Abstract: A plurality of conditional access (CA) clients are needed to receive services from a plurality of service, where the CA clients respectively correspond to the service providers. Thus, the CA clients should be installed into a broadcast receiver, and in this case, a method of managing the CA clients is needed. Provided are a method and apparatus for processing broadcast data by using a security client. The method includes determining a first security client based on a security client list, where the first security client is used to decrypt encrypted broadcast data and the security client list comprises information regarding each of security clients available which provide information necessary to decrypt the encrypted broadcast data; and decrypting the encrypted broadcast data by using the first security client. Accordingly, it is possible to allow a user to receive various services.

Abstract: A light emitting device having a vertical structure, a package thereof and a method for manufacturing the same, which are capable of damping impact generated in a substrate separation process, and achieving an improvement in mass productivity, are disclosed. The method includes growing a semiconductor layer having a multilayer structure over a substrate, forming a first electrode on the semiconductor layer, separating the substrate including the grown semiconductor layer into unit devices, bonding each of the separated unit devices on a sub-mount, separating the substrate from the semiconductor layer, and forming a second electrode on a surface of the semiconductor layer exposed in accordance with the separation of the substrate.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) having a vertical structure and a method for fabricating the same. The light emitting diode (LED) having a vertical structure includes a support layer; a first electrode formed on the support layer; a plurality of semiconductor layers formed on the first electrode; a conductive semiconductor layer formed on the plurality of semiconductor layers, and provided with an outer surface having a tilt angle of a designated degree; and a second electrode formed on the conductive semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A nitride-based light emitting device capable of achieving an enhancement in emission efficiency and an enhancement in reliability is disclosed. The light emitting device includes a semiconductor layer, and a light extracting layer arranged on the semiconductor layer and made of a material having a refractive index equal to or higher than a reflective index of the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A light emitting device having a vertical structure, which includes a semiconductor layer having a first surface and a second surface, a first electrode arranged on the first surface of the semiconductor layer, a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer arranged on the second surface of the semiconductor layer and a second electrode arranged on the TCO layer.

Abstract: An LED having vertical topology and a method of making the same is capable of improving a luminous efficiency and reliability, and is also capable of achieving mass productivity. The method includes forming a semiconductor layer on a substrate; forming a first electrode on the semiconductor layer; forming a supporting layer on the first electrode; generating an acoustic stress wave at the interface between the substrate and semiconductor layer, thereby separating the substrate from the semiconductor layer; and forming a second electrode on the semiconductor layer exposed by the separation of the substrate.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for controlling content. The method includes generating a user event corresponding to user input required for controlling the content when the user input is received, obtaining information regarding an application intended to process the user event, and generating user event scenario information into which the information regarding the application and information regarding the user event are combined. The apparatus includes a user event generator, an information obtaining unit, and an information generator.

Abstract: An LED having vertical topology and a method of making the same is capable of improving a luminous efficiency and reliability, and is also capable of achieving mass productivity. The method includes forming a semiconductor layer on a substrate; forming a first electrode on the semiconductor layer; forming a supporting layer on the first electrode; generating an acoustic stress wave at the interface between the substrate and semiconductor layer, thereby separating the substrate from the semiconductor layer; and forming a second electrode on the semiconductor layer exposed by the separation of the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a method of processing virtual image files, the method including displaying a file list, receiving an input for selecting a virtual image file or a title from the file list, and extracting and playing back the selected virtual image file or the selected title.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) having a vertical structure and a method for fabricating the same. The light emitting diode (LED) having a vertical structure includes a support layer; a first electrode formed on the support layer; a plurality of semiconductor layers formed on the first electrode; a conductive semiconductor layer formed on the plurality of semiconductor layer and provided with an outer surface having a tilt angle of a designated degree; and a second electrode formed on the conductive semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having a fuse structure that can prevent a bridge between a fuse pattern and a guard ring, and a method of fabricating the same are provided. The fuse pattern formed on a multiple-layered metal interconnect layer is stepped shape increasing a vertical distance between the fuse pattern and the guard ring.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device stores program data in a first address area, determines whether the first address area is a most significant address area and whether the program data is reliable data, and upon determining that the first address area is not a most significant address area and that the program data is reliable data, additionally stores the program data in a second address area.

Abstract: The method of operating the nonvolatile memory device may include performing a read operation on a first address region, comparing a read time of the first address region with a reference time, and storing read data from the read from the first address region in a second address region based on the comparison result.

Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor memory device. The semiconductor memory device includes first and second memory chips and a control logic configured to execute an interleave program between the first and second memory chips. The control logic receives write data to be written into first and second memory blocks of the first memory chip. If the first and second memory blocks are normal blocks, the control logic simultaneously performs a program operation for the first and second memory blocks. If one memory block of the first and second memory blocks is a bad block, the control logic writes the received write data corresponding to the one memory block into a storage circuit.

Abstract: An LED having vertical topology and a method of making the same is capable of improving a luminous efficiency and reliability, and is also capable of achieving mass productivity. The method includes forming a semiconductor layer on a substrate; forming a first electrode on the semiconductor layer; forming a supporting layer on the first electrode; generating an acoustic stress wave at the interface between the substrate and semiconductor layer, thereby separating the substrate from the semiconductor layer; and forming a second electrode on the semiconductor layer exposed by the separation of the substrate.

Abstract: A light emitting device having a vertical structure and a method for manufacturing the same, which are capable of increasing light extraction efficiency, are disclosed. The method includes forming a light extraction layer on a substrate, forming a plurality of semiconductor layers on the light extraction layer, forming a first electrode on the semiconductor layers, forming a support layer on the first electrode, removing the substrate, and forming a second electrode on a surface from which the substrate is removed.

Abstract: A method of communicating with a host in a security module providing information necessary for decrypting encrypted broadcast data received by the host, includes if an event occurs, characterizing the event as an event that a user of the host is to be notified about with regard to the decryption of the encrypted broadcast data, generating a user notification message including information about the event that occurred; and transmitting the user notification message to the host.

Abstract: A method of writing data to a flash memory in a system includes; receiving write data to be written in the flash memory, determining whether the received write data is random write data or sequential write data, if the received write data is sequential write data, then directly writing the received write data to the flash memory, and if the received write data is random write data, then writing the received write data to the random write cache, and flushing the random write data from the random write cache to the flash memory during idle periods for the flash memory.

Abstract: A light emitting device having a vertical structure and a method for manufacturing the same, which are capable of damping impact generated during a substrate separation process and achieving an improvement in mass productivity, are disclosed. The light emitting device includes a semiconductor layer having a multilayer structure, a first electrode arranged at one surface of the semiconductor layer, a metal support arranged on the first electrode, and an impact damping layer arranged between the first electrode and the metal support, and made of a metal having a ductility higher than a ductility of a metal for the metal support.

Abstract: A light emitting device having a vertical structure, which includes a semiconductor layer having a first surface and a second surface, a first electrode arranged on the first surface of the semiconductor layer, a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer arranged on the second surface of the semiconductor layer and a second electrode arranged on the TCO layer.