Abstract: Nongelled, amine functional polymers dispersible in water with the aid of a solubilizing acid are provided by copolymerizing (A) an ethylenically unsaturated hydroxy functional amine adduct free of epoxy groups and containing from about 1.4 to about 2.0 ethylenically unsaturated amine groups per molecule, formed from a polyepoxide having a 1,2-epoxy equivalency of from 1.4 to about 2.0 and at least a stoichiometric amount of a secondary amine with two unsaturated groups; and (B) copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, a portion of which is amine-functional. The water solutions are particularly useful to enable corrosion resistant coatings to be electrodeposited at the cathode.

Abstract: A low temperature-curing aqueous coating composition contains an acidic solution copolymer of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, including about 2% to about 20% of carboxyl-functional monomer based on the weight of the copolymer, with a mixture of ethylenically unsaturated esters of ethylenically unsaturated fatty acids with organic solvent soluble and water insoluble polymeric polyol and water soluble bisphenol-ethylene oxide adduct polyol. Cure is preferably obtained using aminoplast and phenoplast curing agents, and the curing temperature is further lowered because the copolymer includes residual unsaturation providing an air dry capacity.

Abstract: Low temperature curing aqueous coatings are provided by combining a water soluble bisphenol polyol with a branched copolymer of an unsaturated epoxy ester with monoethylenic monomers including about 3% to about 20% carboxyl-functional monomer, based on the weight of the copolymer, so that the copolymer can be dispersed in water with the aid of a volatile base. The solids content is increased or the viscosity is lowered, the curing temperature is reduced, and the corrosion resistance is enhanced by the presence of the bisphenol polyol.

Abstract: Thermosetting aqueous epoxy-acrylic copolymer coating systems adapted to cure on air drying are provided using a first package constituted by acid-neutralized organic solvent soluble tertiary amine copolymer comprising at least about 60% of non-reactive monoethylenic monomer, and from 15-40% of monoethylenic tertiary amine monomer, said copolymer being in solution in a watermiscible organic solvent, and a second component comprising a resinous polyepoxide in solution in at least partially water-miscible organic solvent.

Abstract: Cationic amine functional copolymers which are stably dispersible in water with the aid of water miscible organic solvent, and which cure to provide superior detergent and corrosion resistance are provided by forming a solution copolymer of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers including from 3% to 35% of monomer having a basic amino groups and from 35% to 50% of isobutoxymethyl acrylamide or methacrylamide, the copolymer being neutralized up to about 90% with a solubilizing acid to render the copolymer cationic and dispersible in water.

Abstract: The preparation of water dispersible amine-functional copolymers is disclosed in which a mixture of ethylenically unsaturated material including amine-functional monomer is slowly added to a heated heel of water miscible organic solvent containing a solubilizing acid in an amount to neutralize from 25% to 90% of the amine functionality in the copolymer, but insufficient to provide a pH below 5 when the copolymer is dispersed in aqueous medium.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for the production of a water dispersible solution of acidic copolymer in water soluble polyol with controlled limited reaction between the copolymer and the polyol. This method comprises copolymerizing monoethylenically unsaturated monomers including a proportion of carboxyl-functional monomer providing dispersibility in water with the aid of a base and from 0.5%-5%, based on the total weight of monomers, of a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer carrying a reactive group selected from dicarboxylic acid anhdyride functionality and N-methylol functionality, the copolymerization being carried out in solution in a water soluble polyol. This copolymerization is preceded by or carried out under conditions causing substantially complete reaction between the anhydride or the N-methylol functionality in the reactive monomer, and the hydroxy groups in the polyol. Aqueous coating compositions are provided by dispersing the copolymer solution in water with the aid of a volatile base.

Abstract: Resinous coating compositions of low volatile solvent content are provided which are sufficiently fluid to permit effective application, and which cure on baking at low temperature to provide hard stain- and detergent-resistant coatings of outstanding flexibility. These are made by copolymerizing monoethylenic monomers including monoethylenic monomer having a functional group reactive with N-methylol functionality and selected from carboxylic acid, hydroxy and amide groups, the copolymerization being carried out in a solvent solution containing a major proportion of liquid bishydroxy ethyl ether of a bisphenol, alone or together with the corresponding bishydroxy propyl ether. The copolymer solution has added thereto an aminoplast resin to provide a stable solution in which proportions are important so that coatings can be easily applied and cured to provide the desired characteristics without liberating excessive amounts of volatile material.

