Abstract: The disclosure relates to a nitride based semiconductor light emitting device with improved luminescence efficiency by increasing a recombination rate of electrons and holes contributing to luminescence, which results from matching the spatial distribution of electron and hole wave functions. The nitride based semiconductor light emitting device according to the present invention includes an n-type nitride layer, an active layer formed on the n-type nitride layer, and a p-type nitride layer formed on the active layer. At this stage, a strain control layer, and the at least one layer has a larger energy bandgap than a quantum well layer in the active layer. The strain control layer is disposed in an area where the quantum well layer of the active layer is formed. Moreover, an energy bandgap of the strain control layer is less than that of quantum barrier of the active layer.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide filtering structures and methods. At least filtering structure includes a filtering medium for removing impurities from a gas produced by gasifying coal or biomass, and a catalyst for converting methane and carbon dioxide into synthesis gas by a dry reforming reaction and a steam reforming reaction. The filtering medium, according to various embodiments, is coated with the catalyst.

Abstract: A developing unit to deliver developer in various directions or a predetermined direction, and an image forming apparatus having the same. The developing unit includes a developer housing and a delivery unit to provide the developer with a delivery force via rotation thereof. The developer housing includes a protrusion to interfere with the delivery unit during rotation of the delivery unit, so as to change a developer delivery direction. The delivery unit includes an elastic delivery member and in turn, the delivery member includes a plurality of delivery elements to interfere with the protrusion. The developer delivery direction may be changed variously by changing positions of the delivery element and the protrusion.

Abstract: A stacked semiconductor device and a method for fabricating the stacked semiconductor device are disclosed. The stacked semiconductor device includes a first insulating interlayer having an opening that partially exposes a substrate, wherein the substrate includes single crystalline silicon, and a first seed pattern that fills the opening, wherein the first seed pattern has an upper portion disposed over the opening, and the upper portion is tapered away from the substrate. The stacked semiconductor device further includes a second insulating interlayer formed on the first insulating interlayer, wherein a trench that exposes the upper portion of the first seed pattern penetrates the second insulating interlayer, and a first single crystalline silicon structure that fills the trench.

Abstract: A universal GPS traffic monitoring system that uses a plurality of GPS enabled mobile devices to transmit near real-time traffic direction and speed information to a server. The sever processes the information thereby reducing the computational load and power consumption of the mobile devices. The system uses a Traffic Pattern Recognition software program that recognizes only valid traffic data while filtering out unwanted traffic data. The system creates a Distributed Traffic Data Store database containing the average speeds for designated traffic monitoring points (TMPs) created for the region. A request for traffic data containing the boundary data and the zoom level is sent from the mobile device to the server. The server reviews the request and determines which specific Distributed Traffic Data Store database contains the information and then creates and sends a compressed file containing the traffic information relevant to the TMPs in the request to the mobile device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for gasification of carbon-containing materials, and more specifically, to a method for gasification of carbon-containing materials which allows an increase in carbon efficiency and a reduction in carbon dioxide emission, comprising the steps of: gasification of carbon-containing materials to methane; thermal decomposition of CH4 to C and H2; and conversion of CO2 to CO using the carbon produced during the decomposition. The method of the present invention greatly increases carbon efficiency and reduces the generation of carbon dioxide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for providing a target mobile station with a multimedia content such as audio or video content before a call an originating mobile station attempted to connect is answered by the target mobile station. A mobile communication network protocol for multimedia transmission between a target mobile station and a network is established before a called party receives a call, so that multimedia such as images or moving pictures may be sent to the target mobile station before the called party answers the call. In this way, the called party is able to enjoy a multimedia service before the phone call is connected. Moreover, if the multimedia is an audio or moving picture about a calling party, the called party can identify the calling party based on the multimedia.

Abstract: Novel systems and methods are described in which performance of equalizers can be improved by reducing the effects of error propagation in equalizers that use a Viterbi Decoder. Systems and methods of symbol correction in prediction decision feedback equalization architectures are described including systems and methods that include an enhanced Viterbi decoder and novel methods of symbol correction to obtain better system performance. The use of a blending algorithm is described to reduce errors in symbol decoding. Histories of deep trace back depth symbols can be maintained to enable more accurate decisions. Systems and methods described can provide advantage in the feedback path of adaptive equalizers in trellis decoders. The invention provides novel techniques for improving the performance of equalizers by reducing the effects of error propagation in equalizers that use a Viterbi Decoder.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an optical disk having a projection that prevents full contact of the upper surface of the disk when engaging a supporting surface. The optical disk includes a projection formed in a central portion of the optical disk that abuts or is near the upper surface of a protecting layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a discharging control apparatus of a switching device for an inverter capable of reducing a spike voltage when the switching device is turned off and reducing a turn-off time of the switching device, the apparatus comprising, a fast discharge circuit section configured to provide a discharging path through which a gate voltage of the switching device is fast discharged at a first discharging speed, an idle discharge circuit section configured to provide a discharging path through which the gate voltage of the switching device is idly discharged at a second discharging speed slower than the first discharging speed, and a spike voltage reduction controller configured to control such that the gate voltage is discharged simultaneously via the fast discharge circuit section and the idle discharge circuit section, when the switching device is turned off in the state that a normal current flows in the switching device, so as to reduce a spike voltage and simultaneously fast turn the switching device off

