Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material is made of a molded and cured composition containing a fibrous base other than asbestos, a binder, a filler and an abrasive. The abrasive includes zirconium silicate beads. Friction materials thus constituted have suitable coefficients of friction, exhibit a good noise performance, and minimize mating surface attack.

Abstract: Front edges 212b of blades 212 are so constituted as to be deviated toward the upstream side in the air stream beyond an axial end surface 211a, as viewed from a direction at right angles to the axial direction of a boss 211, and the blades 212 on the root side thereof are continuous to the axial end surface 211a through smoothly curved surfaces 213. This enables the air to flow from the side of the axial end surface 211a toward the root side of the blades 212. Due to the air flowing from the side of the axial end surface 211a to the root side of the blades 212, therefore, the resistance decreases between the air and the surfaces of the blades 212 on the root side, making it possible to suppress the occurrence of stalling on the root side of the blades 212. The air on the front side of the boss 211 is effectively guided toward the outer direction (toward the blades 212), preventing a drop in the flow rate and in the fan efficiency of a blower 200.

Abstract: A pump swash plate is assembled in a swash plate hydraulic pump in a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission. In a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission having a hydraulic closed circuit constituted between a swash plate hydraulic pump P and a swash plate hydraulic motor M and including a high pressure oil passage for sending hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor M side from the hydraulic pump P side and a low pressure oil passage for sending hydraulic oil to the hydraulic pump P side from the hydraulic motor M side, a cutaway portion with which an engaging part of a positioning jig fitted in a casing is put into contact when assembling the pump swash plate is provided on the back surface of the plate of the hydraulic pump P.

Abstract: The present invention provides non-asbestos-based friction materials for brakes, clutches or the like for automobiles, large-size trucks, railway cars and various industrial machines, characterized in that it causes no cancer or pneumoconiosis (in particular silicosis) in humans, has excellent friction and rust-proof performance and a lower tendency of counter surface attack. The non-asbestos-based friction materials are made by molding and curing a composition comprising, as the major components, a fibrous base, binder and filler, wherein the fibrous base has a length of 5 &mgr;m or more and diameter of 3 &mgr;m or less; is free of inorganic fibers having an aspect ratio (fiber length/fiber diameter) of above 3; and contains chopped strands of amorphous silica, 1 mm or more but less than 3 mm long and 6 &mgr;m or more but less than 10 &mgr;m in diameter.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material made by molding and curing a composition comprised of a fibrous base, a binder, and a filler has a 100 Hz vibration damping factor (tan &dgr;) at 300° C. minus tan &dgr; at 50° C. value of at least −0.030. The binder may be a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin, a resin mixture of a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin and a rubber-modified phenolic resin, or a resin mixture of two or more rubber-modified phenolic resins. The friction material has an excellent and long-lasting noise performance, and good wear resistance, functional stability, and fade resistance. The rapid curability of the composition enables a short molding cycle.

Abstract: A radiological imaging apparatus of the present invention comprises an image pickup device and a medical examinee holding device that is provided with a bed. The image pickup device includes a large number of radiation detectors and radiation detector support plates. A large number of radiation detectors are mounted around the circumference of a through-hole and arranged in the axial direction of the through-hole. The radiation detectors are arranged in three layers formed radially with respect to the center of the through-hole and mounted on the lateral surfaces of the radiation detector support plates. Since the radiation detectors are not only arranged in the axial direction and circumferential direction of the through-hole but also arrayed in the radial direction, it is possible to obtain accurate information about a &ggr;-ray arrival position in the radial direction of the through-hole (the positional information about a radiation detector from which a &ggr;-ray image pickup signal is output).

