Abstract: Disclosed herein is a video decoding method for decoding an input bitstream in which each of pictures has been encoded with being split into a plurality of tiles. The method includes decoding partial decoding information included in the input bitstream and determining one or more target tiles to be decoded among the plurality of tiles according to the partial decoding information; and decoding video data corresponding to the one or more target tiles, wherein the partial decoding information includes at least one of first information indicating whether to perform partial decoding and second information indicating an area on which partial decoding is to be performed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a video decoding method for decoding an input bitstream in which each of pictures has been encoded with being split into a plurality of tiles. The method includes decoding partial decoding information included in the input bitstream and determining one or more target tiles to be decoded among the plurality of tiles according to the partial decoding information; and decoding video data corresponding to the one or more target tiles, wherein the partial decoding information includes at least one of first information indicating whether to perform partial decoding and second information indicating an area on which partial decoding is to be performed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a video decoding method for decoding an input bitstream in which each of pictures has been encoded with being split into a plurality of tiles. The method includes decoding partial decoding information included in the input bitstream and determining one or more target tiles to be decoded among the plurality of tiles according to the partial decoding information; and decoding video data corresponding to the one or more target tiles, wherein the partial decoding information includes at least one of first information indicating whether to perform partial decoding and second information indicating an area on which partial decoding is to be performed.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for providing a counseling service. A method of operating a counseling center server interworking with an instant messaging service includes acquiring, based a search request for a message transmitted to a channel registered in the service, a search result of a chatbot server linked to the channel, providing an interface for inputting a value of at least one parameter included in the search result to a terminal of a counselor linked to the channel, acquiring an entity corresponding to the parameter based on the message, determining a value of the parameter based on at least one of the acquired entity and data input through the interface, and requesting, based on the determined value of the parameter, an instant messaging server configured to provide the service to transmit a response message corresponding to the search result.

Abstract: A marker composition for selecting a living modified organism allows transformation and the production of a target product without antibiotics or antibiotic resistance genes. The marker composition for selecting a living modified organism may basically prevent problems caused by the use of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes and produce a target product at a high yield.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for providing a counseling service. A method of operating a counseling center server interworking with an instant messaging service includes receiving a message of a first user regarding a counseling request through a chat room of a channel of a second user registered in the service, creating a first counseling ticket of the channel, acquiring the number of counseling tickets in a waiting state allocated to each of accounts of a plurality of counselors linked to the channel, allocating the first counseling ticket to an account of a first counselor among the accounts of the counselors, and updating a state of the first counseling ticket to the waiting state.

Abstract: A method of operating a counseling center server interworking with an instant messaging service includes, in response to a request for opening a counseling center of a channel registered in the service, creating a counseling center module corresponding to the channel, receiving a search request based on a message transmitted to a chat room of the channel included in the counseling center module, transmitting a query corresponding to the search request to a search medium interworking with the counseling center module based on an interworking structure of the counseling center module, the search medium comprising at least one of a knowledge database and a chatbot, creating a search result corresponding to the search request based on a response to the query received from the search medium, and requesting an instant messaging server providing the service to transmit the search result through the chat room.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel pyrrolopyrimidine derivative compound, a tautomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, associated with a compound for inhibiting ENPP1, a composition for inhibiting ENPP1, and a method of inhibiting ENPP1.

Abstract: A method for filling a reservoir of a printing device that includes conducting an unattended refill process of an internal reservoir in response to a detection of a fluid supply unit. In an example, the supply dock fluidically, electrically, and mechanically couples to the fluid supply unit to the printing device.

Abstract: Disclosed are a compound selected from novel pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2-one derivative compounds having excellent anti-proliferative activity against cancer cells, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, hydrates thereof and stereoisomers thereof, a method for preparing the compound, a pharmaceutical composition for preventing, alleviating or treating cancer metastasis and proliferative diseases containing the compound as an active ingredient, and an anticancer composition against cancer cells, containing the compound as an active ingredient. The compounds of this invention exhibit most excellent selective inhibitory activity against LCK and anti-proliferative activity against cancer cells, thus being useful for inhibiting cancer cells, and for preventing or treating cancer metastasis and proliferative diseases.

