Abstract: A decoding device includes an acquisition unit configured to acquire a first frequency signal including a narrowband signal and a wideband signal, a direct inverse orthogonal transform unit configured to perform a direct matrix operation with respect to the narrowband signal of the first frequency signal so as to perform inverse orthogonal transform, and a high-speed inverse orthogonal transform unit configured to perform inverse orthogonal transform employing a high-speed operation method with respect to the wideband signal of the first frequency signal.

Abstract: A surface profile measuring apparatus of the invention has a changing section for changing the cross section of a flux of light to be projected onto a sample by a light projecting section in measuring a surface profile of the sample. The surface profile measuring apparatus having the above arrangement enables to measure the surface profile of the sample easily and precisely, without using different kinds of measuring apparatuses.

Abstract: Provided is a mask inspection apparatus including: emitting unit for emitting electron beams onto a sample; electron detecting unit for detecting the quantity of electrons produced, by the emission of the electron beams, from the sample with patterns formed thereon; image processing unit for generating image data for the patterns on the basis of the electron quantity; and controlling unit for controlling the emitting unit, the electron detecting unit, and the image processing unit. The controlling unit calculates, from the size of a designated observation area of the sample, a division number of divisional images that are synthesized to form a joint image that covers the entire designated observation area. The controlling unit determines divisional areas so that adjacent divisional areas partially overlap each other. The controlling unit acquires SEM images for the respective divisional areas.

Abstract: The image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a transfer member, a power supply unit including a first voltage generation circuit and a control unit that controls the power supply unit, wherein in the case where a voltage whose magnitude cannot be output by the first voltage generation circuit is output from the power supply unit to the transfer member in spite of driving the first piezoelectric transformer at the drive frequency in the first drive frequency area, the control unit controls the power supply unit to output the voltage to the transfer member by superposing a voltage output from the first voltage generation circuit by driving the first piezoelectric transformer at a frequency in the first drive frequency area with a voltage output from the second voltage generation circuit by driving the second piezoelectric transformer at a frequency in the second drive frequency area.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing a toner image; a rotatable intermediary transfer member onto which the toner image is to be primary-transferred from the image bearing member; a contact member movable toward and away from the intermediary transfer member; a voltage applying unit for applying a voltage to the contact member; a current detecting circuit for detecting a current passing through the contact member to which the voltage is applied by the voltage applying unit; and a control portion for effecting control so that the contact member is contacted to or separated from the intermediary transfer member.

Abstract: The metallic mold 90 includes a product configuration portion 93 formed between an upper mold 91 and a lower mold 92. This product configuration portion 93 is composed so that a rolling element accommodating belt 50 formed by this product configuration portion 93 can include spacer portions interposed between balls adjacent to each other in an infinite circulating passage and also include connecting arm portions for connecting the spacer portions to each other and so that the balls can be aligned in the alignment direction in the infinite circulating passage. The upper mold 91 has a splitting structure. In this splitting structure, a splitting position BL is set at a position passing through a position 91t for forming an end portion on the outer circumferential side in the inner and outer circumferential direction of the infinite circulating passage of the spacer portions 51.

Abstract: There is provided an ink set which suppresses adhesion and deposition of aggregates, has excellent removability of adhered deposits (maintenance properties), and suppresses the occurrence of image defects such as white streaks, so that the formation of high resolution images can be realized. The ink set has an aqueous ink composition which contains a self-dispersing pigment having a carboxyl group at the surface of the pigment, a water-soluble organic solvent, a phosphoric acid ester, and water; and a treatment liquid which contains a cationic polymer and which agglomerates the self-dispersing pigment when brought into contact with the aqueous ink composition.

Abstract: An electromagnetic shielding film for plasma display which is excellent in electromagnetic shielding characteristics for effectively shielding electromagnetic waves, near infrared rays, stray light, external light, and the like and even when stored under a wet heat condition, is small in change of color tint and good in adhesion, with a blackening layer hardly peeled away, is provided by a transparent electromagnetic shielding film including a transparent support having thereon a conductive metal layer in a pattern-like state having an electromagnetic shielding ability and having a surface covered by a blackening layer, with the blackening layer made of an alloy of nickel and zinc in a nickel/zinc mass ratio of from 0.5 to 50.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image forming method including ejecting an ink composition, using an ink jet apparatus, onto a recording medium thereby forming an image, the ink composition comprising a pigment, a water-soluble polymerizable monomer which is polymerized by actinic energy rays, and water, and the recording medium being composed of a base paper, a first layer including a binder, and a second layer including a white pigment and an acidic substance, which are disposed in this order, wherein a surface of the first layer is disposed on the base paper and has a Cobb water absorption capacity of 2.0 g/m2 or less at a contact time of 120 seconds as measured by a water-absorbing capacity test according to JIS P8140, a surface of the second layer has a water absorption of from 2 ml/m2 to 8 ml/m2 at a contact time of 0.5 seconds as measured by the Bristow's method, and the surface of the second layer has a pH of 5.5 or less.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming method including applying an ink that forms an image by inkjetting an ink composition containing coloring particles, a water-soluble polymerizable compound, a polymerization initiator and water onto a recording medium in which a base paper, a first layer containing a binder, and a second layer containing a white pigment are layered in this order, and a Cobb water absorption degree on a surface of the first layer placed on the base paper is 5.0 g/m2 or less as measured by a water absorption degree test according to JIS P8140 with a contact time of 15 seconds, and a water absorption amount on a surface of the second layer is 2 mL/m2 to 8 mL/m2 as measured by a Bristow method with a contact time of 0.5 seconds.

