducting current therethrough. When activated, the interrupt layer delaminates from the anode current collector, interrupting current therethrough.

Abstract: The wire control switch comprises a shell, a PCB board disposed in the shell, and a switching device electrically connected to the PCB board. The shell has a first end which is provided with a conductive cap. The conductive cap is connected with the shell in an electrically insulated manner. The PCB board is electrically connected to the conductive cap and the shell respectively. A magnet is provided inside the shell at an end which is close to the conductive cap. The mobile lighting apparatus comprises a lamp holder and a lamp body connected to one end of the lamp holder, and an end of the lamp body which is distant from the lamp holder is connected with the aforementioned wire control switch. The present invention achieves magnetic connection between the wire control switch and the mobile lighting apparatus, resulting in convenience in disassembly and assembly and reduced operation difficulty.

Abstract: The wire control switch comprises a shell, a PCB board disposed in the shell, and a switching device electrically connected to the PCB board. The shell has a first end which is provided with a conductive cap. The conductive cap is connected with the shell in an electrically insulated manner. The PCB board is electrically connected to the conductive cap and the shell respectively. A magnet is provided inside the shell at an end which is close to the conductive cap. The mobile lighting apparatus comprises a lamp holder and a lamp body connected to one end of the lamp holder, and an end of the lamp body which is distant from the lamp holder is connected with the aforementioned wire control switch. The present invention achieves magnetic connection between the wire control switch and the mobile lighting apparatus, resulting in convenience in disassembly and assembly and reduced operation difficulty.

Abstract: A battery cell may be formed to include a surplus lithium. The surplus lithium may be disposed inside a cavity formed by winding a separator, a positive electrode, and a negative electrode to form a jelly roll of the battery cell. The surplus lithium may be discharged in order to pre-lithiate the battery cell. For example, the surplus lithium may be coupled with the positive electrode and discharged while the battery cell is at least partially charged. Alternatively, the surplus lithium may be coupled with the negative electrode and discharged while the battery cell is at least partially discharged. Moreover, the surplus lithium may be coupled with a negative current collector of the battery cell in order to prevent one or more chemical reactions triggered by an over discharge of the battery cell from corroding the negative current collector of the battery cell.

Abstract: An enhanced solid state battery cell is disclosed. The battery cell can include a first electrode, a second electrode, and a solid state electrolyte layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The battery cell can further include a resistive layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The resistive layer can be electrically conductive in order to regulate an internal current flow within the battery cell. The internal current flow can result from an internal short circuit formed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The internal short circuit can be formed from the solid state electrolyte layer being penetrated by metal dendrites formed at the first electrode and/or the second electrode.