Abstract: Nongelled, amine functional polymers dispersible in water with the aid of a solubilizing acid are provided by copolymerizing (A) an ethylenically unsaturated hydroxy functional amine adduct free of epoxy groups and containing from about 1.4 to about 2.0 ethylenically unsaturated amine groups per molecule, formed from a polyepoxide having a 1,2-epoxy equivalency of from 1.4 to about 2.0 and at least a stoichiometric amount of a secondary amine with two unsaturated groups; and (B) copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, a portion of which is amine-functional. The water solutions are particularly useful to enable corrosion resistant coatings to be electrodeposited at the cathode.

Abstract: Low temperature curing aqueous coatings are provided in which the resin solids are constituted by an epoxy ester of a resinous polyepoxide with at least about 0.2 moles of monocarboxylic acid containing conjugated unsaturation and at least about 0.5 mole of monocarboxylic acid containing nonterminal nonconjugated unsaturation per equivalent in the polyepoxide. This epoxy ester is substantially free of epoxy groups and is copolymerized in solvent solution with monoethylenic monomers containing terminal unsaturation, including about 3% to about 20% carboxyl-functional monomers based on the weight of the copolymer to provide a nongelled, solvent-soluble copolymer possessing residual ethylenic unsaturation so that the copolymer can be dispersed in water with the aid of a base. These epoxy ester copolymers will dry and cure in air at room temperature.

Abstract: Aqueous coatings particularly adapted for interior sanitary can use are provided in which the resin solids are constituted by a solution copolymer of a resinous polyepoxide esterified to be epoxy-free with from about 0.3 to about 1.5 moles of at least one monocarboxylic acid containing conjugated ethylenic unsaturation per mol of polyepoxide. This esterified polyepoxide is Diels Alder adducted with from 3% to 10%, based on the weight of the copolymer, of an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid, and this adduct is copolymerized with from 10% to 50%, based on the weight of the copolymer, of monoethylenically unsaturated nonreactive monomer containing a terminal ethylenic group, such as styrene or vinyl toluene. This copolymer can be dispersed in water with the aid of a volatile base and aminoplast or phenoplast resin can be incorporated.

Abstract: Essentially solvent free resinous coating compositions are provided which are sufficiently fluid to permit effective application, and which cure on baking to provide chemically resistant flexible coatings. These are made by copolymerizing monoethylenic monomers including monoethylenic monomer having a functional group reactive with N-methylol functionality and selected from carboxylic acid, hydroxy and amide groups, the copolymerization being carried out in a solvent medium consisting essentially of liquid water insoluble trihydric alcohol having a molecular weight of at least 500. The copolymer solution in trihydric alcohol has added thereto an aminoplast resin to provide a stable solution in which proportions are important so that coatings can be easily applied and cured to provide hard, flexible, adherent, and corrosion resistant films without liberating large amounts of volatile material.

Abstract: Thermosetting aqueous epoxy-acrylic copolymer coating systems adapted to cure on air drying are provided using a first package constituted by acid-neutralized organic solvent soluble tertiary amine copolymer comprising at least about 40% of nonreactive monoethylenic monomer, from 5-35% of monoethylenic hydroxy-functional monomer, and from 5-35% of monoethylenic tertiary amine monomer, said copolymer being in solution in a water-miscible organic solvent, and a second component comprising a resinous polyepoxide in solution in at least partially water miscible organic solvent.

Abstract: Low temperature curing aqueous coatings are provided in which the resin solids are constituted by an epoxy ester of a resinous polyepoxide with at least about 0.2 mole of monocarboxylic acid containing conjugated unsaturation per epoxy equivalent in the polyepoxide and at least about 0.5 mole of monocarboxylic acid containing nonterminal nonconjugated unsaturation per epoxy equivalent in the polyepoxide. This epoxy ester is substantially free of epoxy groups and is copolymerized in solvent solution with monoethylenic monomers containing terminal unsaturation, including carboxyl-functional monomers and preferably also monomer providing a primary hydroxy group, and then precondensed with a phenolic resin to provide a non-gelled, solvent-soluble copolymer-phenolic condensate having carboxyl-functionality and residual ethylenic unsaturation.

