Abstract: The image display apparatus includes first and second display elements displaying partial images of a single image, and first and second optical elements each having first, second, and third surfaces. The first and second optical elements respectively allow light fluxes from the first and second display elements to enter the first and second optical elements through the first surface, and then respectively causing the light fluxes to be reflected by the second and third surfaces to emerge from the first and second optical elements through the second surface toward an exit pupil. The second surface of the second optical element has an overlap area facing or contacting the third surface of the first optical element. The second optical element causes the light flux from the second display element to emerge toward the exit pupil through a non-overlap area in the second surface.

Abstract: The image observation apparatus includes a first image-forming element and a second image-forming element each of which forms an original image, and an optical system configured to introduce light fluxes from the first and second image-forming elements to an exit pupil position of the optical system where an eye of an observer is placed. The optical system includes an optical surface as a single surface that reflects the light flux from the first image-forming element and transmits the light flux from the second image-forming element. The first image-forming element and the second image-forming element respectively form a first original image and a second original image that correspond to different viewing fields from the exit pupil position. The apparatus combines plural original images to enable observation of one combined image and that can suppress generation of light scattering.

Abstract: In an exposure device, a beam emitted from a light emitting point of a laser diode (LD) is limited by a slit. The slit limits a light beam in a direction orthogonal to an active layer of the LD. The exposure device has a moving mechanism which moves a plate in which the slit is provided, in a direction orthogonal to the plate. Object points are different at a beam and at flare light. Therefore, the plate is provided in a vicinity of the light emitting point in order to limit the light beam in the vicinity of the light emitting point, i.e., at a place near a point where a beam spot is smallest, and to be able to effectively block only the flare light.

Abstract: In a hybrid vehicle incorporating an internal combustion engine having an in-cylinder injector and a motor, when the temperature of the in-cylinder injector rises, if a current engine operation point is inside a prescribed intermediate load range (deposit risk range) where the temperature of the in-cylinder injector tends to rise, an engine load is increased or reduced while an engine speed is maintained, to thereby change the engine operation point to an engine operation point inside a low load range or to an engine point inside a high load range. A reduction or an increase in the engine output associated with the change of the engine operation point is compensated for by increasing or reducing the output of the motor. Thus, deposit accumulation in the in-cylinder injector is avoided.

Abstract: A membrane element in which, after membrane breakage or deterioration, the filtration plate made of a thermoplastic resin can be reused to replace the membrane with a fresh one. The membrane element comprises a filtration plate made of a thermoplastic resin and, bonded to a peripheral smooth surface thereof, a microporous filter membrane which has fine pores formed therein and employs a nonwoven fabric comprising synthetic resin fibers as a support. A hot plate having a shape corresponding to the peripheral shape of the resinous filtration plate is brought into contact with a peripheral smooth surface of the plate so as to form a recessed part in the surface. The temperature of the hot plate is regulated so as to be not higher than the melting point of the nonwoven fabric serving as the support and not lower than the Vicat softening temperature of the filtration plate made of a thermoplastic resin.

Abstract: In a rotary electric machine, for enhancing the reliability and reducing the size thereof, the rotary electric machine comprises a stator, and a rotor opposed to the stator and adapted to be rotated around a shaft, the rotor having an iron core formed therein with a plurality of axial holes formed in the iron core, a plurality of conductor bars inserted respectively in the holes, and end rings provided at the end parts of the conductor bars, wherein the outer peripheral parts of the end rings are electrically and mechanically joined to the conductor bars through friction stir welding, and the one end part of the conductor bar is axially projected from the end ring. With this configuration, it is possible to enhance the capability of heat radiation from the rotary electric machine and to enhance the design freedom of component parts around the stator and the rotor.

