Abstract: A method of driving a display panel includes applying gate signals to gate lines of the display panel that extend in a first direction. A plurality of data lines extends in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. Pixels are defined by an intersection of the gate lines and the data lines. Common electrode contact pixels are provided, in which a common electrode is contacted with a gate electrode extruded from the gate line. A data signal having a first polarity and a data signal having a second polarity, inverse to the first polarity, are applied to an equal number of the common electrode contact pixels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an obstacle detecting apparatus and an obstacle detecting method and an exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides an obstacle detecting apparatus, including: a stereo camera which photographs a front of a vehicle to generate a left image and a right image; an image matching unit which applies a block matching algorithm to the left image and the right image to extract a plurality of feature points having a similarity which is equal to or larger than a reference value and calculate a coordinate and a depth of the plurality of extracted feature points; a plane calculating unit which connects every three feature points of the plurality of feature points to calculate a plurality of triangles, based on the coordinate and the depth of the plurality of feature points; a normal calculating unit which calculates directions of normal of the plurality of triangles, based on the coordinate and the depth of three feature points corresponding to vertexes of the plurality of tria

Abstract: Provided is an image processing apparatus for detecting pedestrians. The image processing apparatus includes a lane detecting module configured to extract a lane coordinate value from an input image and a pedestrian detecting module configured to set, as a pedestrian region of interest (ROI), a region between a first line passing through ends of first left and right lanes and a second line passing through ends of second left and right lanes which are respectively disposed above the left and right lanes, and search for the pedestrian ROI by using a predetermined window to detect a pedestrian region having a pedestrian feature.

Abstract: A method of driving a display panel includes applying gate signals to gate lines of the display panel that extend in a first direction. A plurality of data lines extends in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. Pixels are defined by an intersection of the gate lines and the data lines. Common electrode contact pixels are provided, in which a common electrode is contacted with a gate electrode extruded from the gate line. A data signal having a first polarity and a data signal having a second polarity, inverse to the first polarity, are applied to an equal number of the common electrode contact pixels.

Abstract: Provided is a case for a portable electronic device, including: a body in which the portable electronic device is accommodated; and a non-insertion type interface including an insertion type connector that is formed on an inner side of the body and that is inserted into an open type port formed at the portable electronic device and a non-insertion type port that is formed on an outer side of the body opposite to the side on which the insertion type connector is formed so as to be electrically connected to the insertion type connector and that causes a non-insertion type connector of a peripheral device to come into surface contact with the non-insertion type port using magnetism.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for charging a large number of electronic devices, the apparatus including: a body that provides a predetermined internal space; a door that is configured at a front side of the body and opens/closes a front portion of the body; a cradle that is disposed in the body and provides a plurality of accommodation spaces so that electronic devices can be accommodated in the plurality of accommodation spaces; and a charging connector that is configured at the cradle so as to correspond to the plurality of accommodation spaces of the cradle, that comes into non-insertion contact with a charging port of each of the electronic devices when the electronic devices are accommodated in the accommodation spaces and that supplies charging power from a power supply unit.

Abstract: Provided is an image processing apparatus for detecting pedestrians. The image processing apparatus includes a lane detecting module configured to extract a lane coordinate value from an input image and a pedestrian detecting module configured to set, as a pedestrian region of interest (ROI), a region between a first line passing through ends of first left and right lanes and a second line passing through ends of second left and right lanes which are respectively disposed above the left and right lanes, and search for the pedestrian ROI by using a predetermined window to detect a pedestrian region having a pedestrian feature.

Abstract: Provided is a universal serial bus (USB) memory including a non-insertion type connector that comes into non-insertion contact with a non-insertion type port of an electronic device using magnetism and enables data transmission/reception with the electronic device, wherein the non-insertion type connector includes: a magnetic coupling member that is formed on a contact surface of a body and comes into surface contact with a magnetic coupling member formed on a contact surface of the non-insertion type port using magnetism; and a contact terminal that is formed on the contact surface and comes into non-insertion contact with the contact terminal when the magnetic coupling members are coupled to each other using magnetism, thereby enabling reciprocal power supply and data transmission.

Abstract: Provided is a case for a portable electronic device, including: a body in which the portable electronic device is accommodated; and a non-insertion type interface including an insertion type connector that is formed at an opposite side of the body and that is inserted into an open type port formed at the portable electronic device and a non-insertion type port that is formed at a different side from the side at which the insertion type connector is formed so as to be electrically connected to the insertion type connector and that causes the non-insertion type connector of the peripheral device to come into surface contact with the non-insertion type port using magnetism.

Abstract: Provided is a tablet personal computer (PC) having a non-insertion type port, the tablet PC including a non-insertion type port to which a non-insertion type connector of a cradle is connected using magnetism and which supplies input signals of a peripheral device connected to a non-insertion type port of the cradle using magnetism to a control unit or which supplies output signals of the control unit to the peripheral device, wherein the non-insertion type port includes: a magnetic coupling member that is formed on a contact surface of a body and comes into surface contact with a magnetic coupling member formed on a contact surface of the non-insertion type connector using magnetism; and a contact terminal that is formed on the contact surface of the body and causes a contact terminal of the non-insertion type connector to come into non-insertion contact with the contact terminal when the magnetic coupling members are coupled to each other using magnetism, thereby enabling reciprocal power supply and data tr

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus of forming a solar radiation model applying topographical effects, the method comprising: calculating a slope angle and a slope aspect of a selected point on a digital elevation model data; calculating a final direct solar radiation of the selected point; calculating a final diffuse solar radiation of the selected point using the slope angle of the selected point, a sky-view factor of the selected point, and a diffuse solar radiation on the horizontal surface of the selected point; and calculating a global solar radiation using the final direct solar radiation and the final diffuse solar radiation.

