Abstract: A method for assigning digital image information to the navigational data of a medical navigation system is provided. The method includes: producing digital image information from a digital image recording device for a patient being monitored by means of the navigation system; transmitting a signal from the image recording device to the navigation system when an image is produced, the signal including assignment information for assigning the image information to the navigational data which apply to the image information; and transmitting the image information from the image recording device to the navigation system, wherein the image information and the corresponding navigational data are assigned to each other.

Abstract: Luminescent material compositions, in particular for use in high-temperature environments, and structures, such as thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), which incorporate the same.

Abstract: A coating material (20) for coating a machine component (10), especially a gas turbine or a part thereof, comprises a mixture of at least a refractory material and an indicator material having an optical emission (e.g. fluorescence) spectrum which varies in response to a physical parameter of the coated component. In a preferred embodiment, the coating consists of yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) or yttrium stabilized zirconium. The dopant is preferably a rare earth metal, e.g. Eu, Tb, Dy.

Abstract: A forward error correcton coding method comprises a generalized concatenated code comprising a plurality of outer component codes and a plurality of inner component codes. The outer components codes comprise Reed-Solomon codes and a plurality of binary codes of equal length but varying rates. The inner component codes have a nested structure and are defined by the sum of disjoint Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes. The inner and outer component codes are selected such that the product of the minimum Hamming distances of the inner and outer component codes are as equal as possible. Moreover, the component codes are selected by matching cyclotomic cosets of inner BCH codes and type and multiplicity of outer codes.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and array for replicating and analyzing one or a plurality of different target sequences in nucleic acid samples. The different reactions for replicating the target sequences occur simultaneously on an array with selectively heatable array elements with their reaction surfaces, some of which have been modified differently, and in the sample solution disposed thereabove. The target sequences are analyzed using molecular detection on reaction surfaces of said array that have been modified with probe strands. The target strands are replicated and analyzed simultaneously, successively, or alternately.

Abstract: In order to recognize a distorting effect in a serial communication channel, a set of different symbol vectors formed of n>=2 successive communication symbols and a set of reference values of a critical characteristic of the i-th communication symbol (1in) of the symbol vectors is defined, a plurality of sequences of n communication symbols transmitted on the channel is received, and for each of the symbol vectors the value of the characteristic of the i-th communication symbol is detected in all received sequences which correspond to the symbol vector. Then the set of detected values is compared to the set of reference values, and based on the comparison, the effect is judged to be present or not to be present.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for impregnating, incorporating or surface-treating substances/articles that can be microbially decomposed, contaminated and/or infested with parasites and/or that are perishable. The inventive method comprises the following steps: applying a special antimicrobial/antiparasite composition on the substances/articles or incorporating the antimicrobial/antiparasite composition in the substances. The invention further relates to said special antimicrobial/antiparasite compositions, to their use for impregnating and/or surface-treating substances that can be microbially decomposed, contaminated and/or that are perishable or substances that are infested with parasites and to the use thereof in substances and products that have to be self-contaminating.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve, having an outer valve needle cooperating with a valve seat for opening and closing at least one outer injection opening, an inner valve needle disposed in the outer valve needle and cooperating with the valve seat for opening and closing at least one inner injection opening. The fuel pressure in a control chamber that can be filled with fuel under pressure acts on the outer valve needle and the inner valve needle in such a way that a closing force in the direction of the valve seat is exerted on the inner valve needle and the outer valve needle. An inner pressure face disposed on the inner valve needle and a shoulder is disposed on the outer valve needle, which each, on being subjected to pressure, exert a hydraulic opening force, oriented counter to the closing force, on the inner valve needle and the outer valve needle.

Abstract: A method is provided for determining and setting the tilting of the spectrum of light signals in an optical fiber of an optical data transmission path having at least one part for varying the tilting of the spectrum, wherein the light signals are amplified by at least one optical amplifier and a portion of the amplified light signals is extracted, the extracted light signals are then partially guided through an influencing element with a known frequency-dependent intensity influence, the influencing element being an amplifier, a waveguide structure or a fiber with an amplifying action, the total intensity of the extracted light signals is then measured upstream and downstream of the influencing element prior to the extracted light signals being guided through the influencing element, and the control criterion is determined, based on the known frequency-dependent intensity influence of the influencing element and the measured total intensity, for setting the tilting via which the part for varying the tilting i

Abstract: A forward error correcton coding method comprises a generalized concatenated code comprising a plurality of outer component codes and a plurality of inner component codes. The outer components codes comprise Reed-Solomon codes and a plurality of binary codes of equal length but varying rates. The inner component codes have a nested structure and are defined by the sum of disjoint Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes. The inner and outer component codes are selected such that the product of the minimum Hamming distances of the inner and outer component codes are as equal as possible. Moreover, the component codes are selected by matching cyclotomic cosets of inner BCH codes and type and multiplicity of outer codes.

