Abstract: An intake arrangement for an internal combustion engine, including an intake manifold including an intake collector and a plurality of branch pipes connected with the intake collector. The branch pipes extend in substantially same direction. The intake collector includes an inlet opening through which an intake air flow is introduced into the intake collector, and branch openings to which branch pipes are connected. The branch openings are arranged along a longitudinal direction of the intake collector such that as a distance thereof from the inlet opening decreases, an amount of offset thereof from a reference streamline of the intake air flow extending through substantially a center of the inlet opening along the longitudinal direction of the intake collector increases.

Abstract: A cylinder head assembly for an internal combustion engine houses a camshaft position sensor for determining an angular position of a camshaft. A cylinder head upper is disposed between a cylinder head and a cylinder head cover, covering a part of a top opening of the cylinder head. The cylinder head is softly mounted, while the cylinder head upper is rigidly mounted on the cylinder head. The cylinder head upper includes a sensor boss for the camshaft position sensor, so that the camshaft position sensor is facing downward toward a signal plate attached to the camshaft.

Abstract: An intake arrangement for an internal combustion engine, including an intake manifold including an intake collector disposed above the engine body, a plurality of branch pipes extending from the intake collector to an intake side of the engine body over above the engine body in a curved state, and a connecting wall disposed between the branch pipes. The branch pipes extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the intake collector and are arranged with space between adjacent ones of the branch pipes. The connecting wall covers the space between the adjacent ones of the branch pipes and coextends with the branch pipes. The connecting wall has an outside air introducing opening opposed to the intake side of the engine body.

Abstract: In a fixing portion against which an end surface of a capacitor element abuts is provided on a portion of a cathode lead frame covered with a casing resin, the distance through which external oxygen moves to reach the capacitor element is increased by the distance of the fixing portion, whereby probability of oxidation is remarkably reduced, thus oxidation hardly occurs in the capacitor element. Further, since the capacitor element can be reliably positioned by bringing its end into abutment against the fixing portion, assembly accuracy is largely improved and the capacitor can be made compact with ease.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a positive electrode foil of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is provided in which anodizing conditions are optimally determined and automatically set to minimize the loss of production and to produce a constant quality of the positive electrode foil. The method comprises an etching process and an anodizing process. An etched foil produced in the etching process is subjected to a constant current inspection, and then, the anodizing conditions are determined from the result of the constant current inspection. The anodizing conditions are transferred to a control panel in the anodizing process where they are automatically registered as its settings. Also, an apparatus for manufacturing the positive electrode foil is provided which has a voltage sensor connected between an output running roller and cathode electrodes in an anodizing tank. A voltage measured by the voltage sensor is fed back to a direct-current source for controlling its output voltage.

Abstract: In a fixing portion against which an end surface of a capacitor element abuts is provided on a portion of a cathode lead frame covered with a casing resin, the distance through which external oxygen moves to reach the capacitor element is increased by the distance of the fixing portion, whereby probability of oxidation is remarkably reduced, thus oxidation hardly occurs in the capacitor element. Further, since the capacitor element can be reliably positioned by bringing its end into abutment against the fixing portion, assembly accuracy is largely improved and the capacitor can be made compact with ease.

