Abstract: A photomask assembly includes a mask pattern providing an upper surface and including a plurality of pins extending in a vertical direction with respect to the upper surface, a pellicle membrane disposed to be spaced apart from the mask pattern in the vertical direction, and a frame assembly configured to support the pellicle membrane, wherein the frame assembly includes a frame body having a plurality of pin holes configured to respectively fasten the plurality of pins, a first magnetic member configured to surround the plurality of pin holes inside the frame body and generate an attractive force on the plurality of pins, and a second magnetic member disposed in a lower portion of the frame body and configured to generate an attractive force on the upper surface of the mask pattern.

Abstract: Embodiments of medical treatment including skin treatment using electrical energy, especially with the primary purpose for skin treatment for aesthetics are described generally herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating dermatological tissue including a user holdable device having an end defining a surface configured to receive and capable of being releasably coupled to a needle module that includes a movable needle assembly having a plurality of needles that is located past the end of the device when the module is releasably coupled to the device. The device includes a motor capable of moving the assembly to deploy the needles to penetrate dermatological tissue to a selectable desired depth. The apparatus includes a signal generator capable of being coupled to the needles to provide a radio frequency signal having a selectable intensity; at least one processor configured to provide a signal to cause the motor to deploy the needles to the desired depth and a signal to cause the signal generator to provide the intensity of the radio frequency signal to the needles; and at least one display.

Abstract: Disclosed is a storage device, which includes a nonvolatile memory device, and a controller that controls the nonvolatile memory device. In response to a first command, a barrier command, and a second command being received from an external host device, the controller supports an order guarantee between the first command and the second command. Each of the first command and the second command is selected from two or more different commands. In response to a request from the external host device, the controller circuitry is configured to provide the external host device with a device descriptor associated with the ordering.

Abstract: Embodiments of dermatological cell treatment are described generally herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: Embodiments of medical treatment including skin treatment using electrical energy, especially with the primary purpose for skin treatment for aesthetics are described generally herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating dermatological tissue, including at least two pins configured to be inserted in dermatological tissue to deliver electromagnetic energy to target dermatological tissue, and an electrical signal generator electrically coupled to the at least two pins, and creating a pulsed electrical signal across the at least two pins.

Abstract: A laser annealing method performed on a reflective photomask may include preparing a reflective photomask including a pattern area and a border area surrounding the pattern area and irradiating a laser beam onto the border area of the reflective photomask. The irradiating of the laser beam may include split-irradiating a plurality of laser beam spots onto the border area. Each of the plurality of laser beam spots may be shaped using a beam shaper. The beam shaper may include a blind area, a transparent area at a center of the blind area, and a semitransparent area between the blind area and the transparent area. Each of the plurality of laser beam spots may include a center portion passing through the transparent area and having a uniform energy profile and an edge portion passing through the semitransparent area and having an inclined energy profile.

Abstract: A laser annealing method performed on a reflective photomask may include preparing a reflective photomask including a pattern area and a border area surrounding the pattern area and irradiating a laser beam onto the border area of the reflective photomask. The irradiating of the laser beam may include split-irradiating a plurality of laser beam spots onto the border area. Each of the plurality of laser beam spots may be shaped using a beam shaper. The beam shaper may include a blind area, a transparent area at a center of the blind area, and a semitransparent area between the blind area and the transparent area. Each of the plurality of laser beam spots may include a center portion passing through the transparent area and having a uniform energy profile and an edge portion passing through the semitransparent area and having an inclined energy profile.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for correctly measuring a phase of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mask and a method of fabricating an EUV mask including the method are described. The apparatus for measuring the phase of the EUV mask includes an EUV light source configured to generate and output EUV light, at least one mirror configured to reflect the EUV light as reflected EUV light incident on an EUV mask to be measured, a mask stage on which the EUV mask is arranged, a detector configured to receive the EUV light reflected from the EUV mask, to obtain a two-dimensional (2D) image, and to measure reflectivity and diffraction efficiency of the EUV mask, and a processor configured to determine a phase of the EUV mask by using the reflectivity and diffraction efficiency of the EUV mask.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a photomask includes forming a photomask having a plurality of pattern elements, wherein the plurality of pattern elements include correction-target pattern elements having a critical dimension (CD) deviation; acquiring local CD correction information; directing a laser beam to a mirror array of a digital micromirror device (DMD), wherein the mirror array has mirrors arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns; converting the laser beam into a beam pattern array corresponding to the mirror array by controlling on/off switching of each of the mirrors based on the local CD correction information; forming a linear beam by focusing the beam pattern array through an optical system; applying an etchant to the photomask and directing the linear beam to the photomask and moving the linear beam to irradiate the photomask.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for correctly measuring a phase of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mask and a method of fabricating an EUV mask including the method are described. The apparatus for measuring the phase of the EUV mask includes an EUV light source configured to generate and output EUV light, at least one mirror configured to reflect the EUV light as reflected EUV light incident on an EUV mask to be measured, a mask stage on which the EUV mask is arranged, a detector configured to receive the EUV light reflected from the EUV mask, to obtain a two-dimensional (2D) image, and to measure reflectivity and diffraction efficiency of the EUV mask, and a processor configured to determine a phase of the EUV mask by using the reflectivity and diffraction efficiency of the EUV mask.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for correctly measuring a phase of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mask and a method of fabricating an EUV mask including the method are described. The apparatus for measuring the phase of the EUV mask includes an EUV light source configured to generate and output EUV light, at least one mirror configured to reflect the EUV light as reflected EUV light incident on an EUV mask to be measured, a mask stage on which the EUV mask is arranged, a detector configured to receive the EUV light reflected from the EUV mask, to obtain a two-dimensional (2D) image, and to measure reflectivity and diffraction efficiency of the EUV mask, and a processor configured to determine a phase of the EUV mask by using the reflectivity and diffraction efficiency of the EUV mask.