Abstract: Porous III-nitrides having controlled/tuned optical, electrical, and thermal properties are described herein. Also disclosed are methods for preparing and using such porous III-nitrides.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a plurality of active fins defined by an isolation layer on a substrate, a gate structure on the active fins and the isolation layer, and a gate spacer structure covering a sidewall of the gate structure. A sidewall of the gate structure includes first, second, and third regions having first, second, and third slopes, respectively. The second slope increases from a bottom toward a top of the second region. The second slope has a value at the bottom of the second region less than the first slope. The third slope is greater than the second slope.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, a first gate oxide layer, and a first source/drain doped region. The first gate oxide layer is disposed on the semiconductor substrate, and the first gate oxide layer includes a main portion and an edge portion having a sloping sidewall. The first source/drain doped region is disposed in the semiconductor substrate and located adjacent to the edge portion of the first gate oxide layer. The first source/drain doped region includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is disposed under the edge portion of the first gate oxide layer in a vertical direction, and the second portion is connected with the first portion.

Abstract: A method for decoding a first bitstream in which each of pictures has been encoded with being split into a plurality of tiles, each tile comprised of one or more coding tree units, the method comprises receiving the first bitstream which includes tile split information and area information, generating a second bitstream to be decoded, by extracting, from the first bitstream, only encoded data corresponding to the area defined by the area information which is included in the header of the first bitstream, and modifying syntax elements in the first bitstream using the reference position, and the width and the height from the reference position included in the area information, and outputting the second bitstream to thereby decode the extracted encoded data.

Abstract: Methods and systems for in-situ and selective area etching of surfaces or layers, and high-speed growth of gallium nitride (GaN), by organometallic chlorine (Cl) precursors, are described herein. In one aspect, a method can include exposing a GaN layer or surface to an organometallic Cl precursor within a reactor under conditions sufficient to etch the layer or surface, thereby etching the GaN layer or surface. In another aspect, a method of growing GaN can include inputting a set of reactants comprising at least trimethylgallium (TMGa) and anunonia into an OMVPE reactor; inputting an organometallic Cl precursor into the OMVPE reactor; and reacting the Cl precursor with the TM Ga and with the NH3 to deposit GaN by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy.

Abstract: Disclosed are a catalyst for an electrochemical cell and a method of manufacturing the catalyst. The catalyst includes a support, a first catalyst supported on the support, wherein the first catalyst is a catalyst for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) or oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), a second catalyst supported on the first catalyst, wherein the second catalyst is a catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and a protective layer formed on the first catalyst and the second catalyst.

Abstract: A multi-module battery pack includes a battery tray defining multiple battery tray compartments, battery modules each disposed within a corresponding one of the compartments, and a thermal barrier arranged in a predefined heat transfer path through the tray between an adjacent pair of the battery modules. The thermal barrier has a thickness of at least about 1 mm and a thermal conductivity of less than about 4 W/m-K, such that the thermal barrier blocks the heat transfer path to mitigate a thermal runaway event of one of the adjacent pair of battery modules. An electric powertrain system includes a rotary electric machine having phase leads and an output member, a driven load coupled to the output member, and the multi-module battery pack. A method includes providing the tray, identifying the heat transfer path, and arranging the thermal barrier in the heat transfer path.

Abstract: A functional food composition contains a Lonicera japonica extract as an active ingredient is disclosed. The functional food composition is useful in alleviating irritable bowel syndrome. The Lonicera japonica extract reduces diarrhea and/or intestinal intonation symptoms, thereby exhibiting an effect of alleviating irritable bowel syndrome. A method of treating or alleviating irritable bowel syndrome includes a step of administering a composition to a subject, wherein the composition contains a Lonicera japonica extract.

Abstract: An electrochemical assembly includes a case defining an interior region, an electrochemical cell, a device, and a pressure relief valve. The electrochemical cell is disposed within the interior region. The device includes a spreader component. The spreader component includes a polymer matrix and an additive embedded in the polymer matrix. The additive includes an endothermic phase change material, a flame retardant material, an intumescent material, or any combination thereof. The device defines a device outlet. The pressure relief valve has a valve inlet fluidly connected to the interior region and a valve outlet fluidly connected to the device. The pressure relief valve is configured to transfer a gas from the interior region to the device when a pressure in the interior region exceeds a predetermined pressure. The spreader component is configured to be in fluid communication with the gas and direct the gas to the device outlet.