Abstract: A light modulation device is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a light modulation device includes a first polymer film substrate, a second polymer film substrate, an active liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second polymer film substrates, wherein the active liquid crystal layer is capable of switching between a vertical orientation state and a twisting orientation state upon application of a voltage, each of the first and second polymer film substrates has an in-plane retardation of 4,000 nm or more for light having a wavelength of 550 nm, a ratio of an elongation (E1) in a first direction to an elongation (E2) in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction of 3 or more, and wherein an angle formed by the first directions of the first and second polymer film substrates is in a range of 0 degrees to 10 degrees.

Abstract: The present application relates to a light modulation device and a use thereof. The present application can provide a light modulation device having both excellent mechanical properties and optical properties by applying a polymer film that is also optically anisotropic and mechanically anisotropic to a substrate.

Abstract: A display element, a method for manufacturing the same, and a use thereof are provided. The display element can induce a decrease in driving voltage without reducing a difference in a cell gap, have durability by ensuring proper adhesion characteristics, and, specifically, can effectively overcome a problem of the display element including a vertical alignment adhesive layer, in particular, a problem of increasing driving voltage, which can be generated when the thickness is increased so as to improve the adhesion characteristics.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention relates to a lithium metal anode. Wherein the lithium metal anode comprises a current collector and a lithium metal thin film layer disposed on at least one surface of the current collector and having a thickness in a range of 0.1 to 200 ?m and a coating layer disposed on a surface of the lithium metal thin film layer, wherein, the coating layer comprising a Li—N—C—H—O based ionic compound.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device and the use thereof are provided. The liquid crystal device has an advantage in terms of power consumption since a normally transparent mode may be realized in a state in which an external electric field is not applied, and can exhibit an excellent light blocking characteristic when an external electric field is applied.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device, a precursor composition, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, an apparatus of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, and use of the liquid crystal device are provided. A device capable of being driven at a low driving voltage can be provided. The device can be realized so that the device can be driven in a normally transparent mode or a normally black mode. Also, the device has other excellent characteristics such as a contrast ratio. Such a liquid crystal device can be applied to various light modulation devices such as smart windows, window-protecting films, flexible display devices, active retarders for displaying 3D images, or viewing angle-adjusting films.

Abstract: Disclosed is a development cartridge attachable/detachable to/from a main body of an image forming apparatus. The development cartridge includes at least a photosensitive drum to form an electrostatic latent image thereon or a developer roller to develop the electrostatic latent image by supplying a developer to the photosensitive drum, a housing to support the at least one photosensitive drum or the developer roller. A developer roller gear may be provided on a rotation shaft of the developer roller to connect to a driving gear of the main body when the development cartridge is attached to the main body, and a driven coupler provided at an end of the photosensitive drum to couple to a driving coupler located coaxially with the driving gear in the main body, based on shaft coupling when the development cartridge is attached to the main body.