Abstract: A pressure regulating valve is provided in a hydrostatic, continuously variable transmission having a hydraulic closed circuit including a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, and a high pressure oil passage and a low pressure oil passage disposed between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor. The pressure regulating valve is provided for relieving the hydraulic pressure in the low pressure oil passage into the high pressure oil passage when the hydraulic pressure in the low pressure oil passage exceeds a predetermined value. The present invention prevents excessive pressure in the oil passages, particularly in the normally low pressure passage that serves as a high pressure side during a speed reducing operation, e.g. an engine braking or reverse load situation.

Abstract: Front edges 212b of blades 212 are so constituted as to be deviated toward the upstream side in the air stream beyond an axial end surface 211a, as viewed from a direction at right angles to the axial direction of a boss 211, and the blades 212 on the root side thereof are continuous to the axial end surface 211a through smoothly curved surfaces 213. This enables the air to flow from the side of the axial end surface 211a toward the root side of the blades 212. Due to the air flowing from the side of the axial end surface 211a to the root side of the blades 212, therefore, the resistance decreases between the air and the surfaces of the blades 212 on the root side, making it possible to suppress the occurrence of stalling on the root side of the blades 212. The air on the front side of the boss 211 is effectively guided toward the outer direction (toward the blades 212), preventing a drop in the flow rate and in the fan efficiency of a blower 200.

Abstract: A swash plate type hydraulic pump and a swash plate type hydraulic motor in formed in combination to reduce the amount of oil leakage and to increase efficiency in a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission. A hydrostatic continuously variable transmission including a swash plate type hydraulic pump, a swash plate type hydraulic motor, and a hydraulic closed circuit disposed between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor. The hydraulic pump is integrally combined with the hydraulic motor by an output shaft press-fitted in a cylinder block B in which pump cylinder bores and motor cylinder bores are formed in parallel to the output shaft. The diameters of back portions of the pump cylinder bore and the motor cylinder bore are larger relative to the diameters of entry portions to the pump cylinder bore and the motor cylinder bore. Wherein a press-fitting portion is not provided at the contact portions inside the entry portions with the output shaft.

Abstract: According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately start an optical disc apparatus and to reduce a startup time therefor, and it is possible to securely and accurately reproduce/record information with respect to a plurality of types of optical discs in accordance with the type. According to the present invention, by calculating a threshold value of quantity of reflected light for discriminating the type of optical disc on a basis of a measured value of quantity of reflected light from an optical disc of high reflectivity such as CD-ROM and CD-R and a measured value of quantity of reflected light from an optical disc of low reflectivity such as CD-RW to update the threshold value, the type of the optical disc loaded into the optical disc apparatus is discriminated securely and in short time.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material is made by molding and curing a composition comprising a fibrous base, a filler, a binder, and tin and/or tin sulfide and exhibits excellent wear resistance and less metal pickup at high temperatures.

Abstract: A grip is used for a mechanical pencil including a shaft tip portion, a core guide, and a core. This grip is formed into a tube-shape. The grip includes a tip portion, a base portion, and a spacing portion. The tip portion has a tip and a through hole portion and is shaped into a conical-shape so that a diameter thereof is reduced towards the tip. The base portion has a predetermined inner diameter such that the shaft tip portion of the mechanical pencil is treed into the base portion. The spacing portion is formed inside the tip portion and houses the core guide and the core. The core is movable in and out of the tip portion via the through hole portion.

Abstract: A swash plate type hydraulic pump and a swash plate type hydraulic motor in formed in combination to reduce the amount of oil leakage and to increase efficiency in a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission. A hydrostatic continuously variable transmission including a swash plate type hydraulic pump, a swash plate type hydraulic motor, and a hydraulic closed circuit disposed between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor. The hydraulic pump is integrally combined with the hydraulic motor by an output shaft press-fitted in a cylinder block B in which pump cylinder bores and motor cylinder bores are formed in parallel to the output shaft. The diameters of back portions of the pump cylinder bore and the motor cylinder bore are larger relative to the diameters of entry portions to the pump cylinder bore and the motor cylinder bore. Wherein a press-fitting portion is not provided at the contact portions inside the entry portions with the output shaft.