Abstract: A noise filter includes a capacitor having a hot side input terminal, a hot side output terminal, a ground side input terminal, and a ground side output terminal. A circuit board includes a hot side input electrode connected to the hot side input terminal, a hot side output electrode connected to the hot side output terminal, a ground side input electrode connected to the ground side input terminal, and a ground side output electrode connected to the ground side output terminal. The impedance of the ground side input terminal seen from the ground side output electrode is larger than both the impedance of the ground side output terminal seen from the ground side output electrode and the impedance of the hot side output terminal seen from the ground side output electrode. For this purpose, a stray capacitance formed between the ground side input electrode and the ground side output electrode is reduced by increasing a gap therebetween. Accordingly, excellent noise-reducing characteristics are provided.

Abstract: The optical scanning apparatus includes a light amount reducing filter such as a neutral density filter which has transmittance ?nd satisfying an expression ?nd=(W1/W0)/(?AOM×?ref×?tra) and a light amount reducing function using absorption or reflection and which is disposed between a laser light source and an AOM on an optical path of laser light beam. In the expression, W0 denotes the amount of light emitted from the laser light source, W1 denotes the amount of light required for recording on a recording medium, ?AOM denotes diffraction efficiency in the AOM, ?ref denotes a sum of reflectances of reflective optical elements located between the laser light source and a surface to be scanned, of the recording medium, and ?tra denotes a sum of transmittances of transmissive optical elements located between the laser light source and the surface to be scanned, other than transmittance of the neutral density filter.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a circuit board device comprises a circuit board having a first surface and a second surface opposed thereto, a first electronic component mounted on the first surface of the circuit board, a stud set up on the first surface of the circuit board and fastened to the circuit board by a stud fixing screw threaded therein from the second surface side, a heat radiating member which is thermally connected to the first electronic component and radiates heat from the first electronic component, and a pressing member which is screwed to the stud from the first surface side of the circuit board and presses the heat radiating member against the first electronic component. A second electronic component is located on the second surface of the circuit board so as to overlap the stud fixing screw.

Abstract: The seat belt device includes a first unit, a second unit, seat belt webbing, a spindle, a first pretensioner, a second pretensioner, and a controller. The first unit determines a possible collision of an automobile in response to a manipulation of the automobile by a driver. The second unit detects the collision of the automobile. The first pretensioner has a motor to rotate in response to a signal indicative of the possible collision determined by the first unit. The second pretensioner is pyrotechnically driven to rotate in response to a signal indicative of the collision detected by the second unit. The controller is configured to cancel an operation of the first pretensioner after an activation of the second pretensioner. The first pretensioner includes a limiter for restricting the motor from transmitting a driving force to the spindle exceeding a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: Provided is an image pickup optical system capable of performing focusing in a wide region without a large increase in tilt angle in the case where an image of an object is picked up from a low angle. The image pickup optical system includes a first optical system and a second optical system, for enlarging an image formed by the first optical system and forming the enlarged image. A principal plane of the first optical system is tilted relative to an image plane of the second optical system.

Abstract: A blue laser light source is a semiconductor laser having a sapphire substrate that is transparent to a wavelength of a blue laser beam emitted from an active layer. A condenser lens converges the blue laser beam at a focal point where a modulator is placed. A slit plate limits the light flux on the exit side of the condenser lens. A slit of the slit plate is located at a depth position (Z) on an optical axis of the condenser lens, and the depth position satisfies the following conditions: Z?Z0 (Z0<0) and Pp(Z0)=P1, wherein Z is assumed to have a positive value on a forward side of the blue laser beam from the focal point, Pp(Z) is a value obtained by dividing a width of the blue laser beam in the parallel direction to the active surface at the depth position Z by a width of the extraneous light in the parallel direction at said depth position, and P1 is a convergent value of Pp(Z) at the infinity (Z??).