Abstract: A main unit includes a file manager for inputting and outputting data files and an add-on driver for performing an extended function. The file manager and the add-on driver are connected to a first serial interface through respective protocol circuits. Input terminals of the first serial interface are connected to predetermined contacts of a connecting section, respectively. A power supply supplies power VCC and VSS to predetermined contacts in the connecting section. Data is exchanged with a register and a page buffer through a second serial interface provided in an electronic device. A read area at an arbitrary address in the register is used as an area in which a current value is written. A write area at the same address is used as an area in which a control signal is written. For example, a current suppliability bit and a function enabled bit are provided.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a positive electrode foil of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is provided in which anodizing conditions are optimally determined and automatically set to minimize the loss of production and to produce a constant quality of the positive electrode foil. The method comprises an etching process and an anodizing process. An etched foil produced in the etching process is subjected to a constant current inspection, and then, the anodizing conditions are determined from the result of the constant current inspection. The anodizing conditions are transferred to a control panel in the anodizing process where they are automatically registered as its settings. Also, an apparatus for manufacturing the positive electrode foil is provided which has a voltage sensor connected between an output running roller and cathode electrodes in an anodizing tank. A voltage measured by the voltage sensor is fed back to a direct-current source for controlling its output voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sintered iron alloy and a method of manufacturing the same. The sintered alloy comprises: an alloy matrix and a lead phase for imparting lubricability to the sintered alloy. The alloy matrix comprises a first alloy phase being composed of 0.5 to 3% nickel by weight, 0.5 to 3% molybdenum by weight, 5.5 to 7.5% cobalt by weight, 0.6 to 1.2% carbon by weight, and the balance iron, and a second alloy phase being composed of 26 to 30% molybdenum by weight, 7 to 9% chromium by weight, 1.5 to 2.5% silicon by weight, and the balance cobalt. The content of the lead phase in the sintered alloy is not more than 3.5% by weight. The lead phase is dispersed in the alloy matrix and a pore which is formed in the alloy matrix. The ratio of the lead dispersed in the alloy matrix to the total lead phase is 60% by weight or more, and the lead phase dispersed in the alloy matrix is particles in which the maximum particle size is 10 .mu.m or less.

Abstract: A process for producing a graphite block from a plurality of graphitizable polymer films or a plurality of carbonaceous films separately obtained from graphitizable polymer films is described. The method comprises superposing the plurality of the graphitizable polymer films or the plurality of the carbonaceous films, and thermally treating the plurality of the graphitizable polymer films or the plurality of the carbonaceous films in a substantially compression pressure-free condition when the treating temperature is in the thermal carbonization temperature range and the graphitization temperature range and under compression pressures in temperature ranges between the thermal carbonization temperature and the graphitization temperature ranges and over the graphitization temperature range. The compression pressure over the graphitization temperature range should be higher than that in the range between the thermal carbonization and graphitization temperature ranges.

Abstract: An exchange system of a digital communication system includes a switch, and a frame correction numeral determining part for determining a frame correction numeral corresponding to a time delay of a path which is actually formed by the switch. An in-band signal dropping unit drops an in-band signal from the input time slots in a frame which lags behind a specific frame by the frame correction numeral. An in-band signal inserting part inserts the in-band signal into the output time slots of the specific frame of a subsequent multiframe subsequent to a multiframe having the input time slots from which the in-band signal is dropped by the in-band signal dropping unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a diacetylene compound comprising, as structural units, (a) at least one member selected from diacetylene group-containing organic groups of the formulae (I) and (II):R.sup.I --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--R.sup.II -- (I)and--R.sup.III --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--R.sup.IV -- (II)wherein R.sup.I is hydrogen or a (C1-16) monovalent organic group, and R.sup.II, R.sup.III and R.sup.IV are a (C1-13) divalent organic group,(b) at least one organic group having at least one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and (c) at least one connecting group connecting the units (a) and (b) , which connecting group is selected from amide, imide, ester, ether, amino, imino, urethane, sulfonyl and carbonyl bonds. A cured shaped article made of this compound exhibits isotropically a high elastic modulus and has excellent mechanical properties.

Abstract: Disclosed is a diacetylene compound comprising, as structural units,(a) at least one member selected from diacetylene group-containing organic groups of the formulae (I) and (II):R.sup.I --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--R.sup.II -- (I)and--R.sup.III --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--R.sup.IV -- (II)wherein R.sup.I is hydrogen or a (Cl-16) monovalent organic group, and R.sup.II, R.sup.III and R.sup.IV are a (C1-13) divalent organic group,(b) at least one organic group having at least one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and (c) at least one connecting group connecting the units (a) and (b), which connecting group is selected from amide, imide, ester, ether, amino, imino, urethane, sulfonyl and carbonyl bonds. A cured shaped article made of this compound exhibits isotropically a high elastic modulus and has excellent mechanical properties.

