Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating produce to control microorganisms are provided. The method treats produce by contacting the surface of the produce with an aqueous solution comprising i) an organic peracid of the formula RC(O)OOH wherein R is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, or s-propyl; ii) a 2-hydroxy organic acid selected from tartaric acid, citric acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, and lactic acid; and (optionally) iii) an anionic surfactant; wherein the aqueous solution has a pH from 2.5 to 6.0.

Abstract: A battery control system includes N batteries, N control switches, a solar energy charging module, and a processing module, wherein N is a positive integer larger than one. The N batteries are arranged in parallel, each of the control switches is connected to one of the batteries, and the solar energy charging module is connected to the control switches. The processing module is connected to the control switches and the solar energy charging module. The processing module selectively controls the i-th control switch to form a close circuit between the corresponding i-th battery and the solar energy charging module and controls the other N?1 control switches to form open circuits between the corresponding N?1 batteries and the solar energy charging module, wherein i is a positive integer smaller than or equal to N.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for treating a produce item with a treatment solution that includes water and a first and second treatment acid. The disclosed methods and systems may be particularly beneficial when used to sanitize the produce item of pathogens and/or to maintain the quality of the produce item. A disclosed treatment method includes measuring an amount of water; measuring an amount of a first treatment acid; measuring an amount of a second treatment acid; mixing the water, the first treatment acid, and the second treatment acid to form a treatment-solution concentrate; diluting a quantity of the treatment-solution concentrate to form a treatment solution; and contacting an exterior surface of the produce item with a quantity of the treatment solution.

Abstract: A wireless communication device includes a transceiving module, an antenna module, and a switch module. The transceiving module includes a first transceiver and a second transceiver. The antenna module includes at least a first antenna for transmitting electromagnetic signals in a first frequency range. The switch module switches different connections between the antenna module and the transceiving module, and includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a first duplexer.

Abstract: A wireless communication device includes a transceiving module, an antenna module, and a switch module. The transceiving module includes a first transceiver and a second transceiver. The antenna module includes at least a first antenna for transmitting electromagnetic signals in a first frequency range. The switch module switches different connections between the antenna module and the transceiving module, and includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a first duplexer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes a display region, a periphery circuit region, a joint obligate region, a plurality of first test thin-film transistors (TFTs), a plurality of second TFTs, a plurality of first lines, a plurality of second lines, a blank region, and at least one first adjustment TFT. The first and second test TFTs are disposed on the joint obligate region according to a regular distance. Each of the first and second test TFTs has a transistor width. The first adjustment TFT is disposed on the blank region. The width of the blank region is not smaller than the sum of the twice regular distance and the transistor width. Thereby, the present invention can prevent the band mura of the liquid crystal display panel effectively when the liquid crystal display panel is in testing.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating produce to control microorganisms are provided. The method treats produce by contacting the surface of the produce with an aqueous solution comprising i) an organic peracid of the formula RC(O)OOH wherein R is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, or s-propyl; ii) a 2-hydroxy organic acid selected from tartaric acid, citric acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, and lactic acid; and (optionally) iii) an anionic surfactant; wherein the aqueous solution has a pH from 2.5 to 6.0.

Abstract: A method of avoiding substrate noise in an integrated circuit includes steps of receiving as input an integrated circuit design that includes at least a portion of a block for placement and routing on a substrate and an outer boundary of the block. An end cell is selected from a set of end cells for terminating the block in an outer area that extends from the outer boundary to an end cell boundary outside the block. The selected end cell is placed in the outer area to isolate the block electrically from the substrate.

Abstract: A bag with displaying function comprising a bag body, a strap displaying plate or plates and a heavy object is disclosed.

Abstract: A vortex mask comprises a substrate, a first phase region positioned on the substrate, a second phase region surrounding the first phase region, and a third phase region positioned on the substrate and connected to the first phase region and the second phase region. When exposure beams penetrate the first phase region, the second phase region and the third region of the vortex mask, there will be 90 degrees of phase difference from each other. In addition, the first phase region and the third phase region can be positioned in a mirror image manner, and the third phase region connects to the first phase region and the second phase region in a point manner, which can be used to define the shape of a circular pattern.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for classifying an input image as black and white or color is described. The method calculates a first ratio of a color pixel portion to a total pixel portion in the input image. Next, the method calculates a second ratio of the color pixel portion to a combined pixel portion in the input image, where the combined pixel portion comprises the color pixel portion and a dark black and white pixel portion. Finally, the method returns an indication the input image is black and white if the first ratio is less than a first threshold and the second ratio is less than a second threshold.

Abstract: A phase shifting mask capable of decreasing the optical proximity effect comprises a substrate and at least one phase shifting pattern positioned on the substrate, wherein the phase shifting pattern surrounds at least one optical correction pattern. Preferably, the optical correction pattern is an aperture exposing the substrate, and positioned on an intersection or a corner of the phase shifting pattern. The method for preparing the phase shifting mask comprises steps of forming a polymer layer on a substrate, illuminating a first predetermined region of the polymer layer by an electron beam to change the molecular structure of the polymer layer in the first predetermined region, which surrounds at least one second predetermined region. Subsequently, the polymer layer outside the first predetermined region is removed to form a phase shifting pattern, while the second predetermined region forms an optical correction pattern.

Abstract: A method for shrinking opening sizes of a photoresist is provided. A patterned photoresist layer having an opening is formed on a substrate. The opening includes a first size. The photoresist layer is baked at a temperature below a glass transition temperature of the photoresist layer. A layer of SAFIER material is formed on the photoresist layer and the substrate. The layer of SAFIER material and the photoresist layer are baked at a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature to shrink the size of the opening. The layer of SAFIER material is removed. The first size of the opening is thus shrunk to a second size.

Abstract: A method of avoiding substrate noise in an integrated circuit includes steps of receiving as input from an integrated circuit design at least a portion of a block for placement and routing on a substrate and an outer boundary of the block, selecting an end cell from a set of end cells for terminating the block in an outer area that extends from the outer boundary to an end cell boundary outside the block, and placing the selected end cell in the outer area to isolate the block electrically from the substrate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing an input image to remove background color from the input image is described. The method includes the step of creating a histogram to calculate a dominant color of the input image. Next, the method determines if a threshold luminance is less than a luminance of the dominant color. If so, the method sets the output space values for RGB entries in a CMS table that match the dominant color to white. Finally, the method converts the input image to an output image by referencing the updated CMS table.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for classifying an input image as black and white or color is described. The method calculates a first ratio of a color pixel portion to a total pixel portion in the input image. Next, the method calculates a second ratio of the color pixel portion to a combined pixel portion in the input image, where the combined pixel portion comprises the color pixel portion and a dark black and white pixel portion. Finally, the method returns an indication the input image is black and white if the first ratio is less than a first threshold and the second ratio is less than a second threshold.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing an input image to remove background color from the input image is described. The method includes the step of creating a histogram to calculate a dominant color of the input image. Next, the method determines if a threshold luminance is less than a luminance of the dominant color. If so, the method sets the output space values for RGB entries in a CMS table that match the dominant color to white. Finally, the method converts the input image to an output image by referencing the updated CMS table.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing an input image to remove color marks from the input image. The method includes the steps of detecting RGB entries in a CMS table that are not on a gray diagonal proximity. Next, the method changes output space values for the RGB entries to a shade of gray. Finally, the method converts the input image to an output image by referencing the CMS table.