Abstract: A pump swash plate is assembled in a swash plate hydraulic pump in a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission. In a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission having a hydraulic closed circuit constituted between a swash plate hydraulic pump P and a swash plate hydraulic motor M and including a high pressure oil passage for sending hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor M side from the hydraulic pump P side and a low pressure oil passage for sending hydraulic oil to the hydraulic pump P side from the hydraulic motor M side, a cutaway portion with which an engaging part of a positioning jig fitted in a casing is put into contact when assembling the pump swash plate is provided on the back surface of the plate of the hydraulic pump P.

Abstract: A pressure regulating valve is provided in a hydrostatic, continuously variable transmission having a hydraulic closed circuit including a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, and a high pressure oil passage and a low pressure oil passage disposed between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor. The pressure regulating valve is provided for relieving the hydraulic pressure in the low pressure oil passage into the high pressure oil passage when the hydraulic pressure in the low pressure oil passage exceeds a predetermined value. The present invention prevents excessive pressure in the oil passages, particularly in the normally low pressure passage that serves as a high pressure side during a speed reducing operation, e.g. an engine braking or reverse load situation.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to simplify a structure for supporting a distributor valve and to reduce the weight thereof in a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission. A U-shaped clip is placed into a groove made on the head portion of a distributor valve and the distributor valve is passed in this state through the elongated hole of an expansion ring and the clip ring is engaged with the expansion ring whereas the inner peripheral surface of a slip ring is engaged with the head portion of the distributor valve.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material made by molding and curing a composition comprised of a fibrous base, a binder, and a filler has a 100 Hz vibration damping factor (tan &dgr;) at 300° C. minus tan &dgr; at 50° C. value of at least −0.030. The binder may be a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin, a resin mixture of a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin and a rubber-modified phenolic resin, or a resin mixture of two or more rubber-modified phenolic resins. The friction material has an excellent and long-lasting noise performance, and good wear resistance, functional stability, and fade resistance. The rapid curability of the composition enables a short molding cycle.

Abstract: In a portable electronic appliance, it includes a housing and a detecting apparatus. The detecting apparatus includes a shock detecting portion and a fixing portion. The shock detecting portion has at least one shock sensing portion which is damaged or deformed due to a shock stronger than or equal to a pre-selected strength. The fixing portion fixes the shock detecting portion to an inside of a housing of an electronic appliance.

Abstract: A vehicle cooling apparatus having a simple construction that enables the size of a cooling fan electric motor to be reduced without the need to increase the number of batteries provided for driving the motor. The cooling fan provides necessary cooling for an engine radiator and an air-conditioning system condenser by driving the motor at an input power lower than its rated power by a predetermined amount until the temperature of the engine cooling water reaches a predetermined temperature. If the water temperature rises above the predetermined temperature, the electric motor input power is increased to a level greater than its rated input power for a predetermined time period. As a result, cooling capacity can be increased and the water temperature can be lowered with a smaller motor when the water temperature has become abnormally high. Because the electric motor is normally driven at an input power lower than its rated input power, the life of the electric motor is increased.

Abstract: A vehicle cooling system including a motor control apparatus that controls operation of a system motor when a cooling fan driven by the motor locks due to foreign matter interference or freezing. When motor input current is detected to be overcurrent, the controller limits the current flow. When current flowing to the electric motor is detected to be overcurrent and ambient air temperature is at or above a predetermined temperature, the controller stops energization of the motor. Thus, when the cooling fan freezes and locks, energization of the motor is maintained until ambient air temperature reaches or exceeds the predetermined temperature. Therefore, when the frozen-locked state is eliminated due to a subsequent temperature rise, an ordinary operating state can again be obtained without the controller subsequently detecting surge current, generated as a result of the motor being re-started from a fully stopped state, as overcurrent and therefore incorrectly stopping motor energization.