Abstract: A process for making an artificial graphite film from a graphitizable polymer is described. In the process, a starting polymer film having a defined thickness is thermally treated at a temperature of not lower than 2400.degree. C. in an inert gas to graphitize the film, and rolled to obtain a graphite film. The graphite film has good flexibility and elasticity with relatively smooth surfaces.

Abstract: Disclosed is a diacetylene compound comprising, as structural units, (a) at least one member selected from diacetylene group-containing organic groups of the formulae (I) and (II):R.sup.I --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--R.sup.II -- (I)and--R.sup.III --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--R.sup.IV -- (II)wherein R.sup.I is hydrogen or a (C1-16) monovalent organic group, and R.sup.II, R.sup.III and R.sup.IV are a (C1-13) divalent organic group, (b) at least one organic group having at least one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and (c) at least one connecting group connecting the units (a) and (b), which connecting group is selected from amide, imide, ester, ether, amino, imino, urethane, sulfonyl and carbonyl bonds. A cured shaped article made of this compound exhibits isotropically a high elastic modulus and has excellent mechanical properties.

Abstract: Graphite blocks are produced by a process wherein one or plural polymer films having a thickness of from 1 to 400 .mu.m and selected from aromatic polyimides, aromatic polyamides and polyoxadiazoles are heat treated to obtain carbonaceous films. A plurality of the carbonaceous films are hot pressure under certain conditions to obtain thick graphite blocks. The blocks have a remarkably improved rocking characteristic and are useful as radiation optical elements such as X-ray or neutron ray monochromators or filters. The blocks may be curved to obtain bent-type graphite articles.

Abstract: A carbon filament comprising carbon layers and having a carbon structure in which the carbon layers are arranged substantially in the form of growth rings as viewed in cross-section, said carbon structure having an I.sub.1580 /I.sub.1360 ratio in Raman scattering spectrum of 1 or more and being readily convertible upon heating to a graphite structure. The carbon filament is efficiently produced in high yield from a hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof by a process in which specific species of catalysts are employed, preferably in combination with a filament-forming auxiliary, in specific amount proportions. The carbon filament and graphite filament are useful as filling materials for plastics, rubbers, paints, adhesives, ceramics, carbons and metals. They are also useful as an electrode material, electromagnetic wave shield, etc.

Abstract: A crank angle detecting system for a multicylinder engine includes a disc formed with a large number of slits to detect one-degree crank angular positions and a small number of slits to detect a predetermined piston stroke for each cylinder. Since the widths of a small number of slits are different from each other, it is possible to separately discriminate each cylinder in crank angular position on the basis of the crank angle signals obtained by a large number of slits. In the case where the detecting system is incorporated with a group-ignition system, it is possible to detect a predetermined piston stroke for each cylinder immediately after the engine is started, thus preventing the engine from erroneous ignition.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying a pallet to a machine tool has two rows of pallet supports and a pallet carrier between the two rows. The two rows of pallet supports consist of one or more modules so that a change of the number of pallet supports can be easily achieved. The pallet carrier moves along and at a right angle to the two rows, and can be positioned under a desired pallet. The pallet carrier lifts the desired pallet and transfers it to the machine tool by only linear movement.

Abstract: A crank angle detecting system for a multicylinder engine includes a disc formed with a large number of slits to detect one-degree crank angular positions and a small number of slits to detect a predetermined piston stroke for each cylinder. Since the widths of a small number of slits are different from each other, it is possible to separately discriminate each cylinder in crank angular position on the basis of the crank angle signals obtained by a large number of slits. In the case where the detecting system is incorporated with a group-ignition system, it is possible to detect a predetermined piston stroke for each cylinder immediately after the engine is started, thus preventing the engine from erroneous ignition.