Abstract: A blue light emitting device includes an electrode layer, a first metal layer, a second metal layer formed between the electrode layer and the first metal layer, and an organic material layer formed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer and including a blue shift light emitting sub-layer. A peak of a first light-emitting spectrum of the blue shift light emitting sub-layer, which ranges within 490-550 nm, is shifted to a peak of a second light-emitting spectrum, which is less than 510 nm, by the surface plasmon coupling between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. A light emitting device is further provided, which is sequentially stacked with a first metal layer, an organic material layer having a blue shift light emitting sub-layer, a second metal layer having a metal portion and an opening portion, an electrode layer, and a light emitting layer doped with a dopant material, to emit white light.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus in a communication system includes a reception unit configured to receive terminal information from a plurality of terminals through a new frequency band for transmission and reception of data between the plurality of terminals and an AP (access point); a determination unit configured to determine access timing of the terminals to the AP by using the terminal information, and generate terminal access information including information on the access timing; and a transmission unit configured to transmit the terminal access information and beacon frames to the terminals, wherein the terminals access the AP and transmit data frames to the AP, at the access timing based on the beacon frames.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus comprises a switch, a processing unit, a functional unit and a power management unit. The function unit has a timer. The power management unit is coupled to the processing unit and the function unit. The processing unit and the function unit receive a switch signal generated by the switch. The processing unit generates a power-down signal after detecting a change in the logic level of the switch signal received for a first predetermined time. The timer starts counting upon detecting a change in the logic level of the switch signal, and executes a power-down procedure after the timer has counted to a second predetermined time. The second time is less than the first predetermined time. The function unit completes the power-down procedure before the power management unit receives the power-down signal and stops powering the processing unit and the function unit.

Abstract: A seat stem adjustment device includes a seat stem received in an outer tube, a control unit connected to a bicycle frame, and a leverage unit located between the outer tube and the control unit. The control unit has a cable which is connected to and driven by a lever. The leverage unit has a top member connected to the outer tube. A first link and a second link are pivotably connected to the top member. The first link contacts the valve rod. The second link has a mediate portion pivotably connected to the top member. The second link is connected to the cable. A resilient member is connected between the top member and the second link. The second link pushes the first link to open or close the hydraulic liquid path when the cable is operated so as to adjust the height of the seat.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system is disclosed, in which the apparatus for OFDM transmission in the WLAN system includes a signal repetition unit to repeat an encoded signal based on a block unit and output the encoded signal and a repeated signal, an interleaver to interleave the encoded signal and the repeated signal and output an interleaved signal, a modulator to modulate the interleaved signal and output modulated symbols, and a phase rotation unit to phase shift the modulated symbols.

Abstract: A height adjustable seat tube includes an outer tube and an inner tube is inserted into the outer tube. An end cap is fixed to the inner tube and a valve unit in the inner tube extends through the end cap and co-movable linearly with the inner tube. An inlet valve is connected to the inner tube. An oil tube is connected between the inlet valve and the valve unit. A first oil room is defined between the oil tube and the valve unit. An oil storage member is connected between a connection member and the end cap. A first air room is defined between the inlet valve, the oil storage member and the inner tube. A second oil room is defined between the oil tube, the oil storage member and the end cap. An oil path is in communication between the first and second oil rooms.

Abstract: A light emitting element is provided, including a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and an organic light emitting layer sandwiched between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. The organic light emitting layer is patterned to include a plurality of light emitting blocks with different densities. In an embodiment, the light emitting blocks are divided into a plurality of light emitting block groups that are arranged in an alternate manner. In another embodiment, a light emitting element includes a first electrode layer, a first organic light emitting layer, a charge generating layer, a second organic light emitting layer, and a second electrode layer sequentially stacked on one another. The first and second organic light emitting layer are patterned to form a plurality of first and second light emitting blocks with different densities, respectively. Thus, the light emitting element generates full-color, gray-scale, three-dimensional, or dynamic images.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a flash memory is provided. In the method, a hydrogen treatment is performed on a substrate, on which a polysilicon gate and a plurality of spacers on sidewalls of the polysilicon gate are formed. A silicon thin film is deposited on the polysilicon gate to extend a top area thereof. The hydrogen treatment and the deposition of the silicon thin film are accomplished repeatedly, and then a cobalt layer is deposited on the silicon thin film. A portion of the cobalt layer is converted to a CoSix layer, and the unreacted cobalt layer is then removed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a technology that enables an access point, configured to manage a network, to control a transmission schedule of buffered data and enables a terminal to obtain information associated with the transmission schedule in a wireless local area network (WLAN) environment. An apparatus for controlling a transmission schedule of buffered data in a WLAN according to an embodiment may group terminals based on at least one of a service characteristic and a traffic characteristic of each of the terminals, assign group information to each of the grouped groups to wake up in a different time, and transmit at least one of delivery traffic indication map (DTIM) information and the buffered data based on the assigned group information.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for communication in a wireless local area network (LAN) system supporting a multi-bandwidth in which a communication apparatus supporting a multi-bandwidth includes generating a base frame based on at least one of a first bandwidth having the lowest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) among predetermined bandwidths and a second bandwidth that is two times greater than the first bandwidth, configuring a duplication mode frame based on the base frame, and transmitting the duplication mode frame through a plurality of bands.