Abstract: A radiation-transparent die half for a forming die in which a beam outlet from a shaping beam outlet surface is spatially limited by a diaphragm is manufactured in a simpler and more economical manner. Further, a long life is additionally ensured through the possibility of reworking the forming beam outlet surface in combination with effective protection of the diaphragm. According to the invention, the diaphragm is constructed as a radiation-impermeable layer which is enclosed up to its end faces by radiation-transparent material.

Abstract: A transmitter for an optical RZ-DPSK communication signal comprises a source for an optical carrier, an electro-optical modulator which comprises at least one element having an optical path length adapted to be varied by an electrical driver signal for intensity modulating the optical carrier based on the driver signal, and a driver circuit for generating the driver signal from an electrical communication signal. The driver signal is an impulse-type signal having two types of impulses spaced in time by a neutral signal state, wherein in the presence of the neutral state of the driver signal at the modulator, the transmission of the modulator becomes zero, and the two types of impulses each cause a transmission different from zero and a phase which is specific for the type of the impulses in the modulator.

Abstract: A method for determining signal quality in optical transmission systems, wherein the effective signal-to-noise ratio is determined by measuring amplitude histograms of a signal and by calculating characteristic histogram moments and additional interference is ascertained by comparing the characteristic histogram moments with the optical signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for the stabilisation of cytokines and to cytokines generated by such methods. The methods of the invention involve mutating the amino acid sequence of a cytokine so as to remove solvent-exposed hydrophobic residues, and/or mutating the amino acid sequence of the cytokine so as to stabilise one or more secondary structure elements in the molecule. These steps have the effect of destabilsing intermediates that are formed during the folding process, relative to the stability of the cytokine in its naturally folded state, so increasing the yield of the cytokine as produced in vitro.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for measuring the non-linear coefficient and/or the dispersion coefficient of an optical fiber in an optical data transmission path by four-wave mixing, wherein at least two pump signals of known intensity with at least two different input frequencies are injected into one end of an optical fiber to be measured, in order to obtain at least two signals with at least two new frequencies by four-wave mixing, with the intensity of the backscattered signals of the new frequencies being measured at the feed side and the non-linear coefficent and/or the dispersion coefficient being determined from the measured intensities.

Abstract: A method for adjusting a resistance in an integrated circuit, the resistance having a first conductive area and a second conductive area between which a dielectric area is arranged, a programming current being conducted through the resistance, the programming current being selected so as to adjust a resistance value of the resistance which is selected from a resistance range and is dependent on the programming current.

Abstract: An injector for high-pressure injection of fuel in self-igniting internal combustion engines includes an actuator valve for opening and closing the injector; a nozzle needle, which in the closed state of the injector closes at least one injection opening; a metering valve, which establishes a hydraulic communication between the actuator valve and the relief chamber of the injector; a pressure holding device, which serves to maintain a static pressure required for the metering valve; and a first control quantity line for control quantities that flow via the actuator valve, and a second control quantity line for control quantities that flow via the metering valve. The pressure holding device dynamically separates the control quantities of the metering valve from the control quantities of the actuator valve by means of a hydraulic fluctuation damper.

Abstract: The fuel injection system having one high-pressure fuel pump and one fuel injection valve for each engine cylinder in which the pump piston defines a work chamber, which communicates with a pressure chamber of the fuel injection valve. A control valve controls connection of the pump work chamber with a relief chamber and having a second control valve controls a connection of a control pressure chamber, which communicates with the pump work chamber defined by a control piston with a relief chamber is controlled, and in which connection a throttle restriction is provided.

Abstract: A radiation-transparent die half for a forming die in which a beam outlet from a shaping beam outlet surface is spatially limited by a diaphragm is manufactured in a simpler and more economical manner. Further, a long life is additionally ensured through the possibility of reworking the forming beam outlet surface in combination with effective protection of the diaphragm. According to the invention, the diaphragm is constructed as a radiation-impermeable layer which is enclosed up to its end faces by radiation-transparent material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for purifying and/or concentrating inclusion bodies (refractile bodies) in a highly concentrated particle-containing solution, in which process the inclusion body-containing suspension is directed tangentially past one or more semipermeable membranes, so that the inclusion bodies are retained behind the membranes and that substances having a relatively small molecular weight may pass through the membrane and/or be adsorbed to the membrane, and a purified and/or concentrated inclusion body suspension is obtained. In the same manner, cell wall particles are removed from a inclusion body suspension. The invention further relates to the use of a crossflow microfiltration unit for purifying and/or concentrating inclusion bodies in a suspension and for removing cell wall particles from a inclusion body preparation.