Abstract: A microlens array substrate includes: a light transmitting substrate in which a first lens surface formed of a concave surface is formed on a substrate surface on one side; a first lens layer which covers the substrate surface on one side and has a refractive index which is different from that of the light transmitting substrate; a light transmitting layer which covers the first lens layer on the opposite side to the light transmitting substrate; and a second lens layer which covers the light transmitting layer on the opposite side to the light transmitting substrate and in which a second lens surface formed of a convex surface is formed on the opposite side to the light transmitting substrate, in which the light transmitting layer has smaller refractive index and coefficient of thermal expansion than those of the first lens layer and the second lens layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a liquid crystal element in which a transmissivity is controlled according to a data signal, and which extends in a first direction, a data line, a data line driving circuit that supplies a data signal to the liquid crystal element via the data line, and a light source that irradiates the liquid crystal element with the light, in which the light source moves the irradiation position of the light in the liquid crystal element in a first direction in a part of or the entire display period, and the data line driving circuit supplies the data signal in which the transmissivity of the liquid crystal element becomes a transmissivity that corresponds to the gradation to be displayed at the irradiation position of the light with which the liquid crystal element is irradiated to the liquid crystal element.

Abstract: A microlens array substrate includes a substrate having a surface in which a concave portion is provided, a lens layer that is provided so as to fill the concave portion, and an optical path length adjustment layer that is provided so as to cover the lens layer. A flat portion is disposed in a central portion of the concave portion. A refractive index of the lens layer is higher than a refractive index of the substrate, and a refractive index of the optical path length adjustment layer is higher than a refractive index of the substrate and is equal to or lower than a refractive index of the lens layer.

Abstract: A microlens array substrate includes a substrate, a first microlens that is disposed on a face of the substrate, a first light-transmissive layer that is disposed to cover the first microlens, a second microlens that is disposed on the intermediate layer and is arranged to overlap with the first microlens in a planar view, and a second light-transmissive layer that is disposed to cover the second microlens. A first flat portion is disposed between the first microlenses that neighbor each other at a vertex. A second flat portion is disposed between the second microlenses that neighbor each other at a vertex. The first flat portion and the second flat portion are arranged in order for at least a part of the first flat portion and a part of the second flat portion to overlap with each other in a planar view.

Abstract: A fabricating method of a liquid crystal device includes a first step of forming light blocking portions in an element substrate, a second step of forming first and second microlenses in a counter substrate, and a third step of disposing the element substrate and the counter substrate so as to face each other, such that the openings and the first and second microlenses overlap each other in a planar view, and bonding the element substrate to the counter substrate such that a liquid crystal layer is interposed therebetween. In the third step, a center of the first microlens and a center of the second microlens are disposed in the same side in at least one direction of the X direction and the Y direction with respect to a center of gravity of the opening, in a planar view.

Abstract: A signal processing device using a liquid crystal device having a plurality of pixels includes a storage unit that stores a signal which controls a level of transmittance in a plurality of pixels, a detection unit that, based on the signal that is stored in the storage unit, detects a first pixel associated with a second value which indicates higher transmittance than a first value, and a second pixel adjacent to the first pixel and associated with a fourth value which indicates the higher transmittance than a third value; and a correction unit that corrects the second value so that a difference of the transmittance indicated by the second value and the fourth value decreases. The third value indicates the higher transmittance than the first value, and the fourth value indicates a higher transmittance than the second value.

Abstract: In the case where a gray-scale difference ?1 between a pixel 110a and a pixel 110b, a gray-scale difference ?2 between the pixel 110b and a pixel 110c are each larger than a threshold value, and ?1>?2, gray-scale values of the pixels 110a, 110b and 110c are corrected into the gray-scale value of the pixel 110b+?1×(1??), the gray-scale value of the pixel 110c+?2×(1??), and the gray-scale value of the pixel 110c+?2×?, respectively (0??, ??0.5). After the correction, a gray-scale different ?1a between the pixels 110a and 110b, and a gray-scale different ?2a between the pixels 110b and 110c satisfy the following formulas: ?1a>?1, and ?2a>?2, respectively.