Abstract: A laser annealing method performed on a reflective photomask may include preparing a reflective photomask including a pattern area and a border area surrounding the pattern area and irradiating a laser beam onto the border area of the reflective photomask. The irradiating of the laser beam may include split-irradiating a plurality of laser beam spots onto the border area. Each of the plurality of laser beam spots may be shaped using a beam shaper. The beam shaper may include a blind area, a transparent area at a center of the blind area, and a semitransparent area between the blind area and the transparent area. Each of the plurality of laser beam spots may include a center portion passing through the transparent area and having a uniform energy profile and an edge portion passing through the semitransparent area and having an inclined energy profile.

Abstract: A laser annealing method performed on a reflective photomask may include preparing a reflective photomask including a pattern area and a border area surrounding the pattern area and irradiating a laser beam onto the border area of the reflective photomask. The irradiating of the laser beam may include split-irradiating a plurality of laser beam spots onto the border area. Each of the plurality of laser beam spots may be shaped using a beam shaper. The beam shaper may include a blind area, a transparent area at a center of the blind area, and a semitransparent area between the blind area and the transparent area. Each of the plurality of laser beam spots may include a center portion passing through the transparent area and having a uniform energy profile and an edge portion passing through the semitransparent area and having an inclined energy profile.

Abstract: Provided is a needle assembly including: a plurality of needles; a main body having a plurality of holes through which the plurality of needles pass in a first direction; and a fixing member coupled to the main body and having a plurality of fixed inclined surfaces supporting the plurality of needles.

Abstract: A correcting apparatus of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photomask includes: a support portion configured to support an EUV photomask having a main area in which a plurality of pattern elements are arranged, a chemical supply unit configured to supply a chemical to the main area, a light source unit configured to generate a laser beam, and a control unit configured to irradiate the laser beam to the chemical supplied to the main area of the EUV photomask and to, based a laser dosage map for correcting critical dimensions (CDs) of the plurality of pattern elements in the main area, adjust a dosage of the laser beam based on the laser dosage map such that among the plurality of pattern elements, pattern elements having different critical dimensions are etched at different etching rates.

Abstract: Embodiments of medical treatment including skin treatment using electrical energy, especially with the primary purpose for skin treatment for aesthetics are described generally herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: Embodiments of medical treatment including skin treatment using electrical energy, especially with the primary purpose for skin treatment for aesthetics are described generally herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: A method is provided. The method includes preparing a mask blank, the mask blank including a substrate, a reflective layer disposed on the substrate for reflecting extreme ultraviolet light, and a light absorbing layer disposed on the reflective layer; providing a photomask by forming a plurality of pattern elements having a target critical dimension from the light absorbing layer, wherein the plurality of pattern elements include a correction target pattern element to be corrected, and the correction target pattern element has a critical dimension different from the target critical dimension; identifying a correction target area of the photomask in which the correction target pattern element is disposed; applying an etchant to the photomask; and irradiating a laser beam to the correction target area while the etchant is provided on the photomask.