Abstract: By using a unique ID generated by considering the hardware characteristic of PC in PDA where an application program, etc. distributed based on PC is installed, it makes possible to generate and authenticate a virtual unique ID in PDA so as to authenticate drive of the application in PDA. As such, the file size of a distributed edition is small in its characteristic and it is difficult to have a protecting means such as security, etc. in view of the characteristic of device. Hence, illegal distribution is easy and a more certain solution is provided so as to prevent illegal copy of the application in PDA having a feasible characteristic in protecting copyright.

Abstract: There is provided a method of chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) and a method of fabricating a semiconductor device using the same. The method includes forming a layer to be polished on a semiconductor substrate including a normally polished region and a dished region, and forming a dishing (i.e., over-polishing)-preventing layer on the layer to be polished in the region where dishing may occur. Then, the layer to be polished is polished while dishing thereof is prevented using the dishing-preventing layer. Accordingly, the dishing-preventing layer is formed in the region where the dishing (i.e., over-polishing) may occur, so that the dishing is prevented from occurring in a region where pattern density is low and a pattern size is large in the process of CMP.

Abstract: Methods of measuring a mean-to-target (MTT) based on pattern area measurements are provided including providing a design pattern. A plurality of design pattern measurements are measured for calculating an area of the design pattern based on a shape of the design pattern. A series of calculation measurements are calculated by continuously substituting a same variation into the design pattern measurements, and calculating a series of calculation areas corresponding respectively to the calculation measurements to generate a database including the calculation measurements and the calculation areas. An actual pattern is formed using the design pattern and an area of the actual pattern is measured. A calculation area corresponding to the area of the actual pattern is selected from the database and calculation measurements corresponding to the calculation area are selected. A difference between the design pattern measurements and the calculation measurements is calculated and the difference is set as an MTT.

Abstract: A wireless communication system includes a heterogeneous wireless station for transmitting and receiving a heterogeneous wireless station signal; and a detection and avoidance device for detecting the heterogeneous wireless station signal, and for transmitting and receiving an ultra-wideband signal, the ultra-wideband signal with a reduced output or the ultra-wideband signal shifted to another ultra-wideband or ultra-wideband group in order to prevent interference with the heterogeneous wireless station based on a predetermined level.

Abstract: Provided is a radio frequency transceiver. The radio frequency transceiver includes: a receiving unit for converting a radio frequency signal received by an antenna into an intermediate signal based on an intermediate local signal; a transmitting unit for converting an intermediate signal into a radio frequency signal based on a radio frequency local signal; and a local signal generating unit for generating the intermediate local signal and the radio frequency local signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a user preference-based data adaptation service system and method. More particularly, the present invention relates to a user preference-based data adaptation service system and method capable of providing a data adaptation service that appropriately converts a file in consideration of a difference between the platforms of different kinds of devices in order to share the file, and reflecting an exact user preference in consideration of the surrounding environments, such as, the performance of the device and a network.

Abstract: An apparatus for collision resolution among home networking stations using carrier sense. More specifically, an apparatus for collision resolution among home networking stations using Media Access Control (MAC) in the HomePNA 2.0 specification for constructing home networks is provided. The apparatus provides collision resolution to a larger number of stations than the number of stations protected by the HomePNA specification. In addition, the apparatus prevents the generation of errors caused by incorrect calculation of the number of back-off signals in the case of a carrier sense signal.

Abstract: An ultra wide band (UWB)-based wireless bridge converts wired serial data into a UWB signal with a quality of service, transmits it wirelessly, and inverts the UWB signal into wired serial data. The UWB-based wireless bridge includes: a physical layer processing portion; a protocol converting block; a UWB signal transceiving portion; and a control portion.

Abstract: A convertible computer is equipped with a notebook computer function and a tablet computer function. When a system power supply is turned on, a functionality or physical configuration such as rotation state of a display module can be detected, and an environment can be controlled such as an operating system (OS) for a tablet computer or notebook computer is selectively booted. Input signals of input units can also be controlled in an activation or inactivation state according to a system mode. An operation of switch sensing an open/closed state of a liquid crystal display (LCD) can be controlled by a signal generated by the rotation operation of the display module. In a state in which at least one control value necessary for setting a system environment is stored in a memory, the system mode switching operation is monitored and the system environment is set according to the switched system mode.

Abstract: A convertible computer is equipped with a notebook computer function and a tablet computer function. When a system power supply is turned on, a functionality or physical configuration such as rotation state of a display module can be detected, and an environment can be controlled such as an operating system (OS) for a tablet computer or notebook computer is selectively booted. Input signals of input units can also be controlled in an activation or inactivation state according to a system mode. An operation of switch sensing an open/closed state of a liquid crystal display (LCD) can be controlled by a signal generated by the rotation operation of the display module. In a state in which at least one control value necessary for setting a system environment is stored in a memory, the system mode switching operation is monitored and the system environment is set according to the switched system mode.