Abstract: An operating mode change method of a wireless local area network (WLAN) system according to an exemplary embodiment includes transmitting, by a station (STA) to an access point (AP), an operating mode change request frame comprising at least one of information on a change of a traffic indication map (TIM) mode, a request for a change of a power save parameter, and information on a change of a service type of the STA, receiving, from the AP, an operating mode change response frame comprising at least one of a TIM mode allowed by the AP, a reallocated association identification (AID), and information on a changed power save parameter, and performing at least one of the change of the TIM mode and the change of the power save parameter based on the information included in the operating mode change response frame.

Abstract: A washing machine includes a water tub; a water supply device to supply water into the water tub; a detergent supply device to supply detergent; a circulating device to circulate the water supplied into the water tub; a drum mounted in the water tub to receive clothes therein; a motor to rotate the drum; and a control unit to control the water supply device and the detergent supply device so that the water and the detergent are supplied into the water tub, bubbles of detergent dissolved water are generated, and washing of functional clothes is performed using the bubbles by varying a drive operation rate of the motor stepwise for a washing period.

Abstract: The method for fabricating a semiconductor device is provided. A doped semiconductor layer is formed over the substrate. The doped semiconductor layer is patterned to form a plurality of doped semiconductor patterns. An implantation process is performed to implant a dopant into the doped semiconductor patterns. A process temperature of the implantation process is no more than about ?50° C. The dopants of the implantation process and the doped semiconductor patterns have the same conductivity type.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for allocating a flexible transmission slot in a wireless local area network (LAN) system are disclosed. A flexible transmission slot allocation method of an access point (AP) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system according to an exemplary embodiment includes transmitting a beacon including a traffic indication map (TIM) bit to a station, receiving a power save poll (PS-Poll) from the station in a slot implicitly allocated by the TIM bit, and transmitting an acknowledgement (ACK) including transmission slot allocation information on downlink data to the station.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a substrate, a coupling unit and an organic light emitting unit. The coupling unit includes a first conductive layer, a first light emitting layer and a second conductive layer. The first conductive layer is located on the substrate. The first light emitting layer is located between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. The organic light emitting unit is located adjacent to the second conductive layer.

Abstract: A polishing head includes a carrier head and a plurality of pressure units arranged on the carrier head. At least two of the pressure units are located on the same circumferential line relative to a center axis of the carrier head.

Abstract: Semiconductor packages including a heat spreader and methods of forming the same are provided. The semiconductor packages may include a first semiconductor chip, a second semiconductor chip, and a heat spreader stacked sequentially. The semiconductor packages may also include a thermal interface material (TIM) layer surrounding the second semiconductor chip and directly contacting a sidewall of the second semiconductor chip. An upper surface of the TIM layer may directly contact a lower surface of the heat spreader, and a sidewall of the TIM layer may be substantially coplanar with a sidewall of the heat spreader. In some embodiments, a sidewall of the first semiconductor chip may be substantially coplanar with the sidewall of the TIM layer.

Abstract: A washing machine capable of reducing the manufacturing cost of a circulation device installed to circulate water and capable of preventing water from being scattered when spraying circulating water into a spin basket is described. A tub cover of the washing machine includes a guide part provided with a connector, which is integrated with the tub cover, connected with a circulation passage, and inclined upward toward the tub cover, and an inclined surface inclined toward the spin basket at an inner edge of the tub cover, thereby reducing the manufacturing of the circulation device and preventing water from being scattered. The washing machine includes a circulation drain port formed at a side surface of a tub and a filtering duct connected with the circulation drain port, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the circulation device.

Abstract: A communication method and a communication apparatus using an open-loop link in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system supporting a multi-bandwidth are disclosed. A communication method using an open-loop link according to an exemplary embodiment includes a transmission apparatus of a WLAN system to support a multi-bandwidth, receiving link margin information on each of a plurality of bandwidths from a reception apparatus, acquiring a margin for a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) based on the link margin information and determining a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and a bandwidth for use based on the margin for the SNR, and transmitting data to the reception apparatus using the determined MCS and bandwidth.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for supporting a plurality of basic bandwidth modes in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system supporting a multi-bandwidth, wherein a communication method of an access point (AP) in a WLAN system includes verifying an operational status of a network by an AP included in the network supporting a first bandwidth and a second bandwidth two times greater than the first bandwidth, allocating a first time slot in which a transmission of a frame with at least the first bandwidth is allowed, based on the operational status of the network, and allocating a second time slot in which a transmission of a frame with at least the second bandwidth is allowed, based on the operational status of the network.