Abstract: A high temperature oxide superconducting wire is provided which is capable of preventing metal located on the outer periphery of the superconducting wire from diffusing into a superconductor to achieve restriction of reduction in the critical current density. The high temperature oxide superconducting wire includes a high temperature oxide superconductor 1, a sheathing body 2 formed of material containing silver for coating the high temperature oxide superconductor 1, a heat-resistant oxide ceramic material 3 for coating the sheathing body 2, and a coating body 4 mwhich is inactive relative to the heat-resistant oxide ceramic material 3 in a high temperature oxidative atmosphere.

Abstract: A fatty acid and/or an alkyl ester of a fatty acid and isethionic acid are allowed to react at a temperature of not more than 130° C. The present invention provides a process for preparing a fatty ester of isethionic acid or a salt thereof exhibiting an ameliorated hue and smell and in which few by-products are produced.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive effect film achieves sufficiently large resistance variation ratio, sufficient switch connection force from an anti-ferromagnetic layer to a fixed magnetic layer, certainly maintains head resistance at a temperature higher than or equal to 200° C. with certainly maintaining good soft magnetic characteristics of NiFe layer or NiFe layer/CoFe layer, and is superior in thermal stability and has large magnetoresistance variation ratio (MR ratio). The magnetoresistive effect film is a stacked film which is consisted of a substrate, an buffer layer, a NiFe layer, a non-magnetic layer, a fixed magnetic layer, and an anti-ferromagnetic layer. A crystal grain size of the stacked film is greater than or equal to 8 nm and less than or equal to a total layer thickness of the stacked layer excluding the substrate and the buffer layer.

Abstract: A vehicle seat provided with a seat cushion the support frame of which is supported by a suspension mechanism, wherein the suspension mechanism includes a torsion bar spring loaded to resiliently support the support frame of the seat cushion, and wherein a spring adjustment mechanism is assembled with the suspension mechanism for adjusting the resilient force of the torsion bar spring.

Abstract: A magneto-resistance effect head (MR head) is provided, wherein a lower electrode-cum-magnetic shield layer is provided on a substrate, a magnetic gap adjusting layer is provided thereon, a magneto-resistance effect element (MR element) is provided on the magnetic gap adjusting layer, and an upper electrode-cum-magnetic shield layer is provided on the MR element. A pair of vertical bias layers is provided at both sides of the MR element. In the MR element, a lower layer, a free magnetic layer, a nonmagnetic layer, a fixed magnetic layer, and a fixing layer are provided in order from the magnetic gap adjusting layer side. By providing the magnetic gap adjusting layer between the lower electrode-cum-magnetic shield layer and the free magnetic layer, the free magnetic layer can be made to be sufficiently separate from the lower electrode-cum-magnetic shield layer. Thereby, since a sufficient leak magnetic field can be applied to the free magnetic layer, the head reproduction output is improved.

Abstract: An MR (Magneto Resistance) effect element includes a free magnetic layer having a small coercive force and therefore reduces the hysteresis of the R-H loop. An MR effect sensor and an MR sensing system using the above MR effect elenient and featuring a desirable noise characteristic are also disclosed.

Abstract: In a valve operating system for an internal combustion engine, a support shaft supporting a roller is fitted in a fitting bore of a rocker arm, and a pin fixed in the rocker arm engages with an engage groove provided on the outer surface of the support shaft so as to extend in a direction tangential to an imaginary circle about the axis of the support shaft, an insertion bore which extends in a straight line and connects to an inner surface of a fitting bore at a position corresponding to the engage groove of the support shaft is provided in the rocker arm and the pin engaging with the engage groove by being inserted into the insertion bore is engaged with the rocker arm by crimping at least one end of the pin with flat punches so as to be fixed in the rocker arm. The pin can thus be fixed effectively in the rocker arm while maintaining the rigidity of the rocker arm.

Abstract: A magneto-resistance (MR) effect element in which a temperature causing rotation of the magnetization direction can be adjusted by controlling a thickness of a layer constituting a superlattice of a magnetization-fixing layer made from a combination of a metal antiferromagnetic layer and/or a ferrimagnetic layer.

Abstract: A superconducting current lead includes a cylindrical support member 3, and superconducting wire material units 1 each of which is fixed onto the support member and each of which is composed of a single tape-like oxide superconducting wire material or a laminated tape-like oxide superconducting wire material, wherein tape surf aces of the superconducting wire material units are disposed in parallel with a circumferential direction in a cylindrical coordinate system, and the cylindrical support member is formed from a low thermal conductivity material.

Abstract: In a magnetoresistive element, an underlying metal layer is formed on a substrate, and a magnetoresistive layer is formed on the underlying metal layer. The underlying metal layer has a thickness of about 0.1 to 3.0 nm.

Abstract: An immobilizer ECU (20) compares an internally stored reference code with a key code transmitted from a key (10). An engine ECU (24) transmits a rolling code A when an engine speed reaches 500 rpm. The immobilizer ECU (20) transmits a rolling code B when the codes coincide with each other. The engine ECU (24) will stop an engine if it cannot receive the rolling code B within a prescribed period of time. Further, there is provided a counter CIMMOF which is incremented at the beginning of such a process. The counter CIMMOF is reset only when the process is normally completed. If an ignition is turned off prior to transmission and reception of the rolling codes, the counter CIMMOF will be counted up. According to a value of the counter CIMMOF, a period of waiting for the rolling code B is gradually shortened. Further, when the process is completed or a backup power supply to a backup memory (24d) is cut off, a time to transmit and receive the rolling codes is advanced.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive effect element comprises a base layer, an antiferromagnetic layer extending over the base layer, a pinned magnetic layer extending over the antiferromagnetic layer, a first non-magnetic layer extending over the pinned magnetic layer, and a free magnetic layer extending over the first non-magnetic layer, wherein the pinned magnetic layer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of Co-based materials, Ni-based materials, Fe-based materials and alloys thereof, and wherein the free magnetic layer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of amorphous magnetic materials, iron nitride based materials, Sendust and alloys based on Co, Fe, Ni, NiFe, NiFeCo, FeCo, CoFeB, CoZrMo, CoZrNb, CoZr, CoZrTa, CoHf, CoTa, CoTaHf, CoNbHf, CoHfPd, CoTaZrNb and CoZrMoNi.