Abstract: A constellation mapping apparatus, which can reduce the storage capacity of a memory to one fourth by only storing constellation points in one quadrant of each constellation map rather than storing all the constellation points in each of the constellation maps, is provided. The constellation mapping apparatus includes a memory, an address generation block, a complementation logic block, and a scaling block. In the memory, constellation values in one of four quadrants of each constellation. The address generation block receives constellation point data, bits-per-symbol information, and valid symbol information indicating whether or not the bits-per-symbol information is valid, and generates address information of the memory where the constellation values corresponding to the constellation point data are stored and quadrant information indicating a quadrant where the constellation point data are placed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chiral inorganic-organic composite porous material in which cationic chiral organic molecules are present as charge-balancing cations in a porous material containing charge-balancing cations, as well as a method for preparing the same by an ion exchange process. The chiral inorganic-organic composite porous material according to the present invention is excellent in stability, selectivity and durability, and thus, will be useful as a chiral-selective catalyst or a material of separating an isomeric mixture.

Abstract: A convertible computer is equipped with a notebook computer function and a tablet computer function. When a system power supply is turned on, a functionality or physical configuration such as rotation state of a display module can be detected, and an environment can be controlled such as an operating system (OS) for a tablet computer or notebook computer is selectively booted. Input signals of input units can also be controlled in an activation or inactivation state according to a system mode. An operation of switch sensing an open/closed state of a liquid crystal display (LCD) can be controlled by a signal generated by the rotation operation of the display module. In a state in which at least one control value necessary for setting a system environment is stored in a memory, the system mode switching operation is monitored and the system environment is set according to the switched system mode.

Abstract: Simultaneously with a robust watermark and fragile watermark or semi-watermark is embedded into conventional securities, etc., such as gift coupon, various kinds of ticket, coupon, electronic stamp, bond & debenture, note, stock certificate, lottery, paper money, check, etc. and various kinds of public documents including certificates, etc. requiring confirmation and authentication (hereinafter, referred to as “securities, etc.”) in the form of digital file. Such watermark-embedded securities, etc. are conveniently issued on-line and are printed out in the form of paper through a printer. The printed securities, etc. are used off-line and are authenticated by determining the forgery or alternation by means of photocopy, etc. through the detection of the embedded watermark.

Abstract: A voltage generator that prevents latch-up includes: a charge pump circuit that is controlled by first through third enable signals, boosts an internal power voltage generated from an external power voltage, and generates first through fourth voltages; a detector that detects the first through third voltages and generates first through third flag signals that go logic high when the first through third voltages reach predetermined respective voltage levels and maintain logic low when the voltages do not reach the predetermined respective voltage levels; and a charge pump controller that receives the first through third flag signals, and generates the first through third enable signals to have the first through fourth voltages sequentially generated. The voltage generator can prevent latch-up that may occur in a boosting mode or in a normal operation mode.

Abstract: An LCD device and a method for manufacturing the same is disclosed, in which it is possible to correct a problem of insufficient or excessive supply of liquid crystal in an LCD device by controlling an amount of liquid crystal. The method includes preparing a liquid crystal cell comprised of a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates, and a first sealant formed in the periphery of the liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; measuring an amount of liquid crystal provided to the inside of liquid crystal cell; forming an inlet for liquid crystal in the first sealant; and regulating the amount of liquid crystal by supplying or discharging the liquid crystal through the inlet; and sealing the inlet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus and method for producing a document verifiable for its forgery or alteration, and apparatus and method for authenticating the document. A barcode is generated based on the information included in the document, and also watermark is generated based on the information included in the document. The generated barcode and watermark are combined, and the combined barcode and watermark are inserted in the document so as to produce the document. When authenticating the document, the document is detected so as to extract the barcode inserted in the document and the information included in the extracted barcode and the information included in the document are compared, and also the document is detected so as to extract the watermark inserted in the document and the information included in the extracted watermark and the information included in the document are compared.

Abstract: Disclosed is a buffer-based adaptive media playout method in a receiver side of a network media streaming system. The method includes: calculating a playout interval for playing out a current j-th frame (where j is a natural number) of a received media stream; and playing out the current j-th frame after the calculated playout interval has elapsed from the reception of the current j-th frame. The calculation of the playout interval for playing out the current j-th frame of the received media stream includes: calculating a buffer level of a (j+w)-th frame (where w is a natural number); estimating a playout pause or a playout skip on the basis of the calculated buffer level; and calculating the playout interval for playing out the current j-th frame for the predicted one of the playout pause and the playout skip.

Abstract: Methods of forming non-volatile memory devices include steps to define features that enhance shielding of electronic interference between adjacent floating gate electrodes and improve leakage current and threshold voltage characteristics. These features also support improved leakage current and threshold voltage characteristics in string selection transistors that are coupled to non-volatile memory cells.

Abstract: A CardBus PC Card type wireless transmitting/receiving device performs a wireless data transmission/reception operation between a plurality of notebook PCs and an MB-OFDM (Multiband Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) UWB (Ultra Wide Band) type piconet coordinator. The device includes a wireless 1394 device, built in the notebook PC in the form of a CardBus PC Card, for converting a CardBus PC Card access signal of the notebook PC into an MB-OFDM UWB signal to transmit the converted MB-OFDM UWB signal, and inversely converting a received MB-OFDM UWB signal into a CardBus PC Card access signal of the notebook PC. The device can easily be built in a notebook PC, has a simple structure with a low cost, has a very high wireless transmission speed of 55 to 480 Mbps in comparison to the existing IEEE 802.11b type wireless 1394 bridge device in the form of an external IEEE 1394 adapter, and guarantees the QoS (Quality of Service) using the IEEE802.15.3 type MAC to provide a high-quality service to users.