Abstract: A communication method of an application processor includes generating a plurality of files; generating a file set channel by transmitting a first pattern of input/output (I/O) requests to a storage device, the I/O requests being I/O requests corresponding to files from among the plurality of files; and transmitting first bit data to the storage device via the file set channel, the first bit data being transmitted using file set signaling, the file set signaling including a second pattern of I/O requests corresponding to first files from among the plurality of files such that each file in the plurality of files represents a bit of the first bit data.

Abstract: Provided is a method of writing data of a storage system. The method includes causing a host to issue a first writing command; causing the host, when a queue depth of the first writing command is a first value, to store the first writing command in an entry which is assigned in advance and is included in a cache; causing the host to generate a writing completion signal for the first writing command; and causing the host to issue a second writing command.

Abstract: A method of optimizing a non-volatile memory based storage device is provided. The method includes requesting state information from the storage device; analyzing the state information received in response to the requesting to determine at least one recommended use for the storage device; displaying the at least one recommended use to a user to enable the user to select a recommended use; setting a configuration corresponding to the selected use; and issuing a configuration change request to the storage device to configure the storage device with the set configuration.

Abstract: A method of repairing a storage device including a non-volatile memory includes powering on the storage device, performing a booting sequence, determining whether an error has occurred during the booting sequence or during a normal mode, writing a failure signature to a predetermined signature address in the non-volatile memory upon determining that the error has occurred, reporting a failure to a host upon writing the failure signature, entering into a repair mode upon reporting the failure, and operating in the normal mode upon determining that the error has not occurred.

Abstract: A communication method of an application processor includes generating a plurality of files; generating a file set channel by transmitting a first pattern of input/output (I/O) requests to a storage device, the I/O requests being I/O requests corresponding to files from among the plurality of files; and transmitting first bit data to the storage device via the file set channel, the first bit data being transmitted using file set signaling, the file set signaling including a second pattern of I/O requests corresponding to first files from among the plurality of files such that each file in the plurality of files represents a bit of the first bit data.

Abstract: A method for operating a nonvolatile memory device including a nonvolatile memory and a memory controller configured to control the nonvolatile memory. The method includes receiving a read request, determining whether the received read request is a merged request, splitting the received read request into at least two read requests and executing the at least two read requests if the received read request is the merged request, and executing the received read request if the received read request is not the merged request.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a strip level substrate having a plurality of unit level substrate regions partitioned by unit saw lines, including: a plurality of wiring layers and a plurality of insulating layers that are alternately stacked; and warpage preventing members disposed in unit saw line regions of an insulating layer bonded to a carrier member among the plurality of insulating layers, in order to improve warpage characteristics of the strip level substrate.

Abstract: Present invention provides a method and system for providing an extended social network service (SNS), the method and system enabling a user logged in an SNS to receive information in the form of newsfeed not only from users who have a friend relationship with the logged-in user in the SNS but also from users who have an acquaintance relationship with the logged-in user through the friend relationship. Present invention also provide a method and system for providing an extended SNS, the method and system adding information about a friend relationship-based connection path between a user logged in an SNS and each user who has an acquaintance relationship with the logged-in user to content shared between them, so that the reliability of the shared content can be determined.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a printed circuit board and a method of manufacturing the same. The printed circuit board according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention may include: an insulating layer; a first via depressed from one surface of the insulating layer; a second via depressed from the other surface of the insulating layer; and a circuit pattern formed in the insulating layer and bonded to the first and second vias.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a printed circuit board and a method of manufacturing the same. The printed circuit board according to the present invention may include: a plurality of circuit layers; and a plurality of insulating layers interposed between the plurality of circuit layers, wherein two adjacent insulating layers of the plurality of insulating layers have different thicknesses.

Abstract: Provided is a method of writing data of a storage system. The method includes causing a host to issue a first writing command; causing the host, when a queue depth of the first writing command is a first value, to store the first writing command in an entry which is assigned in advance and is included in a cache; causing the host to generate a writing completion signal for the first writing command; and causing the host to issue a second writing command.