Abstract: Vertical cross-talk is reduced. A correction circuit includes a correction amount calculation unit that calculates a correction amount on the basis of input image data Din and that generates correction amount data U; a correction coefficient generation unit that generates correction coefficient data C which represents a correction coefficient decided upon in accordance with a position in a horizontal scanning direction of a data line to which input image data Din to be corrected is supplied; and a correction unit that corrects the input image data Din on the basis of the correction amount data U and the correction coefficient data C and thereby generates correction image data Dh.

Abstract: A signal generation circuit of an electro-optical device includes a generation unit that generates correction data corresponding to each pixel circuit based on input image data, a specification unit that, when a value which denotes a difference of two pieces of correction data corresponding to two pixel circuits adjacent to each other is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, specifies the two pixel circuits as boundary pixel circuits, an updating unit that generates updated correction data by modifying each value of a predetermined number of pieces of correction data corresponding to a predetermined number of pixel circuits including at least one of the boundary pixel circuits so as to be a value between two values indicated by the two pieces of correction data corresponding to the boundary pixel circuits.

Abstract: A signal processing device, on the basis of signals that control voltages to be applied to pixels, a boundary between a first pixel corresponding to a first signal that applies a first voltage and a second pixel adjacent to the first pixel and corresponding to a second signal that applies a second voltage different from the first voltage at least by a predetermined threshold. The first signal is corrected to a third signal that applies a third voltage higher than the first voltage, and the second signal is corrected to a fourth signal that applies a fourth voltage higher than the second voltage. The second voltage is higher than the first voltage, the fourth voltage is higher than the third voltage, and a potential difference between the first voltage and the third voltage is larger than a potential difference between the second voltage and the fourth voltage.

Abstract: In the case where a gray-scale difference ?1 between a pixel 110a and a pixel 110b, a gray-scale difference ?2 between the pixel 110b and a pixel 110c are each larger than a threshold value, and ?1>?2, gray-scale values of the pixels 110a, 110b and 110c are corrected into the gray-scale value of the pixel 110b+?1×(1??), the gray-scale value of the pixel 110c+?2×(1??), and the gray-scale value of the pixel 110c+?2×?, respectively (0??, ??0.5). After the correction, a gray-scale different ?1a between the pixels 110a and 110b, and a gray-scale different 42a between the pixels 110b and 110c satisfy the following formulas: ?1a>?1, and ?2a>?2, respectively.

Abstract: A signal processing device using a liquid crystal device having a plurality of pixels includes a storage unit that stores a signal which controls a level of transmittance in a plurality of pixels, a detection unit that, based on the signal that is stored in the storage unit, detects a first pixel associated with a second value which indicates higher transmittance than a first value, and a second pixel adjacent to the first pixel and associated with a fourth value which indicates the higher transmittance than a third value; and a correction unit that corrects the second value so that a difference of the transmittance indicated by the second value and the fourth value decreases. The third value indicates the higher transmittance than the first value, and the fourth value indicates a higher transmittance than the second value.

Abstract: An electric field driving device, in which a plurality of pixels, each of which is formed of two or more sub-pixels that respectively correspond to different colors from one another, are arranged in a matrix in a pixel region on a substrate, includes pixel electrodes, a common electrode, an insulating layer, and a material. Each of the pixel electrodes is formed in correspondence with the sub-pixel on the substrate. The common electrode is formed above the pixel electrodes on the substrate so that at least part of the common electrode overlaps each of the pixel electrodes in plan view. The insulating layer is formed on the substrate between the pixel electrodes and the common electrode. The material is driven by an electric field that is generated on the basis of a difference in electric potential between each of the pixel electrodes and the common electrode. The common electrode has a plurality of slits that at least partly overlap the pixel electrodes in plan view.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device including: a pair of substrates having a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween; a pixels which is provided along a predetermined arrangement axis and constitutes a display area; sub pixels constituting the pixels; pixel electrodes which are disposed on one of the pair of substrates and are provided in correspondence with the sub pixels; and a common electrode which is provided on the pixel electrodes with an insulating film interposed therebetween, wherein the common electrodes includes first electrodes which extend in a direction obliquely intersecting the arrangement axis, a second electrode which has a portion obliquely intersecting the first electrodes and connects one ends of the first electrodes, and a third electrode which has a portion obliquely intersecting the first electrodes and connects the other ends of the first electrodes.