Abstract: A pattern measurement apparatus includes a beam intensity distribution creation unit to scan a charged particle beam over a reference pattern having edge portions formed at a right angle to create a line profile of the reference pattern and thus create a reference-beam intensity distribution, an edge width detection unit to determine line profiles for pattern models including edges formed at various inclination angles by use of the reference-beam intensity distribution and calculate edge widths reflecting an influence of a width of a reference beam, and a correspondence table creation unit to calculate correction values for edge positions from the calculated edge widths and the pattern models and create a correspondence table in which the edge widths and the correction values are associated with one another.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ink composition for inkjet recording, containing colloidal silica, urea, a coloring material, and water.

Abstract: The present invention provides an inkjet ink composition including color material particles, a water soluble polymerizable compound, a water soluble silicate salt and water, which is excellent in ejection stability even in a case in which the ink composition is stopped from ejecting in the inkjet recording device and left alone for a certain period of time, and ejection of the ink composition is resumed thereafter, which has a good maintenance property, and in which abrasion resistance of images formed with the ink composition is excellent; an ink set including the inkjet ink composition; and an image forming method using the ink set.

Abstract: A pattern area measuring method includes the steps of: acquiring image data of a pattern; dividing the pattern into partial patterns; calculating the areas of the partial patterns; and calculating the area of the pattern by summing up the areas of the partial patterns. The step of dividing the pattern into partial patterns may further include the steps of: dividing the pattern into fan-shaped partial patterns each having a central angle of a predetermined value; calculating the line profile on a line intersecting the center of the pattern and an edge of the pattern for each of the partial patterns; creating a differential profile; and detecting an edge position of the partial pattern by use of the line profile and the differential profile and then deriving a radius from the center position and the edge position.

Abstract: An ink composition includes a colorant particle, a water-soluble polymerizable compound having an acrylamide structure in a molecule thereof, colloidal silica, and water.

Abstract: A pattern measurement apparatus includes: an irradiation unit for irradiating a sample with an electron beam; an electron detection unit for detecting the amount of electrons generated from the sample on which a pattern is formed; an image processor for generating an SEM image of the pattern based on the amount of electrons; and a controller for acquiring a rectangular measurement specification region of the SEM image and calculating a loss ratio of a corner portion of the pattern from areas of the measurement specification region and the corner portion of the pattern. The controller detects edge positions in a predetermined range including a position where a corner of the measurement specification region intersects with a side of the SEM image, and adjusts the measurement specification region in accordance with the edge positions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an optically active N-(halopropyl)amino acid derivative, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining a compound represented by formula (III) by reacting an optically active alanine ester represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as an “alanine ester”) with a halogenated propane represented by formula (II); and obtaining an optically active N-(halopropyl)amino acid derivative represented by formula (IV) by introducing a protecting group onto the nitrogen atom of the compound represented by formula (III). The present invention provides a method for efficiently producing an optically active N-(halopropyl)amino acid derivative.

Abstract: The metallic mold 90 includes a product configuration portion 93 formed between an upper mold 91 and a lower mold 92. This product configuration portion 93 is composed so that a rolling element accommodating belt 50 formed by this product configuration portion 93 can include spacer portions interposed between balls adjacent to each other in an infinite circulating passage and also include connecting arm portions for connecting the spacer portions to each other and so that the balls can be aligned in the alignment direction in the infinite circulating passage. The upper mold 91 has a splitting structure. In this splitting structure, a splitting position BL is set at a position passing through a position 91t for forming an end portion on the outer circumferential side in the inner and outer circumferential direction of the infinite circulating passage of the spacer portions 51.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image forming method including ejecting an ink containing a silicic acid compound from an inkjet head, whereby deterioration of the head members is suppressed and a high precision image is formable stably over a long-term, the inkjet head being equipped with plural liquid droplet ejecting elements 80 having nozzles 64, pressure chamber 58, supply channel 60, and piezoelectric element 68, which transforms vibrating plate 66 that constitutes a wall of pressure chamber 58, and an ink circulation unit which has common flow channel 52 that is connected with each of plural liquid droplet ejecting elements 80 via supply channels 60, and common circulation channel 70 that is connected with each of plural liquid droplet ejecting elements 80 via reflux channels 72, that supplies the ink to plural liquid droplet ejecting elements from common flow channel 52, and that circulates the ink to common circulation channel.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image forming method and an ink composition used in the method by which deterioration of a head plate which is formed of silicon is suppressed and more precise images are stably formed, where ink containing an inorganic silicate compound is ejected to form an image from an inkjet head having a nozzle plate where SiO2 film is provided on a surface thereof at a side toward the ink ejection direction of the nozzle.