Abstract: Provided are a cache migration management method and a host system configured to perform the cache migration management method. The cache migration management method includes: moving, in response to a request for cache migration with respect to first data stored in a main storage device, the first data and second data related to the first data from the main storage device to a cache storage device; and adding information about the first data moved to the cache storage device and the second data moved to the cache storage device, the moving of the first data and the second data to the cache storage device including storing the first data moved to the cache storage device and the second data moved to the cache storage device at continuous physical addresses of the cache storage device in an order in which the first data and the second data are to be loaded to a host device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a jawbone distraction system and control method thereof, including a jawbone extension apparatus, a remote controller and a monitor, the jawbone distractor being configured to allow a horizontal shift of alveolar bone as well as performing vertical jawbone distraction, being precisely controlled in a wireless mode and configured to control a drive of the jawbone distractor through the remote controller while ascertaining a driving state by the monitor.

Abstract: An operating method of a user system having a host and a memory system, the memory system having first and second storage devices, includes deleting a first original file stored in the first storage device, using the host; generating, at the host, a comparison result by performing a comparison operation based on first delete information of the first original file and a mapping table; sending converted delete information from the host to the memory system when the comparison result indicates that a first copied file is stored in the second storage device, the first copied file being a copy of the first original file; and setting a page of the second storage device, in which the first copied file is stored, to an invalid page based on the converted delete information, using the memory system. The host recognizes the first storage device as a main device of the memory system.

Abstract: A memory system is provided with a processor, a main memory, and a flash memory. Performance of the memory system is improved through achievement of speed-up and high data reliability. The memory system includes a nonvolatile memory device and a controller configured to drive a control program to control the nonvolatile memory device. The control program executes a second access operation for the nonvolatile memory device even before a first access operation to the nonvolatile memory device is completed.

Abstract: A memory system is provided with a processor, a main memory, and a flash memory. Performance of the memory system is improved through achievement of speed-up and high data reliability. The memory system includes a nonvolatile memory device and a controller configured to drive a control program to control the nonvolatile memory device. The control program executes a second access operation for the nonvolatile memory device even before a first access operation to the nonvolatile memory device is completed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for testing an LED lamp which includes: a secured seat on which the LED lamp is seated; an up and down shifter which, when the LED lamp is seated on the secured seat, shifts from an initial position spaced upward from the LED lamp to a measurement position in which the up and down shifter contacts with a socket of the LED lamp, and which supplies electric power to the LED lamp when the up and down shifter is placed in the measurement position, and a sensor sensing that the up and down shifter is placed in the measurement position; and a quality determining means determining a quality of the LED lamp based on light emitted from the LED lamp, and comprising an illuminometer or a luminance meter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for operating a test apparatus for an LED lamp. The method includes: forming a self-holding circuit by switching on a first switching means such that an up and down shifter provided in the test apparatus for the LED lamp moves down; moving down and stopping the up and down shifter from a determined initial position to a measurement position; measuring the quality of the LED lamp equipped with the test apparatus for the LED lamp; releasing the self-holding circuit by switching on the second switching means such that the up and down shifter moves up; and moving up and down shifter from the measurement position to the determined initial position.

Abstract: A memory system is provided with a processor, a main memory, and a flash memory. Performance of the memory system is improved through achievement of speed-up and high data reliability. The memory system includes a nonvolatile memory device and a controller configured to drive a control program to control the nonvolatile memory device. The control program executes a second access operation for the nonvolatile memory device even before a first access operation to the nonvolatile memory device is completed.

Abstract: A memory system is provided with a processor, a main memory, and a flash memory. Performance of the memory system is improved through achievement of speed-up and high data reliability. The memory system includes a nonvolatile memory device and a controller configured to drive a control program to control the nonvolatile memory device. The control program executes a second access operation for the nonvolatile memory device even before a first access operation to the nonvolatile memory device is completed.