Abstract: Provided is a lead-acid battery including a negative electrode plate and a positive electrode plate. The negative electrode plate includes a negative electrode material containing graphite or carbon fiber, and the positive electrode plate includes a positive electrode material containing antimony.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorine-containing oligomer comprising a copolymer of a fluoroalkyl alcohol (meth)acrylic acid derivative of the formula: CnF2n+1(CH2)dOCOCR?CH2 [I], wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, n is an integer of 1 to 10, and d is an integer of 1 to 6; and a (meth)acrylic acid derivative of the formula: (CH2?CRCO)mR? [II], wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, m is 1, 2, or 3; and when m is 1, R? is —OH group, NH2 group that is unsubstituted or mono- or di-substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a monovalent group derived from an alkylene glycol or polyalkylene glycol group containing an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms; when m is 2 or 3, R? is a divalent or trivalent organic group derived from a diol or triol. The copolymerization reaction is performed using a hydrocarbon-based peroxide or azo compound polymerization initiator.

Abstract: Disclosed is an emulsion formed using, as an emulsifier, 0.01 to 30 parts by weight of a perfluoroalkylethyl phosphonic acid salt represented by the general formula: CnF2n+1CH2CH2P(O)(OM1)(OM2) [III] (M1: a hydrogen atom, ammonium salt, or organic amine salt, M2: an ammonium salt or organic amine salt, n: 1 to 6), based on 100 parts by weight of a perfluoropolyether oil represented by the general formula: RfO(C3F6O)p(C2F4O)q(CF2O)rRf? [I] (Rf and Rf?: C1-C5 perfluoroalkyl groups, p+q+r: 2 to 200) or the general formula: F(CF2CF2CF2O)nCF2CF3 [II] (n: 2 to 100), or a perfluorocarbon compound. In spite of using, as an emulsifier, a compound having a perfluoroalkyl group containing 6 or less carbon atoms, which is said to have low bioaccumulation potential, the emulsion exhibits excellent emulsification stability, and therefore can be effectively used as a surface-treating agent, such as a mold-releasing agent.

Abstract: Provided is a fluorine-containing macroinitiator, particularly a fluorine-containing macroinitiator that enables production of a fluorine-containing block copolymer containing a non-fluorine vinyl-based monomer having a long side chain. The fluorine-containing macroinitiator includes a polymer represented by the following formula (1) and having a number-average molecular weight of 3,000 to 100,000. In the following formula (1), R2, R3 and R4 are each a specific group, and Q is a polymer segment composed of a structural unit represented by the following formula (2). In the following formula (2), R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Rf is a fluoroalkyl group having a specific structure, and k is an appropriate integer that is not 0.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing boric acid composite capsule particles comprising a condensate of a fluorine-containing alcohol, a guest compound, and boric acid particles, wherein the fluorine-containing alcohol is represented by the general formula: RF-A-OH wherein RF is: a perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms, a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group containing a terminal perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms and a perfluoroalkylene group having 6 or less carbon atoms, and containing an O, S, or N atom, or a polyfluoroalkyl group in which some of the fluorine atom or atoms of the perfluoroalkyl group are replaced by hydrogen atom or atoms, and which contains a terminal perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms and a perfluoroalkylene group having 6 or less carbon atoms, wherein the perfluoroalkylene group may contain an O, S, or N atom, and one fluorine atom of the terminal perfluoroalkyl group may be replaced by —(CH2)f0H (wherein f is an integer of 1 to 3); and A is an alky

Abstract: The present invention provides fluorine-containing boric acid composite particles comprising a condensate of boric acid and a fluorine-containing alcohol represented by the general formula: RF-A-OH ??[I] wherein RF is a perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms, or a polyfluoroalkyl group, in which some of the fluorine atoms of the perfluoroalkyl group are replaced by a hydrogen atom or atoms, and which contains a terminal perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms and a perfluoroalkylene group having 6 or less carbon atoms; and A is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The fluorine-containing boric acid composite particles may also be a condensate of boric acid, the said fluorine-containing alcohol, and an alkoxysilane at a molar ratio of 1.0 or less based on the fluorine-containing alcohol. These fluorine-containing boric acid composite particles has excellent adhesion to inorganic substrates, and the like.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing titanium oxide—nano-silica composite particles comprising a condensate of a fluorine-containing alcohol and an alkoxysilane, and titanium oxide and nano-silica particles, wherein the fluorine-containing alcohol is represented by the general formula: RF—A—OH??[I] (wherein RF is a perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms, or a polyfluoroalkyl group, in which some of the fluorine atom or atoms of the perfluoroalkyl group are replaced by a hydrogen atom or atoms, and which contains a terminal perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms and a perfluoroalkylene group having 6 or less carbon atoms; and A is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms).

