Abstract: A display device is disclosed that includes a substrate including a display area including a first pixel area and a second pixel area which are adjacent to each other and a pad area spaced apart from the display area, a first reflection electrode disposed in the first pixel area on the substrate, a second reflection electrode disposed in the second pixel area on the substrate, a first transparent electrode disposed in the first pixel area on the first reflection electrode, a first thickness compensation layer disposed in the first pixel area on the first transparent electrode, and including a different material with the first transparent electrode, and a second thickness compensation layer disposed on the first thickness compensation layer, and including a center portion and an edge portion which has an inclination angle with respect to a surface of the first thickness compensation layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a display area having a plurality of pixels and a non-display area surrounding the display area, and the display device comprises a transistor located on a first substrate in the display area, a pixel electrode connected to the transistor, a light emitting member on the pixel electrode, a common electrode on the light emitting member, a planarization layer having a substantially uniform thickness and located between the transistor and the pixel electrode in the display area, a pixel defining layer on the pixel electrode, and a dam located on the first substrate in the non-display area. The dam may include a lower layer including a same layer as the planarization layer and an upper layer including a same layer as the pixel defining layer, and the pixel defining layer may have a separation opening located between two adjacent pixels of the plurality of pixels.

Abstract: A display panel includes a base substrate, a circuit layer including a transistor, a pixel-defining layer defining an emission opening portion, an auxiliary layer including a transparent metal oxide, a separator including a black component, and having an edge protruding toward the emission opening portion further than an edge of the auxiliary layer, and a light-emitting element above the circuit layer, and including a first electrode in the emission opening portion, a second electrode facing the first electrode, emission structures between the first electrode and the second electrode, and charge generation layers between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein a stepped space is defined by a portion of a bottom surface of the separator, the edge of the auxiliary layer, and a portion of an upper surface of the pixel-defining layer, and wherein at least one of the charge generation layers is disconnected at the stepped space.

Abstract: A display device includes a lower metal pattern located on a substrate, a first insulating layer covering the lower metal pattern, an active pattern located on the first insulating layer, a second insulating layer covering the active pattern, and a first electrode located on the second insulating layer. The first insulating layer defines a first hole exposing at least a portion of the lower metal pattern and including a first side surface forming a first angle with an upper surface of the lower metal pattern. The second insulating layer defines a second hole at least partially overlapping the first hole in a plan view and including a second side surface forming a second angle smaller than the first angle with an upper surface of the first insulating layer. The first electrode contacts the lower metal pattern through the first hole and the second hole.

Abstract: A display device including a via insulating layer disposed on a substrate, a first light emitting element including a first pixel electrode disposed on the via insulating layer, a second light emitting element including a second pixel electrode disposed on the via insulating layer, wherein the second pixel electrode is spaced apart from the first pixel electrode by at least a first distance to form a first non-pixel electrode area, a third light emitting element including a third pixel electrode disposed on the via insulating layer, wherein the third pixel electrode is spaced apart from the first pixel electrode by a second distance to form a second non-pixel electrode area, a first pixel defining layer disposed in the first non-pixel electrode area on the via insulating layer, and a second pixel defining layer disposed in the second non-pixel electrode area on the via insulating layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a first buffer layer disposed on a substrate. An etch stop layer is disposed on the first buffer layer. A second buffer layer is disposed on the etch stop layer. The second buffer layer includes a first hole exposing at least a portion of an upper surface of the etch stop layer. An active layer is disposed on the second buffer layer. The active layer includes a conductive area and a second hole exposing the first hole. An inorganic layer is disposed on the active layer. The inorganic layer fills the first hole and the second hole.

Abstract: A display device includes a semiconductor layer of a driving transistor; a semiconductor layer of a switching transistor; a semiconductor layer of an initialization transistor; a gate electrode of the driving transistor overlapping a semiconductor layer of the driving transistor; a lower storage electrode connected to the semiconductor layer of the switching transistor; an upper storage electrode connected to the semiconductor layer of the driving transistor, a light blocking pattern, and the semiconductor layer of the initialization transistor, and overlapping the lower storage electrode; a semiconductor layer of a first auxiliary transistor adjacent the semiconductor layer of the switching transistor and/or the semiconductor layer of the initialization transistor; a first electrode of the first auxiliary transistor connected to the semiconductor layer of the first auxiliary transistor; and a second electrode of the first auxiliary transistor connected to the semiconductor layer of the first auxiliary transi

Abstract: A display panel is proved. The display panel including a base layer, a light blocking pattern on the base layer, a semiconductor pattern not overlapping the light blocking pattern, a lower capacitor pattern including a first portion overlapping the light blocking pattern and a second portion protruding in a first direction from the first portion and overlapping the semiconductor pattern, an upper capacitor pattern overlapping the lower capacitor pattern, and a light-emitting element connected to the semiconductor pattern. The light blocking pattern includes a lower surface facing the base layer, an upper surface opposed to the lower surface, and a side surface connecting the lower surface and the upper surface. The upper capacitor pattern faces the semiconductor pattern in the first direction.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) lamp for a vehicle and a method of manufacturing the same use MID and magnetic induction technologies. The LED lamp includes a LED module, a housing accommodating the LED module, and a molded interconnect device (MID) electrode formed on a surface of the housing. The LED module may be mounted on the MID electrode by soldering using magnetic induction heating, the housing may be an injection molded product, and the MID electrode may be formed on the housing using a MID process.