Abstract: According to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for monitoring a pressure in a biliary tract includes: receiving a measured value of a pressure in a biliary tract from a stent for a biliary tract having a pressure sensor mounted therein, by a subcutaneous implant medical device; collecting the measured value of the pressure at a predetermined cycle and transmitting collected information to an external device, by the subcutaneous implant medical device; and analyzing the collected information to expect a timing of biliary obstruction, and providing expected information to the patient, by the external device.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for jaundice diagnosis based on an image. The method for jaundice diagnosis based on an image includes: receiving a jaundice diagnostic image acquired by photographing both a specific body part of a user and a reference object at a place where the user is positioned at present; generating color distortion information indicating a color distortion degree of the reference object included in the jaundice diagnostic image; generating a jaundice diagnostic correction image by correcting color distortion of the jaundice diagnostic image based on the color distortion information; and diagnosing a jaundice symptom for the user by using the jaundice diagnostic correction image.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an isolated DC-DC converter and a driving method thereof. The isolated DC-DC converter includes: a switching unit connected to terminals of a power supply, comprising three pairs of switches connected in parallel, and configured to switch on and off the three pairs of switches; a transformer unit comprising a first through third transformers, each having a primary winding connected to the switching unit and a secondary winding that are wound in a predetermined turns ratio and transforming a voltage applied to the primary winding according to the turns ratio; a post-processing unit connected to the secondary winding of each of the first through third transformers and configured to rectify and filter a voltage induced in the secondary winding to generate and output an output voltage; and a control unit connected to the switching unit and configured to control switching operation of the switching unit by providing the switching unit with carriers and reference voltages.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal device, a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device, and the use of the liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device according to the present invention has excellent light shielding rate variability characteristics. Such a liquid crystal device can be applied to various optical modulation devices such as a smart window, a window protection film, a flexible display device, an active retarder for displaying a 3D image, or a viewing angle adjustment film.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal element and a use of the liquid crystal element. The exemplary liquid crystal element of the present application is, for example, an element capable of realizing a normally transparent mode, having a high contrast ratio, and being driven with a low driving voltage. Such a liquid crystal element may be applied in a variety of light modulators including a smart window, a window protective film, a flexible display element, an active retarder for displaying a 3D image and a viewing angle controlling film.

Abstract: Provided are: an antibody binding specifically to a surface antigen, pre-S1, of a hepatitis B virus (HBV); a polynucleotide coating the antibody; an expression vector comprising the polynucleotide; a transformation agent comprising the expression vector; and use of the antibody in treating or preventing HBV infection and in detecting an HBV.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device of the present application may realize a transparent white state, a transparent black state and a scattering state according to a frequency and/or level of an applied voltage. The liquid crystal device may be applied to, for example, a window of a vehicle, a smart window, a window protective film, a display, a light cutoff panel for a display, an active retarder for a 3D image display or a viewing angle controlling film.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device of the present application may realize a transparent white state, a transparent black state and a scattering state according to a level of an applied voltage at a fixed frequency. The liquid crystal device may be applied to, for example, a window of a vehicle, a smart window, a window protective film, a display, a light cutoff panel for a display, an active retarder for a 3D image display or a viewing angle controlling film.

Abstract: A developing apparatus for an image forming apparatus comprises: a developing roller; a developing housing which rotatably supports the developing roller and receives a two-component developer; a first mixing member installed in the developing housing to mix the developer; and a second mixing member installed in the developing housing to be parallel to the first mixing member and adjacent to the developing roller, wherein the second mixing member comprises: a shaft; a spiral wing part formed along the shaft; and a plurality of ribs formed so as to protrude from the surface of the shaft.

Abstract: A toner cartridge including a carrier container in which one surface needed for discharge of carriers faces a toner discharge outlet, an image forming apparatus, and a method for controlling the image forming apparatus are provided. The toner cartridge includes a case, a toner container in the case so as to contain the toners; a toner outlet disposed over the case so as to discharge the container toner to the outside; and a carrier container including carriers therein such that one surface of the carrier container, through which the included carriers are discharged, is arranged to face the toner outlet.

Abstract: A developer cartridge includes: a housing including a developer outlet; a conveying member configured to convey a developer to the developer outlet and including a spiral member rotatably installed in the housing; and a developer bag configured to accommodate the developer, be installed in the housing, and rotate in connection with the conveying member, the developer bag including an opening for discharging the developer into the housing.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method of manufacturing an optical device, an optical device and a use of the optical device. The method of manufacturing an optical device of the present application can form a patterned mold layer to maintain an appropriate gap between the upper and lower substrates, and can apply an imprinting process in patterning the mold layer to simply manufacture the mold pattern having the desired shape. In addition, the optical device manufactured by the above manufacturing method can have a low driving voltage and no short circuit phenomenon, and be realized as a flexible device. Such an optical device can be applied to various display devices such as LCDs.