Abstract: A developing unit includes a toner storage portion for containing toner and a development portion for containing the toner supplied from the toner storage portion. The development portion includes a developing roller for supplying the toner to a photosensitive body, a supply roller and an auxiliary supply roller. The supply roller and the auxiliary supply roller rotate while facing each other to supply the toner to the developing roller. In the developing unit, an inequality that |D?(R1+R2)|?1.0 mm is satisfied, where a distance between the centers of the auxiliary supply roller and the supply roller in a region where the auxiliary supply roller and the supply roller face each other is D, a radius of the supply roller is R1, and a radius of the auxiliary supply roller is R2.

Abstract: A developing unit includes a toner storage portion containing toner and including a toner supply member, a development portion disposed above the toner storage portion and containing the toner supplied from the toner storage portion by the toner supply member, and including a developing roller and a supply roller to supply the toner to the developing roller, and a partition wall to divide the toner storage portion and the development portion, and including an opening portion disposed under the lowest portion of the supply roller and forming a path of the toner supplied from the toner storage portion to the development portion.

Abstract: This invention relates to a discoloration indicator for checking the life span of a desulfurization adsorbent, and a desulfurization reactor and a desulfurization system including the same, and specifically, to a discoloration indicator for checking the life span of a desulfurization adsorbent able to effectively adsorb and remove organic sulfur compounds from fossil fuels, including natural gas or LPG containing the organic sulfur compound, and to a desulfurization reactor and a desulfurization system including the same. This invention makes it possible to remove the organic sulfur compound using the desulfurization adsorbent and to check the replacement time of the adsorbent with the naked eye or using an electrical signal, and thus may be applied to the treatment of natural gas or LPG requiring desulfurization, and also to hydrogen generators for home fuel cell generation systems or distributed fuel cell generation systems requiring that devices be simple, or requiring unmanned operation.

Abstract: Provided is an aqueous polyurethane emulsion composition having a urethane-urea bond, which is obtained by reacting a polyisocyanate, a polyester polyol and an ionic compound to prepare a polyurethane prepolymer, neutralizing it with an alkali or trialkylamine, dispersing it in water and reacting it with an amine, which is a chain extender. Polyurethane gloves manufactured with the aqueous polyurethane emulsion composition of the present invention have superior antistatic property, which is maintained even after washing, and wearing comfort similar to that of gloves made of natural latex and do not cause allergic reactions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel technique for improving the performance of equalizers by reducing the effects of error propagation in equalizers that use a Viterbi Decoder. Methods and systems are described that can improve the performance of equalizers by reducing the effects of error propagation in equalizers that use a Viterbi Decoder. Systems and methods of symbol correction in prediction decision feedback equalization (“pDFE”) architectures are described. Systems are described that include one or more enhanced Viterbi decoders together with novel methods of symbol correction to obtain better system performance. Systems and methods are described that utilize dual pDFEs and can use a blending algorithm to reduce errors in symbol decoding. Dual pDFEs are described that include forward and backward Viterbi decoders wherein the backward Viterbi decoded may operate on time reversed data blocks and with some degree of latency.

Abstract: Disclosed is an esophageal stent placed in a stenosed part of the esophagus having a flexible tube to prevent the reverse flow of gastric contents from the stomach is coupled to the lower end of the esophageal stent. The flexible tube has an inside membrane and an outside membrane adhered to each other, thus having a twofold structure with at least one core longitudinally placed between the adhered inside and outside membranes while the core extends from the upper end toward the lower end of the flexible tube. Thus, the flexible tube is prevented from being inverted, and prevents the reverse flow of the gastric contents, and maximizes the operational reliability of the esophageal stent. The flexible tube does not cause a patient pain or discomfort due to frictional contact of the tube with the inner surface of the stomach when the tube moves in the stomach.

Abstract: A sensor includes a first sensor transistor receiving external light and generating a first sensing current based on an amount of the received external light, a first capacitor storing a first sensing voltage based on the first sensing current from the first sensor transistor, a second sensor transistor receiving external heat and generating a second sensing current based on an amount of the received external heat, a second capacitor storing a second sensing voltage based on the second sensing current from the second sensor transistor, a light blocking member blocking the second sensor transistor from external light, and an opening exposing the first sensor transistor to external light.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a platinum-based catalyst for oxidation/reduction reactions and the use thereof. The platinum-based catalyst is prepared by loading a catalyst composition comprising a water soluble salt of at least one metal selected from among cerium (Ce), zirconium (Zr) and rhenium (Re), on a support comprising at least one selected from among alumina, silica and titania. The disclosed catalyst can be prepared in a simple manner without any particular limitation as to the kind of usable water soluble platinum salt, and when it is applied to various oxidation reactions, including water gas shift reactions of carbon monoxide, three-way catalytic reactions, and selective oxidation reactions of carbon monoxide, and to reduction reactions, such as reactions of removing nitrogen oxide (NOx), it will show excellent catalytic activity.