Abstract: An optical disc unit for an ultraviolet sterilizer, which is applied to the ultraviolet sterilizer, includes an ultraviolet light emitting diode (LED) to reflect light irradiated from the ultraviolet LED, including a body portion including a hollow and a primary optical unit fixedly coupled to an internal diameter surface in the hollow of the body portion and disposed in a direction perpendicular to an emission surface of the ultraviolet LED to reflect light irradiated from the ultraviolet LED, and according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, it is possible to enhance a sterilization ability by increasing a beam angle of light irradiated from the ultraviolet LED and uniformly irradiating the light and also reduce a risk of light leakage to the outside in a space to which the ultraviolet LED is applied.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) lamp for a vehicle and a method of manufacturing the same use MID and magnetic induction technologies. The LED lamp includes a LED module, a housing accommodating the LED module, and a molded interconnect device (MID) electrode formed on a surface of the housing. The LED module may be mounted on the MID electrode by soldering using magnetic induction heating, the housing may be an injection molded product, and the MID electrode may be formed on the housing using a MID process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a genetically mutated bacteria strain for detecting an estrogenic compound and a method for detecting an estrogenic compound by using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a bacteria strain having an ability to detect an estrogenic compound, transformed by plasmid A comprising base sequences in which a gene for encoding a coactivator interacting with an estrogen receptor ligand binding domain (ER LBD) is conjugated to a gene for encoding ?CI protein, and plasmid B in which a gene for encoding an estrogen receptor ligand binding domain (ER LBD) is conjugated to a gene for encoding ?NTD protein, and a method for detecting an estrogenic compound by using same.

Abstract: A display device includes a driving transistor on a substrate, a light emitting element disposed on the driving transistor, and a lower electrode disposed between the substrate and the driving transistor. The driving transistor includes an active pattern and a gate electrode. The active pattern includes a first region, a second region, and a channel region between the first region and the second region. The light emitting element is electrically connected to the second region of the active pattern. The lower electrode overlaps the channel region of the active pattern and provides a back bias voltage to the driving transistor.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a printed circuit board includes forming a through hole in an insulating layer of the printed circuit board, filling the through hole by plating to form a plating layer on the insulating layer, and removing the plating layer from the insulating layer; and forming a circuit pattern on the insulating layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a driving transistor on a substrate, a light emitting element disposed on the driving transistor, and a lower electrode disposed between the substrate and the driving transistor. The driving transistor includes an active pattern and a gate electrode. The active pattern includes a first region, a second region, and a channel region between the first region and the second region. The light emitting element is electrically connected to the second region of the active pattern. The lower electrode overlaps the channel region of the active pattern and provides a back bias voltage to the driving transistor.

Abstract: A display device includes a semiconductor layer of a driving transistor; a semiconductor layer of a switching transistor; a semiconductor layer of an initialization transistor; a gate electrode of the driving transistor overlapping a semiconductor layer of the driving transistor; a lower storage electrode connected to the semiconductor layer of the switching transistor; an upper storage electrode connected to the semiconductor layer of the driving transistor, a light blocking pattern, and the semiconductor layer of the initialization transistor, and overlapping the lower storage electrode; a semiconductor layer of a first auxiliary transistor adjacent the semiconductor layer of the switching transistor and/or the semiconductor layer of the initialization transistor; a first electrode of the first auxiliary transistor connected to the semiconductor layer of the first auxiliary transistor; and a second electrode of the first auxiliary transistor connected to the semiconductor layer of the first auxiliary transi

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes: a first insulating layer; and a heat radiating circuit pattern disposed on a first surface of the first insulating layer and having a pad and a via. The heat radiating circuit pattern includes: a first metal layer disposed on the first insulating layer; a graphite layer disposed on the first metal layer; and a second metal layer disposed on the graphite layer.

Abstract: An example photographing apparatus module includes: a photographing apparatus configured to rotate on a first axis and a second axis perpendicular to the first axis; and an actuator module configured to rotate the photographing apparatus on the first axis or the second axis. The actuator module includes: one or more first actuator devices configured to apply a contact force along an optical axis direction of the photographing apparatus that is perpendicular to the first axis and the second axis; and one or more second actuator devices configured to apply a driving force to the photographing apparatus along the first axis direction or the second axis direction.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a printed circuit board includes forming a through hole in an insulating layer of the printed circuit board, filling the through hole by plating to form a plating layer on the insulating layer, and removing the plating layer from the insulating layer; and forming a circuit pattern on the insulating layer.

Abstract: A pressure control valve may include a valve body, a fixed cylinder and a rotating cylinder. The valve body may have an inlet port and an outlet port. The fixed cylinder may be fixed to an inner wall of the valve body. The fixed cylinder may include a quadrangular first fixed hole connected to the inlet port, and a quadrangular second fixed hole connected to the outlet port. The rotating cylinder may be rotatably arranged in the fixed cylinder. The rotating cylinder may include a quadrangular first pressure control hole selectively connected to the first fixed hole, and a quadrangular second pressure control hole selectively connected to the second fixed hole. Thus, the pressure control valve including the quadrangular fixed hole and the quadrangular pressure control hole may have improved pressure control function.