Abstract: A content reproducing system having a first device and a second device connected to each other through a transmission path for transmitting content data is provided. The first device includes an outputting unit and an output controlling unit configured to output the content data output from the outputting unit a transmission rate. The second device includes an inputting unit, a storage unit configured to store the content data input by the inputting unit, a transmission rate controlling unit configured to control the transmission rate in accordance with the amount of content data stored in the storage unit, a reproduction clock generating units configured to generate a reproduction clock for reproducing the content data, and a reproducing units configured to read out the content data from the storage unit on the basis of the reproduction clock generated by the reproduction clock generating unit and reproduce the content data.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser driving circuit for driving a semiconductor laser as an exposure light source is used in an image recording apparatus for recording an image using a light beam from the laser. The light beam emitted from the laser is subjected to pulse modulation in correspondence with a command signal. The circuit includes an error amplifier for amplifying a difference between the command signal and a signal fed back from the laser to output an output signal, a diode and a resistor connected in series between an input terminal and an output terminal of the error amplifier and a driver for driving the laser based on the output signal.

Abstract: To obtain highly reliable position guarantee that makes it difficult for data to be tampered with and allows a prompt response. A position guarantee server includes: a communication section that receives from a positioning terminal transmission data including encoded data of a positioning code and a carrier wave from a positioning satellite by using the identification code of the positioning terminal itself; a decoding section (23) that stores the identification code of the positioning terminal and decodes the transmission data by using the identification code; a position computing section (24) that computes the position of the positioning terminal based on the positioning code decoded and the carrier wave decoded by the decoding section; and a certificate generating section (22) that certifies position information that is obtained by the position computing section.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a circuit board device comprises a circuit board having a first surface and a second surface opposed thereto, a first electronic component mounted on the first surface of the circuit board, a stud set up on the first surface of the circuit board and fastened to the circuit board by a stud fixing screw threaded therein from the second surface side, a heat radiating member which is thermally connected to the first electronic component and radiates heat from the first electronic component, and a pressing member which is screwed to the stud from the first surface side of the circuit board and presses the heat radiating member against the first electronic component. A second electronic component is located on the second surface of the circuit board so as to overlap the stud fixing screw.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a forming unit configured to form a latent electrostatic image on a latent electrostatic image bearing member based on a digital image; a developing unit configured to develop the latent electrostatic image with a toner to form a visible image; a transferring unit configured to transfer the visible image to one of an electrophotographic image receiving roll and an electrophotographic image receiving sheet; and a smoothing and fixing unit configured to smooth and fix the transferred image on one of the electrophotographic image receiving roll and the electrophotographic image receiving sheet to thereby form a series of electrophotographic prints and an electrophotographic print. In the apparatus, the hardware including the media, printer and unit for aftertreatment optimally matches with the toner, and the apparatus can produce high-quality images equal to silver-halide photographs.

Abstract: A noise filter includes a capacitor having a hot side input terminal, a hot side output terminal, a ground side input terminal, and a ground side output terminal. A circuit board includes a hot side input electrode connected to the hot side input terminal, a hot side output electrode connected to the hot side output terminal, a ground side input electrode connected to the ground side input terminal, and a ground side output electrode connected to the ground side output terminal. The impedance of the ground side input terminal seen from the ground side output electrode is larger than both the impedance of the ground side output terminal seen from the ground side output electrode and the impedance of the hot side output terminal seen from the ground side output electrode. For this purpose, a stray capacitance formed between the ground side input electrode and the ground side output electrode is reduced by increasing a gap therebetween. Accordingly, excellent noise-reducing characteristics are provided.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a recording/playback apparatus for recording content transmitted from an external apparatus into a recorder on the basis of reservation information, comprises a recording controller which records, in the recorder, a first content to be recorded in the recorder on the basis of the reservation information, and a second content transmitted from the external apparatus after a time zone during which the first content is recorded, and a playback unit which plays back the content recorded in the recorder by the recording controller.

Abstract: An audio relay apparatus and an audio relay method can relay audio data without being restricted by the reception capacity for receiving audio signals of a downstream audio output apparatus. An AV amp according to the present invention converts the format of the DVD audio data it receives from a DVD player, which is an upstream audio output apparatus, so as to make it match the audio reception capacity of a TV, which is a downstream audio output apparatus and transmits the obtained transformed audio data to the TV. Thus, it can transmit audio signals from the DVD player to the TV regardless of the audio reception capacity of the TV.