Abstract: A high solids rapid-curing thermosetting solution coating composition containing less than about 30% of volatile organic solvent is provided by a mixture of: (1) an hydroxy functional polyester resin of: (A) 2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropyl-2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropionate; (B) isophthalic acid; and (C) a polyhydric alcohol containing at least three hydroxy groups per molecule and providing from 5 to 25% of the total hydroxy functionality in the polyester; said polyester having an equivalent ratio of hydroxyl to carboxyl functionalities of from 1.35:1 to 2.0:1; (2) liquid low volatile polyhydric alcohol containing from 2-4 hydroxy groups, and (3) liquid hexafunctional melamine resin. In this mixture, the polyester constitutes from about 30 to 70%, the liquid polyhydric alcohol constitutes from 10 to 50%, and the liquid melamine resin constitutes from 15 to 50%.

Abstract: A high gloss, water base, pigmented latex is provided by grinding a pigment into a water-free solution of a carboxyl-functional addition solution copolymerized copolymer of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers including at least about 10% by weight of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid in water miscible alcoholic organic solvent, the copolymer being at least partially neutralized at the time of grinding with an hydroxy amine, to render the said copolymer dispersible in water, and thereby form a nonaqueous pigment paste, and then mixing the nonaqueous pigment paste with an air drying aqueous latex of aqueous emulsion copolymerized copolymer particles. The invention includes the latex paint so-produced.

Abstract: A high gloss, water base, pigmented latex is provided by grinding a pigment into a water-free solution of a carboxyl-functional addition copolymer of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers including at least about 3% by weight of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid in water miscible organic solvent, the copolymer being at least partially neutralized with an amine, particularly an hydroxy amine, to render the said copolymer dispersible in water, and thereby form a nonaqueous pigment paste, and then mixing the nonaqueous pigment paste with an aqueous latex. The invention includes the latex paint so-produced.

Abstract: Nongelled, amine-functional copolymers dispersible in water with the aid of a solubilizing acid are provided by copolymerizing: (A) an ethylenically unsaturated hydroxy-functional adduct of a diepoxide having from about 1.2 to about 2.0 epoxy groups per molecule, said epoxy groups being replaced by ethylenically unsaturated groups; (B) copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomers including amine-functional monomer; and (C) a blocked ethylenically unsaturated isocyanate which preferably includes a plurality of alcohol-blocked isocyanate groups. The amine-functional polymers can be dispersed in water at a pH close to neutral, and they are particularly useful to enable corrosion-resistant coatings to be electrodeposited at the cathode and cured at a lower than usual baking temperature.

Abstract: Nongelled, amine functional polymers dispersible in water with the aid of a solubilizing acid are provided by copolymerizing (A) an ethylenically unsaturated hydroxy functional amine adduct free of epoxy groups and containing from about 1.4 to about 2.0 ethylenically unsaturated amine groups per molecule, formed from a polyepoxide having a 1,2-epoxy equivalency of from 1.4 to about 2.0 and at least a stoichiometric amount of an ethylenically unsaturated primary amine; and (B) copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, a portion of which is amine-functional. The water solutions are particularly useful to enable corrosion resistant coatings to be electrodeposited at the cathode.

Abstract: Essentially solvent-free resinous coating compositions are provided which are sufficiently fluid to permit effective application, and which cure on baking at low temperature to provide hard stain- and detergent-resistant coatings. These are made by copolymerizing monoethylenic monomers including monoethylenic monomer having a functional group reactive with N-methylol functionality and selected from carboxylic acid, hydroxy and amide groups, the copolymerization being carried out in a solvent medium consisting essentially of tetrahydric adduct of propylene oxide with pentaerythritol having a molecular weight of at least about 400. The copolymer solution has added thereto an aminoplast resin to provide a stable solution in which proportions are important so that coatings can be easily applied and cured to provide the desired characteristics without liberating large amounts of volatile material.