Abstract: Provided are an apparatus for measuring an ionic mobility of a harmful material and a reference data obtaining method thereof. The method includes obtaining a measurement signal by detecting a charge of an ion between electrodes, obtaining a noise signal by insulating the electrodes from the ion, aligning the noise signal with the measurement signal, removing a part of the measurement signal aligned with the noise signal, and calculating reference data from a remaining part of the measurement signal.

Abstract: A mask for an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography process is provided. The mask includes a substrate, a reflection layer including first material layers and second material layers which are alternately and repeatedly stacked on the substrate, a capping layer on the reflection layer, and a phase shift layer and an absorber layer sequentially stacked on the capping layer. Sidewalls of the phase shift layer and the absorber layer may be oblique to a top surface of the capping layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for carbon dioxide capture includes an absorption tower in which an absorbent absorbs carbon dioxide contained in exhaust gas to thereby form a saturated absorbent; a stripping tower in which the carbon dioxide is stripped from the saturated absorbent transferred from the absorption tower and the absorbent is regenerated; a first heat exchanger configured to preheat the saturated absorbent while the saturated absorbent is being transferred from the absorption tower to the stripping tower; and a second heat exchanger configured to secondarily preheat the primarily preheated saturated absorbent.

Abstract: Provided is an anode for a secondary battery including: a first anode active material; and a second anode active material having relatively lower hardness than that of the first anode active material. The first anode active material and the second anode active material satisfy Relational Formula 1 0.167<RB/RA<1, and have a volume ratio of 1:0.5˜2. In Relational Formula 1, RA is an average particle size of the first anode active material, and RB is an average particle size of the second anode active material.

Abstract: Provided are an electrode for an electrochemical device, a method for producing the same, and an electrochemical device including the electrode. The electrode for an electrochemical device includes: a network structure including a cellulose fiber and a conductive material in which the ratio of the length to the thickness (L/D) is 50 or more; and an active material which is dispersed in the network structure.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a tunnel insulation pattern on the substrate, a charge storage pattern on the tunnel insulation pattern, a dielectric pattern having a width smaller than a width of the charge storage pattern on the charge storage pattern, a control gate having a width greater than the width of the dielectric pattern on the dielectric pattern, and a metal-containing gate on the control gate.

Abstract: Provided are an initiator and a method for debonding a wafer supporting system. The initiator for debonding a wafer supporting system includes a rotation chuck having an upper surface on which a wafer supporting system (WSS), which includes a carrier wafer, a device wafer, and a glue layer for bonding the carrier wafer and the device wafer to each other, is seated to rotate the wafer supporting system, a detecting module detecting a height and a thickness of the glue layer and a laser module generating a fracture portion on the glue layer through irradiating a side surface of the glue layer with a laser on the basis of the height and the thickness of the glue layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an isolation layer defining an active region formed in a semiconductor substrate. A first recessing process is performed on the isolation layer to expose edge portions of the active region. A first rounding process is performed to round the edge portions of the active region. A second recessing process is performed on the isolation layer. A second rounding process is performed to round the edge portions of the active region.