Abstract: A composite material of resin—fluorine-containing boric acid composite particles comprising a resin, and a condensate of boric acid and a fluorine-containing alcohol represented by the general formula RF-A-OH (wherein RF is a perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms, or a polyfluoroalkyl group, in which some of the fluorine atom or atoms of the perfluoroalkyl group are replaced by a hydrogen atom or hydrogen atoms, and which contains a terminal perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms and a perfluoroalkylene group having 6 or less carbon atoms; and A is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or comprising a resin, and a condensate of boric acid, the said fluorine-containing alcohol and an alkoxysilane at a molar ratio of 1.0 or less based on the fluorine-containing alcohol. These composite materials of resin—fluorine-containing boric acid composite particles has good adhesion to inorganic substrates, and the like.

Abstract: Provided is a fluorine-containing macroinitiator, particularly a fluorine-containing macroinitiator that enables production of a fluorine-containing block copolymer containing a non-fluorine vinyl-based monomer having a long side chain. The fluorine-containing macroinitiator includes a polymer represented by the following formula (1) and having a number-average molecular weight of 3,000 to 100,000. In the following formula (1), R2, R3 and R4 are each a specific group, and Q is a polymer segment composed of a structural unit represented by the following formula (2). In the following formula (2), R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Rf is a fluoroalkyl group having a specific structure, and k is an appropriate integer that is not 0.

Abstract: A control device, which handles a network system in which electronic devices installed in each of multiple rooms are connected via a communication network and each electronic device can perform communication via the communication network, includes: a control unit to selectively set a first control mode in which operation control according to operation input is performed as to a particular single electronic device, a second control mode in which operation control according to operation input is performed in common as to electronic devices installed in the same room, and a third control mode in which operation control according to operation input is performed in common as to electronic devices connected to the communication network, as an operation control mode according to predetermined operation input, and to generate a control command; and a transmission unit to transmit a control command that the control unit has generated according to the control mode.

Abstract: Provided is a fluorine-containing diblock copolymer having good water and oil repellency by using, as a raw material, a fluorine-containing (meth)acrylic ester having low bioaccumulation potential. The fluorine-containing diblock copolymer is produced by: process (A) a process for producing a fluorine-containing diblock copolymer by polymerizing a fluorine-containing (meth)acrylic ester represented by the following formula (1) in the presence of a trithiocarbonic ester compound and a radical polymerization initiator and then polymerizing a non-fluorine vinyl-based monomer, or process (B) a process for producing a fluorine-containing diblock copolymer by polymerizing a non-fluorine vinyl-based monomer in the presence of a trithiocarbonic ester compound and a radical polymerization initiator and then polymerizing a fluorine-containing (meth)acrylic ester represented by the following formula (1).

