Abstract: Determination of a plurality of species of antibodies or antigens is attained by a method which comprises forming a plurality of different kinds of reaction membranes each having a different species of antibody or antigen on an electrophoretic carrier, superposing these reaction membranes, optionally superposing a filter on the laminate of reaction membranes, inserting the laminate in an electrolyte, adding a plurality of different species of antigens or antibodies corresponding to the plurality of species of antibodies or antigens supported in the aforementioned reaction membranes, electrophoretically moving the added antigens or antibodies through the electrolyte and enabling them to react with the antibodies or antigens supported on the reaction membranes, and measuring the concentrations of either the antigens or antibodies resulting from the reaction or the antibodies or antigens supported in an unreacted form on the reaction membranes.

Abstract: The degree of agglutination is measured in a magnetic manner instead of optical manner. Microparticles are composed of a magnetic material and the agglutinated condition is measured using a magnetometer. The sizes and distribution of agglutinated materials formed by the antigen-antibody coupling reaction can be correctly measured without affected by light-scattering materials such as proteins or blood cells contained in the specimen, or by absorbant such as pigment, or by fluorescent material. Therefore, the concentration of antigen is measured maintaining high precision.

Abstract: An immunoassay comprisingimmobilizing antibody in a matrix for electrophoresis;immobilizing antigen in a measurement sample by subjecting the same to antigen antibody reaction with the above-mentioned immobilized antibody by a procedure of moving the antigen by electrophoresis;either moving labeled antibody to the above-mentioned immobilized antigen by electrophoresis to react the same with the immobilized antigen, or moving labeled antigen to the unreacted portion of the above-mentioned immobilized antibody by electrophoresis to react the same with the unreacted portion; andmeasuring the concentration of antigen in the sample, characterized byusing as a label for the labeled antibody or the labeled antigen an enzyme capable of coverting a substrate into a fluorescent substance,moving the substrate convertible into a fluorescent substance by said enzyme by electrophoresis,reacting the substrate with the label enzyme to convert the same into a fluorescent substance, andmeasuring the concentration of the fluore

Abstract: An immunoassay method for measuring a concentration of an antigen for a short period of time by immobilizing an antibody over the whole zone of an effective supporting matrix for electrophoresis and fixing an antigen in a sample to be measured by electrophoresis for the antigen-antibody reaction between said immobilized antibody and said antigen.