Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a lower structure including a substrate and a cell structure on the substrate and a plurality of interconnection layers, which are stacked on the lower structure in a first direction extending perpendicular to a top surface of the substrate. An uppermost interconnection layer of the plurality of interconnection layers includes uppermost conductive lines. Each of the uppermost conductive lines includes a lower metal compound pattern, a metal pattern, an upper metal compound pattern, and a capping pattern, which are sequentially stacked in the first direction. The lower metal compound pattern, the metal pattern, and the upper metal compound pattern include a same metallic element.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a lower structure including a substrate and a cell structure on the substrate and a plurality of interconnection layers, which are stacked on the lower structure in a first direction extending perpendicular to a top surface of the substrate. An uppermost interconnection layer of the plurality of interconnection layers includes uppermost conductive lines. Each of the uppermost conductive lines includes a lower metal compound pattern, a metal pattern, an upper metal compound pattern, and a capping pattern, which are sequentially stacked in the first direction. The lower metal compound pattern, the metal pattern, and the upper metal compound pattern include a same metallic element.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a lower structure including a substrate and a cell structure on the substrate and a plurality of interconnection layers, which are stacked on the lower structure in a first direction extending perpendicular to a top surface of the substrate. An uppermost interconnection layer of the plurality of interconnection layers includes uppermost conductive lines. Each of the uppermost conductive lines includes a lower metal compound pattern, a metal pattern, an upper metal compound pattern, and a capping pattern, which are sequentially stacked in the first direction. The lower metal compound pattern, the metal pattern, and the upper metal compound pattern include a same metallic element.

Abstract: A remote control device and a control method thereof are provided. The remote control device for controlling an external display apparatus includes: a communication unit configured to communicate with the external display apparatus; a sensor configured to detect a state of the remote control device; a display; and a processor configured to receive information on a content currently displayed by the external display apparatus through the communication unit, and to control the display to display a UI including a plurality of UI elements for controlling the external display apparatus, based on the information on the content and the state of the remote control device.

Abstract: A remote control device and a control method thereof are provided. The remote control device for controlling an external display apparatus includes: a communication unit configured to communicate with the external display apparatus; a sensor configured to detect a state of the remote control device; a display; and a processor configured to receive information on a content currently displayed by the external display apparatus through the communication unit, and to control the display to display a UI including a plurality of UI elements for controlling the external display apparatus, based on the information on the content and the state of the remote control device.

Abstract: A method for providing a content of a display apparatus is provided. The method for providing a content of a display apparatus includes sensing a user, performing a communication connection with the remote control device based on a content reproduction command being input to a remote control device after the user is sensed, receiving information on a content provided by an external display apparatus from the remote control device, and providing the content provided by the external display apparatus based on the information on the content.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a first alignment layer, a second alignment layer and a liquid crystal layer. The second substrate faces the first substrate. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer. The first alignment layer and the second alignment layer each include a polyimide compound polymerized by cyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic dianhydride and cyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic dianhydride derivative.

Abstract: A multi-dimensional remote control device which may be more effectively manipulated and a method of controlling an operation thereof are provided. The remote control device for controlling an electronic device may include a processor configured to activate an input interface provided on one surface from among input interfaces provided on at least one of multiple surfaces of the remote control device, to receive an input from the activated input interface, and to transmit the input to the electronic device via a communication interface.

Abstract: A display device includes a display, and a processor configured to receive environment setting information that is used to view content currently being displayed on the display, acquire metadata associated with the content displayed on the display, and generate a user's viewing environment by mapping the metadata to the environment setting information.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device including a first substrate on which a first alignment layer is formed, a second substrate on which a second alignment layer is formed, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second alignment layers and including liquid crystals of a helical structure in which a helical axis is parallel to the first and second substrates. At least one of the first and second alignment layers has a graduation distribution profile of a pretilt angle which ranges from about 0 degrees to about 90 degrees.