Abstract: To prevent the engine from becoming able to be started by a cut-off of the communication line, for example, an engine control ECU 20 contains a reference code which is used to compare with a personal ID code transmitted from a transponder 12 of a key 10. A key insertion detecting switch 22 start this comparison when the insertion of the key is detected, and finishes the comparison before the engine is started. When a trouble of the key insertion detecting switch 22 is detected, a code collating section 20b collates the ID code with a reference code until the number of revolutions of the engine 30 exceeds 500 rpm. Therefore, even when the key insertion detecting switch 22 becomes out of order, it is possible to recognize the operation with a correct key, and give a permission to start the engine 30.

Abstract: A magnoresistance effect element made up of an anti-ferromagnetic layer, a fixed magnetic layer, a non-magnetic and a free magnetic layer, laminated successively onto a base layer. The ant-ferromagnetic layer is a layer film or multiple layer film comprising Ni oxide, Co oxide, or Fe oxide as a principal component, or a mixture of these. An adhesive layer for preventing peeling due to heat generated by the flow of current is provided between the base layer and the anti-ferromagnetic layer. By providing an adhesive layer between the base layer and the ferromagnetic layer in this way, the adhesive force between the base layer and the anti-ferromagnetic layer is increased, and therefore peeling does not occur, even if there are temperature changes in the magnetoresistance effect element.

Abstract: A soft magnetic layer is employed in place of the nonmagnetic insulating layer in a yoke type or flux guide type magnetoresistive head in which the magnetoresistive element is provided with a yoke or flux guide via a non-magnetic insulating layer which overlaps the magnetoresistive element, in part. Thus, leakage magnetic field can be guided effectively and playback output can be improved.

Abstract: An under layer 101, a first free magnetic layer 102, a non-magnetic layer 104, a fixed magnetic layer 106 and an anti-ferromagnetic layer 107 are formed in the mentioned order on a substrate 100. The under layer 11 is a laminate layer 101 is a laminate layer constituted by two or more metal layers of different materials. The metal layers are formed by using a member or an alloy of two or more members of the metal group consisting of Ta, Hr, Zr, W, Cr, Ti, Mo, Pt, Ni, Ir, Cu, Ag, Co, Zn, Ru, Rh, Re, Au, Os, Pd, Nb and V.

Abstract: The invention provides a magnetoresistance effects film including (a) at least two thin magnetic films deposited on a substrate, (b) at least one thin nonmagnetic film interposed between the thin magnetic films, and (c) a thin antiferromagnetic film disposed adjacent to one of the thin magnetic films between which the thin nonmagnetic film is interposed. A bias magnetic field of one of the thin magnetic films induced by the thin antiferromagnetic film has an intensity Hr greater than a coercivity H.sub.C2 of the other of the thin magnetic films which is remote from the thin antiferromagnetic film (Hr>H.sub.C2). The thin antiferromagnetic film has a superlattice structure composed of at least two of NiO, Ni.sub.x Co.sub.1-x O(x=0.1-0.9) and CoO. A ratio of Ni relative to Co in the number of atoms in the superlattice structure is set equal to or greater than 1.0.

Abstract: An abrasive material is prepared by dispersing silicon nitride particles acting as abrasive particles in a solvent such as a pure water or an ultra pure water, followed by adding an adsorptive stickable to the abrasive particles to the dispersion. The resultant abrasive material permits diminishing the polishing rate of a silicon nitride film used as a stopper film, with the result that a CVD SiO.sub.2 film to be polished is selectively polished relative to the Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 film used as the stopper film. This makes it possible to make the stopper film as thin as possible and permits the CVD SiO.sub.2 film to be flattened efficiently without bringing about a dishing problem.

Abstract: An engine start controlling device prevents an engine from starting with exchanged ECUs. In a non-volatile memory 20f of an engine control ECU 20, information regarding whether or not an immobilizer function is used is stored, while a judging unit 20e interprets signals from input terminals 40-1-40-n and judges whether or not an immobilizer function is available. Only when the signals from the input terminals 40-1-40-n show immobilizer function unavailableness does the ECU operate as an ECU without the immobilizer function.

Abstract: In an engine start control device useful as a vehicle robbery prevention device, a reference code is stored in EEPROM (20a) of an immobilizer ECU (20), and a processor (20b) compares a key code transmitted from a transponder (12) of a key (10) with the reference code. Subsequently, in case of an inconsistency, a signal L is transmitted to an engine ECU (24) to stop an engine (30), but when the collation is not completed or when another communication is not performed, the immobilizer ECU (20) transmits to the engine ECU (24) a start code encoded in an encoder (20c). The engine ECU (24) decodes the start code by a decoder (24b) to recognize it. Subsequently, if the start code cannot be recognized, the engine (30) is stopped. Thereby, in a case where a communication line connecting the immobilizer ECU (20) and the engine ECU (24) is disconnected, the engine (30) can be stopped.