Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for transmitting broadcast data in a digital broadcasting service system. The apparatus includes a server terminal for receiving a digital broadcast transport stream from a digital broadcast service provider, removing a header used for the digital broadcast reception from the received broadcast stream, and transmitting a stream of broadcast data from which the header has been removed; and at least one client terminal for accessing the server terminal through an Internet Protocol (IP) network, and receiving and outputting the stream of broadcast data from which the header has been removed. The apparatus enables the user to view DVB-H broadcasts through an existing terminal, even without buying a terminal having the ability to receive a DVB-H transport stream.

Abstract: The invention is related to methods and apparatus that recover usable video data from partially corrupted data. Embodiments inspect corrupted data packets and identify the location or locations of an error, whether the corrupted data packet contains data expected to be error-free, and whether the error-free data should be used. Decoding of a packet in both the forward direction and the backward direction can be used to locate a position of an error. Intra-coded macroblocks can also be recovered. A decoder can elect to use or to drop an intra-coded macroblock recovered from a corrupted data packet according to further criteria that is applied to the recovered intra-coded macroblock. One embodiment inspects video bitstream data that has been encoded with an optional data partitioning feature enabled, and retrieves specified data in areas of a corrupted packet that are expected to be free from error.

Abstract: A streaming service providing method adaptive to dynamic network changes is provided. The streaming service providing method includes requesting a quality of service (QoS) adapter to provide adaptive services if a QoS manager, which allocates network resources among QoS devices processing media streams, does not accept a request to provide the adaptive services, wherein the QoS adapter determines a level of the adaptive services supportable by a network; and providing the adaptive services to the network.

Abstract: A substrate bonding apparatus for a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel is disclosed that subdivides its venting holes, thereby achieving an enhancement in uniformity of venting. The substrate bonding apparatus that bonds a first substrate and a second substrate using a venting process, includes a lower chucking plate which chucks the second substrate, and an upper chucking plate which includes a plurality of blocks each including a main venting hole, wherein the upper chucking plate chucks the first substrate in accordance with a chucking operation of the blocks, and subsequently releases the chucked first substrate such that the first substrate falls down toward the second substrate.

Abstract: Example embodiments relate to a method of forming a conductive structure. Other example embodiments relate to a method of forming a conductive structure capable of storing or transmitting electric charges. In example embodiments, when a conductive structure including first and second conductive patterns extending in a first horizontal direction is formed, at least one of the first and second conductive patterns may decreases in size. When the conductive structure is vertically bisected in a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction to form conductive members, a coupling effect generated between the conductive members adjacent to each other may be reduced.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for achieving precise manufacturing of drain passages such as those used for oil return and blow-by gas discharge in a cylinder block. Grid-like oil drain passage and corresponding core structures are disclosed herein; the oil drain passage structure comprises a plurality of vertical passages that are arranged longitudinally with respect to the cylinder block, wherein the vertical passages are interconnected by a connecting passage that runs longitudinally through the central portions of the vertical passages.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a HI-nitride semiconductor light-emitting device having high external quantum efficiency, provides a HI-nitride compound semiconductor light-emitting device including an active layer generating light by recombination of electrons and holes and containing gallium and nitrogen, an n-type Al(x)ln(y)Ga(1-x-y)N layer epitaxially grown before the active layer is grown, and an n-type electrode electrically contacting with the n-type Al(x)ln(y)Ga(1x-y)N layer, in which the n-type Al(x)ln(y)Ga(1-x-y)N layer has a surface which is exposed by etching and includes a region for scribing and breaking the device and a region for contact with the n-type electrode, and the surface of the region for scribing and breaking the device is rough-ened, thereby it is possible to increase external quantum efficiency of the light-emitting device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a wireless network to maintain a QOS is provided. The apparatus includes a resource calculating unit which calculates resources needed to transmit packets if a transmission rate of a network changes, a comparing unit which compares the calculated resources and resources allotted by an access point of the network; and a control unit which determines whether to request additional resources by using a result of the comparison by the comparing unit.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device may include a substrate having a cell region, and a cell device isolation layer on the cell region of the substrate to define a cell active region. A floating gate may include a lower floating gate and an upper floating gate sequentially stacked on the cell active region, and a tunnel insulation pattern may be between the floating gate and the cell active region. A control gate electrode may be on the floating gate, and a blocking insulation pattern may be between the control gate electrode and the floating gate. More particularly, the upper floating gate may include a flat portion on the lower floating gate and a pair of wall portions extending upward from both edges of the flat portion adjacent to the cell device isolation layer. Moreover, a width of an upper portion of a space surrounded by the flat portion and the pair of wall portions may be larger than a width of a lower portion of the space. Related methods are also discussed.

Abstract: A circuit board inspection system combining an X-RAY inspection and a visual inspection comprises a transfer unit (3) that lands an inspected object (1) safely thereon and transfers the inspected object (1) to a predetermined position; a light generating unit (5) that is installed below the transfer unit (3) and emits a light having a predetermined wavelength to the inspected object (1); a light amplifying unit (7) that is installed on the opposite side of the light generating unit (5) to convert and amplify a predetermined light that transmits the inspected object (1) into a visible light; an optical unit (9) that optically illuminates the inspected object (1) to create a visual image; and a camera (11) that receives an X-ray image amplified through the light amplifying unit (7) or a visual image by the optical unit (9) to obtain information.

Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor device includes forming an insulating layer on a semiconductor substrate. The insulating layer has a trench therein with opposing sidewalls and a bottom surface. A first conductive layer is formed on the sidewalls and on the bottom surface of the trench to define a gap region. A portion of the first conductive layer is removed to thereby increase a width of the gap region. The first conductive layer may be removed from the sidewalls and the bottom surface of the trench such that an upper width of the gap region is greater than or equal to a lower width of the gap region. A second conductive layer is formed in the gap region after removing the portion of the first conductive layer to fill the gap region.

Abstract: There is provided a method of chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) and a method of fabricating a semiconductor device using the same. The method includes forming a layer to be polished on a semiconductor substrate including a normally polished region and a dished region, and forming a dishing (i.e., over-polishing)-preventing layer on the layer to be polished in the region where dishing may occur. Then, the layer to be polished is polished while dishing thereof is prevented using the dishing-preventing layer. Accordingly, the dishing-preventing layer is formed in the region where the dishing (i.e., over-polishing) may occur, so that the dishing is prevented from occurring in a region where pattern density is low and a pattern size is large in the process of CMP.

Abstract: Methods of forming non-volatile memory devices include steps to define features that enhance shielding of electronic interference between adjacent floating gate electrodes and improve leakage current and threshold voltage characteristics. These features also support improved leakage current and threshold voltage characteristics in string selection transistors that are coupled to non-volatile memory cells.

Abstract: A wireless USB host apparatus supporting UWB is disclosed. The wireless USB host apparatus allocates a MAS of USB super frame to each of a plurality of wireless USB devices to transmit the real-time audio/video data as well as command data, control data and non real-time data through a single transmission channel. Also, the wireless USB host apparatus uses the ultra wide band to exchange data with the plurality of wireless USB devices to support the data transfer rate of about 53.3 to 480 Mbps, guarantees the QoS and supports transmission of the real-time audio/video data. Furthermore, the wireless USB host apparatus is easy to install, has simple structure and requires low manufacturing cost.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for achieving precise manufacturing of drain passages such as those used for oil return and blow-by gas discharge in a cylinder block. Grid-like oil drain passage and corresponding core structures are disclosed herein; the oil drain passage structure comprises a plurality of vertical passages that are arranged longitudinally with respect to the cylinder block, wherein the vertical passages are interconnected by a connecting passage that runs longitudinally through the central portions of the vertical passages.

Abstract: A seal hardening furnace is presented in which seal lines in a liquid crystal display panel are hardened. The seal hardening furnace includes a cassette having a rack bar structure. The rack bar structure has rack bars for supporting the substrate along one direction and rack bar supports at ends of the rack bars that support the rack bars. The rack bars have air discharge openings therein. An air injecting passage is connected to the rack bar supports. An air supply unit supplies air through the air injecting passage and through the discharge openings to support the substrate thereon.

Abstract: A record control apparatus for use in a broadcast signal receiver including a stream storage unit descrambles a scrambled record file, and records the descrambled record file. The apparatus includes: a broadcast stream record/reproduction controller for controlling recording/reproducing operations of a scrambled broadcast stream, and storing information indicative of a reproduction stop point when reproduction of the scrambled record broadcast stream is halted; a descrambler for descrambling a reproduced broadcast stream; a reproduction stream record/reproduction controller for controlling recording/reproducing operations of the broadcast stream descrambled by the descrambler; and a broadcast stream reproduction restarting request unit for requesting a reproduction restarting operation of the reproduction-halted broadcast stream from the reproduction stop point when the descrambler can be used to descramble the reproduction-halted record broadcast stream.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for performing a reserved recording function in a broadcast signal recorder. A reserved recording method for use in the broadcast signal recorder capable of recording a received broadcast signal in a recording medium includes the steps of: receiving reserved recording time information and reserved recording channel information, and storing the received time and channel information; determining whether a user views the reserved recording channel information at the reserved recording time; and deleting the stored reserved recording time and channel information if it is determined that the user views the reserved recording channel information at the reserved recording time.

Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor device includes forming an insulating layer on a semiconductor substrate. The insulating layer has a trench therein with opposing sidewalls and a bottom surface. A first conductive layer is formed on the sidewalls and on the bottom surface of the trench to define a gap region. A portion of the first conductive layer is removed to thereby increase a width of the gap region. The first conductive layer may be removed from the sidewalls and the bottom surface of the trench such that an upper width of the gap region is greater than or equal to a lower width of the gap region. A second conductive layer is formed in the gap region after removing the portion of the first conductive layer to fill the gap region.

Abstract: The invention is related to methods and apparatus that conceal errors in images of a corrupted video bitstream. One embodiment conceals errors in a missing or corrupted intra-coded macroblock by linearly interpolating data from other macroblocks that correspond to portions of the image above and below the missing or corrupted macroblock. One embodiment can utilize substitute motion vectors for a missing or corrupted predictive-coded macroblock. Another embodiment doubles the received motion vectors and references the doubled motion vectors to a previous-previous frame. Another embodiment adaptively selects which concealment or reconstruction technique is applied according to projected error estimates. Another embodiment conceals errors by replacing corrupted or missing data by combining concealment data in a weighted sum to reduce an estimated error.