Abstract: A photo-alignment composition includes a compound comprising a repeat unit represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a solvent. The photo-alignment composition is coated on a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate, thus forming alignment layers. A liquid crystal layer is formed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The photo-alignment composition includes a compound structure having a high decomposition rate and a functional group capable of a hydrogen bond, which is weaker than a covalent bond. Thus, a hardness of the alignment layer may be improved at a room temperature, and a hydrogen bonding functional group of the photo-alignment composition may be decomposed at a high temperature thus photo-aligning the alignment layer. Therefore, an afterimage of a screen may decrease, and a hardness of the alignment layer may increase.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) display is disclosed. The OLED display includes a substrate, a scan line on the substrate and configured to transfer a scan signal, a data line crossing the scan line and configured to transfer a data signal, a driving voltage line crossing the scan line or the data line and configured to transfer a driving voltage, a switching thin film transistor (TFT) connected to the scan line and the data line, a driving TFT connected to the switching TFT and the driving voltage line, an OLED connected to the driving TFT, and a storage capacitor connected to the driving voltage line and a driving gate electrode of the driving TFT. The storage capacitor includes a first storage capacitor plate that overlaps the driving voltage line.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes; a first substrate, a second substrate disposed facing the first substrate, an alignment layer disposed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the alignment layer comprises a major alignment material and a vertical photo-alignment material, and the vertical photo-alignment material comprises a first vertical functional group, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor device, a test structure of the semiconductor device, and a method of testing the semiconductor device are provided. The test structure including a first pad and a second pad being separated from each other, and a first test element and a second test element connected between the first pad and the second pad, a first value of a characteristic parameter of the first test element being different from a second value of the characteristic parameter of the second test element, may be provided.

Abstract: A photo-alignment composition includes a compound comprising a repeat unit represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a solvent. The photo-alignment composition is coated on a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate, thus forming alignment layers. A liquid crystal layer is formed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The photo-alignment composition includes a compound structure having a high decomposition rate and a functional group capable of a hydrogen bond, which is weaker than a covalent bond. Thus, a hardness of the alignment layer may be improved at a room temperature, and a hydrogen bonding functional group of the photo-alignment composition may be decomposed at a high temperature thus photo-aligning the alignment layer. Therefore, an afterimage of a screen may decrease, and a hardness of the alignment layer may increase.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device including a first substrate on which a first alignment layer is formed, a second substrate on which a second alignment layer is formed, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second alignment layers and including liquid crystals of a helical structure in which a helical axis is parallel to the first and second substrates. At least one of the first and second alignment layers has a graduation distribution profile of a pretilt angle which ranges from about 0 degrees to about 90 degrees.

Abstract: A display apparatus and a method of providing information thereof are provided. The information providing method of the display apparatus includes displaying image content, recognizing at least one of a user motion and a user voice to obtain information related to the image content while the image content is displayed, generating query data according to the recognized at least one of the user motion and the user voice, and transmitting the query data to an external server, and in response to receiving information related to the image content from the external server in response to transmitting the query data, providing the received related information.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for displaying speech recognition information are provided. The method includes acquiring at least one of speech recognition information based on speech recognized by performing speech recognition, and response information indicating a processing result of the speech recognition information, displaying a speech recognition history list including the acquired information, in a first window region, selecting at least one of the acquired information included in the speech recognition history list, and updating response information corresponding to the selected at least one piece of acquired information.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for programming data, and a method and an apparatus for setting a data programming mode used for the same are provided. The method for programming data in a non-volatile memory device includes determining a programming mode to be used for data programming among at least two programming modes prescribing different verify voltages for cells to be programmed, based on set mode information, and programming data according to the determined programming mode. Consequently, the loss of programmed data is prevented through an SMD reflow process.

Abstract: A display apparatus and an interaction method thereof are provided. The display apparatus includes a microphone configured to receive speech from a user, a camera configured to capture an image of the user, a storage configured to store registered user information, and a controller configured to recognize whether the user is a registered user stored in the storage using at least one of the image of the user captured by the camera and speech of the user received by the microphone, and in response to recognizing the user is the registered user, perform a control operation that matches at least one of the speech of the user and a user motion included in the captured image of the user.