Abstract: An anode active material for lithium secondary battery includes a secondary particle formed by agglomerating primary particles, an average diameter of the primary particles is in a range from 5 ?m to 15 ?m, and an average diameter of the secondary particle is in a range from 10 ?m to about 25 ?m. The primary particles include an artificial graphite, and an I(110)/I(002) of the secondary particle is in a range from about 0.0075 to 0.012.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a filter pipe for vehicles which has an expanded tube portion with a different diameter at one side and is provided with a plurality of through holes formed along a circumferential direction includes: forming the plurality of through holes in a mother member; forming furrows at one end portion of the mother member; forming a planar member having the plurality of through holes and the furrows by a shearing process of the mother member; bending the planar member in a tubular shape and spreading the furrows to form an area where the furrows are formed in an expanded tube shape; and adhering both facing end portions of the planar member so as to form a body having the expanded tube portion at one side thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a battery cell including an electrode assembly of a cathode/separator/anode structure, the electrode assembly being impregnated with an electrolyte, the electrode assembly being chargeable and dischargeable, a battery case in which the electrode assembly is mounted, the battery case being made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and an alumina coating layer applied to at least a portion of an outer surface of the battery case by anodizing.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the method including forming a structure on a substrate, the structure including a metal pattern, at least a portion of the metal pattern being exposed; forming a preliminary buffer oxide layer to cover the structure, a metal oxide layer being formed at the exposed portion of the metal pattern; and deoxidizing the metal oxide layer so that the preliminary buffer oxide layer is transformed into a buffer oxide layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a tunnel insulation pattern on the substrate, a charge storage pattern on the tunnel insulation pattern, a dielectric pattern having a width smaller than a width of the charge storage pattern on the charge storage pattern, a control gate having a width greater than the width of the dielectric pattern on the dielectric pattern, and a metal-containing gate on the control gate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a battery cell having an electrode assembly of a cathode/separator/anode structure disposed in a battery case made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy together with an electrolyte in a sealed state, the method including (a) anodizing an entire surface of the battery case in a state in which an uncoated margin section having a predetermined length is provided downward from an outer circumference of an upper end of the battery case, (b) mounting the electrode assembly in the battery case and connecting a cap plate to an open upper end of the battery case by laser welding, (c) injecting an electrolyte through an electrolyte injection port of the cap plate and activating the battery cell, and (d) replenishing the electrolyte and sealing the electrolyte injection port.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium secondary battery including an anode containing agglomerate artificial graphite having pores with an average diameter of 80 to 150 nm; and an electrolyte solution having a viscosity of 5.0 cP or less at 25° C. The lithium secondary battery according to the present invention may have excellent life characteristics, high temperature storage characteristics and output characteristics.

Abstract: A secondary battery pack including a battery cell having first and second electrode terminals at a top thereof, an electrically insulative mounting member having an opening, through which the second terminal is exposed, the mounting member being mounted to a top of the cell, a protection circuit module (PCM) including a protection circuit board (PCB), having a protection circuit, loaded on the mounting member, a connection member (A) connected to the first terminal, and a connection member (B) connected to the second terminal, the PCB being provided with a through hole, through which the connection member (B) is exposed, and an insulative cap coupled to an upper end of the cell to surround the mounting member in which the connection members and the PCB are loaded on the mounting member, wherein the sum of a height of the PCM and a height of the cap is 3.0 mm or less.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a tunnel insulation pattern on the substrate, a charge storage pattern on the tunnel insulation pattern, a dielectric pattern having a width smaller than a width of the charge storage pattern on the charge storage pattern, a control gate having a width greater than the width of the dielectric pattern on the dielectric pattern, and a metal-containing gate on the control gate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to benzimidazole derivatives having the general formula I, wherein n is 0 or 1; X1 and X2 are independently, at each occurrence, CR5 or N; Y is C1-C6 alkylene, wherein alkylene is optionally substituted with one to two C1-C3 alkyl groups; R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C1-C6 alkoxy, —NH2, —NHR6, —NR7R8 and —NH—(R9)n—R10, n being 0 or 1; R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, —NH2, —NHR6, —NR7R8 and —NH—(R9)n—R10; R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, OR11, —NR7R8, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C3- C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, —C(O)NHR11, aryl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl, wherein each of said cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl is optionally and independently substituted with one to four Ra groups; and R4 is selected from the group consisting of —NH2, —N(R12)(V)pR13, —NH(V)p—OR14, —NHC(O)R15, and groups of formula 1a shown below, and their use in the treatment of diseases, in

Abstract: Provided is a porous lithium composite phosphate-based compound containing lithium and having open pores formed in primary particles. As the open pores are formed in the primary particles themselves, a contact area between an electrolyte and the lithium composite phosphate-based compound is maximized, and low conductivity is compensated for, such that a diffusion rate of lithium ions is remarkably increased, and when the lithium composite phosphate-based compound is used as an active material of a secondary battery, the secondary battery may be charged and discharged at a high speed. Additionally, there are advantages in that an electrode density may be significantly increased in addition to the increase in the diffusion rate of the lithium ions, and charge and discharge cycle characteristics may be significantly stable.

Abstract: A spatial image having 2D spatial information is obtained from a surface of a sample by an image creating method. The surface of the sample is milled to obtain an elemental image having material information from the milled surface. The spatial image and the elemental image are composed to form a 2D spatial/elemental image.