Abstract: A method of providing a one layer solar radiation model for calculation of insolation includes: calculating direct solar radiation at a selected position, based on extraterrestrial radiation, eccentricity of the earth from the sun, and transmittance of gases in the atmosphere; calculating final diffuse solar radiation at the selected position, by using diffuse solar radiation due to air molecules, diffuse solar radiation due to aerosol, and multi-diffuse solar radiation with the atmosphere and the surface of the earth; accumulating the calculated direct solar radiation and final diffuse solar radiation for a predetermined wavelength region; calculating the direct solar radiation reaching the surface of the earth and the final diffuse solar radiation reaching the surface of the earth by applying the amount of cloud; and calculating global solar radiation at the selected positions.

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus of developing a high-resolution solar meteorological resource map based on meteorological data, the method comprisingincluding: generating a grid with a predetermined length for a selected region on a map and setting resolution corresponding to a size of the grid; converting digital elevation model data and albedo data of the earth's surface into the resolution corresponding to the size of the grid; converting meteorological data into the resolution corresponding to the size of the grid; calculating a global solar radiation using the digital elevation model data, the albedo data of the earth's surface and the meteorological data as converted above; accumulating the calculated global solar radiation during a fixed period; and generating a solar meteorological resource map using the accumulated global solar radiation.

Abstract: Contact resistance of a semiconductor device may be reduced, and thereby the reliability of the semiconductor device may be enhanced, when a metal line is formed in a semiconductor device according to a method including: (i) forming a metal layer on a semiconductor substrate; (ii) forming a groove on an upper surface of the metal layer by etching the metal layer; (iii) etching the metal layer so as to form a groove-engraved lower metal line that is wider than the groove; (iv) forming an insulator layer covering the semiconductor substrate and the groove-engraved lower metal line; (v) etching the insulator layer so as to form a contact hole exposing the groove; and (vi) forming a contact electrode filling the contact hole and an upper metal line connected thereto, above the insulator layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a modified asphalt composition obtained by blending asphalt with a complex block copolymer, which is prepared by polymerizing styrene in the presence of an anionic polymerization initiator to prepare a polystyrene solution, adding butadiene to the polystyrene solution, and then further polymerizing styrene, and wherein a triblock copolymer and diblock copolymer are present at a specific proportion. The modified asphalt composition of the present invention exhibits superior ductility at low temperature, while exhibiting comparable or better softening point as compared to conventional compositions, and, thus, is applicable to road paving, waterproof sheets and sealants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a film-forming composition for hard capsules comprising fish gelatin and its preparation method, and more particularly to a film-forming composition for hard capsules comprising fish gelatin using transglutaminase, the composition being able to be dried at 15 -25° C., and its preparation method. In the present invention, the problems caused due to the characteristics of fish gelatin having a low gelling temperature were solved by employing transglutaminase in the preparation of hard capsules using fish gelatin. Accordingly, the composition according to the present invention, its preparation method and the hard capsules and films comprising the composition may be useful to apply to a variety of industrial fields such as medicines, foods, etc.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may be manufactured by a method that includes forming an etch stop layer on a semiconductor substrate, sequentially forming a first interlayer insulating layer, a first diffusion barrier, a second interlayer insulating layer, and a second diffusion barrier on the etch stop layer, forming a via hole exposing the etch stop layer by etching the second diffusion barrier, the second interlayer insulating layer, the first diffusion barrier, and the first interlayer insulating layer, forming a first trench overlapping the via hole by etching the second diffusion barrier and the second interlayer insulating layer, forming a second trench continuous to the first trench by etching the first diffusion barrier and part of the first interlayer insulating layer, and removing the etch stop layer exposed through the via hole, wherein the first and second trenches are etched under different dry etching conditions.

Abstract: Methods for forming a copper interconnect of a semiconductor device are disclosed. A disclosed method comprises forming a lower metal interconnect; sequentially depositing a capping layer, a first insulating layer, and a second insulating layer on the lower metal interconnect; forming a via hole by etching the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer; forming a trench and terraces by etching the second insulating layer; and exposing at least a portion of the top surface of the lower metal interconnect by etching the capping layer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for cleaning a semiconductor device are disclosed. A disclosed method comprises forming a capping layer on top of a substrate including a bottom interconnect layer; depositing and patterning an insulating layer on the capping layer to form a damascene structure; etching a portion of the capping layer exposed by the damascene structure; and (d) removing polymers and copper impurities due to the etching by using a HF vapor gas.

Abstract: A method for forming a dual damascene interconnection in a semiconductor device, which is capable of preventing a lower metal film from being corroded. The method includes the steps of forming an etch stop film and an intermetal insulating film sequentially on a lower metal film to be interconnected, forming a via hole for exposing a portion of a surface of the etch stop film through the intermetal insulating film, and forming a trench having a width wider than that of the via hole on the intermetal insulating film. The method also includes the steps of exposing the lower metal film by removing the etch stop film by performing an etching process using an etching equipment of a dual plasma source, performing a nitrogen passivation process for the exposed lower metal film, and forming a barrier metal film and an upper metal film sequentially within the trench and the via hole.