Abstract: An electric field driving device, comprising a plurality of pixels formed of two or more sub-pixels corresponding to different colors from one another, includes pixel electrodes, a common electrode, an insulating layer between the pixel electrodes and the common electrode, and a material driven by an electric field generated between each of the pixel electrodes and the common electrode. Each of the pixel electrodes is formed in correspondence with the sub-pixel. The common electrode is formed above the pixel electrodes and has a plurality of slits. At least a portion of the slits in each of the sub-pixels are parallel to one another and include a continuous portion that extends in a straight line over the plurality of sub-pixels included in one pixel of the pixels and arranged adjacent to one another. Extending directions of the continuous portion of adjacent pixels are different from each other.

Abstract: An annular magnetic encoder is provided in which a plurality of S magnetic poles and N magnetic poles are alternately arranged in an arrangement pattern. The arrangement pattern comprises: a plurality of index parts provided in a circumferential direction at fixed intervals; a plurality of standard pitch parts provided between the index parts; and a plurality of specific pitch parts provided in all of the standard pitch parts or in the standard pitch parts other than one standard pitch part, where the specific pitch parts are arranged in different positions within each of the standard pitch parts.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device including: a pair of substrates having a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween; a pixels which is provided along a predetermined arrangement axis and constitutes a display area; sub pixels constituting the pixels; pixel electrodes which are disposed on one of the pair of substrates and are provided in correspondence with the sub pixels; and a common electrode which is provided on the pixel electrodes with an insulating film interposed therebetween, wherein the common electrodes includes first electrodes which extend in a direction obliquely intersecting the arrangement axis, a second electrode which has a portion obliquely intersecting the first electrodes and connects one ends of the first electrodes, and a third electrode which has a portion obliquely intersecting the first electrodes and connects the other ends of the first electrodes.

Abstract: An electric field driving device in which a plurality of pixels, each of which is formed of two or more sub-pixels that respectively correspond to different colors from one another, are arranged in a matrix in a pixel region on a substrate. The electric field driving device includes pixel electrodes, a common electrode, an insulating layer, and a material. Each of the pixel electrodes is formed in correspondence with the sub-pixel on the substrate. The common electrode is formed above the pixel electrodes on the substrate so that at least part of the common electrode overlaps each of the pixel electrodes in plan view, and has a plurality of slits. The insulating layer is formed on the substrate between the pixel electrodes and the common electrode. The material is driven by an electric field that is generated on the basis of a difference in electric potential between each of the pixel electrodes and the common electrode. The plurality of slits at least partly overlap each of the pixel electrodes in plan view.

Abstract: An electric field driving device, in which a plurality of pixels, each of which is formed of two or more sub-pixels that respectively correspond to different colors from one another, are arranged in a matrix in a pixel region on a substrate, includes pixel electrodes, a common electrode, an insulating layer, and a material. Each of the pixel electrodes is formed in correspondence with the sub-pixel on the substrate. The common electrode is formed above the pixel electrodes on the substrate so that at least part of the common electrode overlaps each of the pixel electrodes in plan view. The insulating layer is formed on the substrate between the pixel electrodes and the common electrode. The material is driven by an electric field that is generated on the basis of a difference in electric potential between each of the pixel electrodes and the common electrode. The common electrode has a plurality of slits that at least partly overlap the pixel electrodes in plan view.

Abstract: An electric field driving device, in which a plurality of pixels, each of which is formed of two or more sub-pixels that respectively correspond to different colors from one another, are arranged in a matrix in a pixel region on a substrate, includes pixel electrodes, a common electrode, an insulating layer, and a material. Each of the pixel electrodes is formed in correspondence with the sub-pixel on the substrate. The common electrode is formed above the pixel electrodes on the substrate so that at least part of the common electrode overlaps each of the pixel electrodes in plan view. The insulating layer is formed on the substrate between the pixel electrodes and the common electrode. The material is driven by an electric field that is generated on the basis of a difference in electric potential between each of the pixel electrodes and the common electrode. The common electrode has a plurality of slits that at least partly overlap the pixel electrodes in plan view.