Abstract: Fluorine-containing nano composite particles comprising a condensate of a fluorine-containing alcohol represented by the general formula: RF-A-OH??[I] wherein RF is a perfluoroalkyl group or a polyfluoroalkyl group in which some of the fluorine atoms of the perfluoroalkyl group are replaced by hydrogen atoms, and A is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an alkoxysilane, or fluorine-containing nano composite particles comprising a condensate of a fluorine-containing alcohol represented by the general formula: RF?-A-OH??[Ia] or the general formula: HO-A-RF?-A-OH??[Ib] wherein RF? is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group containing an O, S, or N atom, RF? is a linear or branched perfluoroalkylene group containing an O, S, or N atom, and A is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an alkoxysilane.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorine-containing oligomer comprising a copolymer of a fluoroalkyl alcohol (meth)acrylic acid derivative represented by the general formula: CnF2n+1(CH2CF2)a(CF2CF2)b(CH2CH2)cOCOCR?CH2??[I] wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, n is an integer of 1 to 6, a is an integer of 1 to 4; b is an integer of 0 to 3; and c is an integer of 1 to 3; and a (meth)acrylic acid derivative represented by the general formula: (CH2?CRCO)mR???[II] wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, m is 1, 2, or 3; and when m is 1, R? is OH group, NH2 group that is unsubstituted or mono- or di-substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a monovalent group derived from an alkylene glycol or polyalkylene glycol group containing an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms; when m is 2 or 3, R? is a divalent or trivalent organic group derived from a diol or triol. The copolymerization reaction is performed using a hydrocarbon-based peroxide or azo compound polymerization initiator.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorine-containing oligomer comprising a copolymer of a fluoroalkyl alcohol (meth)acrylic acid derivative of the formula: CnF2n+1(CH2)dOCOCR?CH2 [I], wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, n is an integer of 1 to 10, and d is an integer of 1 to 6; and a (meth)acrylic acid derivative of the formula: (CH2?CRCO)mR? [II], wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, m is 1, 2, or 3; and when m is 1, R? is —OH group, NH2 group that is unsubstituted or mono- or di-substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a monovalent group derived from an alkylene glycol or polyalkylene glycol group containing an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms; when m is 2 or 3, R? is a divalent or trivalent organic group derived from a diol or triol. The copolymerization reaction is performed using a hydrocarbon-based peroxide or azo compound polymerization initiator.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing nano-silica composite particles comprising a condensate of a fluorine-containing alcohol represented by the general formula: RF-A-OH??[I] wherein RF is a perfluoroalkyl group or a polyfluoroalkyl group in which some of the fluorine atoms of the perfluoroalkyl group are replaced by hydrogen atoms, and A is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an alkoxysilane with nano-silica particles, or fluorine-containing nano-silica composite particles comprising a condensate of a fluorine-containing alcohol represented by the general formula: RF?-A-OH??[Ia] or the general formula: HO-A-RF?-A-OH??[Ib] wherein RF? is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group containing an O, S, or N atom, RF? is a linear or branched perfluoroalkylene group containing an O, S, or N atom, and A is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an alkoxysilane with nano-silica particles.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing nano composite particles comprising a condensate of a fluorine-containing alcohol represented by the general formula: RF-A-OH ??[I] wherein RF is a perfluoroalkyl group or a polyfluoroalkyl group in which some of the fluorine atoms of the perfluoroalkyl group are replaced by hydrogen atoms, and A is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an alkoxysilane, or fluorine-containing nano composite particles comprising a condensate of a fluorine-containing alcohol represented by the general formula: RF?-A-OH ??[Ia] or the general formula: HO-A-RF?-A-OH ??[Ib] wherein RF? is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group containing an O, S, or N atom, RF? is a linear or branched perfluoroalkylene group containing an O, S, or N atom, and A is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and an alkoxysilane.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing calcium composite particles comprising an aggregate of a fluorine-containing alcohol represented by the general formula: CnF2n+1(CH2CF2)a(CF2CF2)b(CH2CH2)cOH wherein n is an integer of 1 to 6, a is an integer of 1 to 4, b is an integer of 0 to 3, and c is an integer of 1 to 3; and a calcium compound, or fluorine-containing calcium composite particles comprising a condensate of a fluorine-containing alcohol represented by the general formula: RF-A-OH or the general formula: HO-A-RF?-A-OH wherein RF is a liner or branched perfluoroalkyl group that may contain an O, S, or N atom, or a polyfluoroalkyl group in which some of the fluorine atoms of the perfluoroalkyl group are replaced by hydrogen atoms; RF? is a linear or branched perfluoroalkylene group containing an O, S, or N atom; and A is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; alkoxysilane, and a calcium compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is an emulsion formed using, as an emulsifier, 0.01 to 30 parts by weight of a perfluoroalkylethyl phosphonic acid salt represented by the general formula: CnF2n+1CH2CH2P(O)(OM1)(OM2) [III] (M1: a hydrogen atom, ammonium salt, or organic amine salt, M2: an ammonium salt or organic amine salt, n: 1 to 6), based on 100 parts by weight of a perfluoropolyether oil represented by the general formula: RfO(C3F6O)p(C2F4O), (CF2O), Rf? [I] (Rf and Rf?: C1-C5 perfluoroalkyl groups, p+q+r: 2 to 200) or the general formula: F(CF2CF2CF2O)nCF2CF3 [II](n: 2 to 100), or a perfluorocarbon compound. In spite of using, as an emulsifier, a compound having a perfluoroalkyl group containing 6 or less carbon atoms, which is said to have low bioaccumulation potential, the emulsion exhibits excellent emulsification stability, and therefore can be effectively used as a surface-treating agent, such as a mold-releasing agent.

Abstract: A polyfluoroalkylphosphonic acid ester represented by the general formula: CnF2n+1(CH2CF2)a(CF2CF2)b(CH2CH2)cP(O)(OR)2 (R is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, n is an integer of 1 to 6, a is an integer of 1 to 4, b is an integer of 1 to 3, and c is an integer of 1 to 3) is produced by a process of reacting a polyfluoroalkyl iodide represented by the general formula: CnF2n+1(CH2CF2)a(CF2CF2)b(CH2CH2)cI with a trialkyl phosphite represented by the general formula: P(OR)3 or by a process of reacting a polyfluoro-1-alkene represented by the general formula: CnF2n+1(CH2CF2)a(CF2CF2)bCH?CH2 with a dialkyl phosphite represented by the general formula: (RO)2P(O)H.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing an aqueous emulsion containing a fluorine-containing copolymer comprising, as copolymerizable monomers, (A) at least one of a perfluoroalkylalkyl acrylate and a corresponding methacrylate represented by the general formula: CnF2n+1CmH2mOCOCR?CH2, wherein R is hydrogen or methyl group, n is 4, 5, or 6, and m is 1, 2, 3, or 4; (B) benzyl acrylate or benzyl methacrylate; (C) a fluorine-free polymerizable monomer other than benzyl acrylate and benzyl methacrylate; and (D) a crosslinkable group-containing polymerizable monomer; the copolymer being produced by previously subjecting 10 to 80 wt. % of the total weight of component (A) and 0 to 60 wt.