Abstract: Micro light-emitting diode (LED) displays and assembly apparatuses are described. In an example, method of manufacturing a micro-light emitting diode (LED) display panel includes positioning a display backplane substrate in a tank or container, the display backplane substrate having microgrooves therein. The method also includes adding a fluid to the tank or container, the fluid including a suspension of light-emitting diode (LED) pixel elements therein. The method also includes moving the fluid over the display backplane substrate. The method also includes assembling LED pixel elements from the fluid into corresponding ones of the microgrooves.

Abstract: A system and method of reducing speckle for an illuminator comprises driving current at varying levels or average frequency to provide varying light wavelengths.

Abstract: An apparatus including a red LED and monolithic multicolor LED pixel and a method of fabricating an LED device is disclosed. The method includes providing a substrate for the wafer. The method also includes forming a light emitting diode (LED) using Hydrazine to dispose above the substrate an Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN) layer of the LED.

Abstract: An image sensor is described that has photodetectors with reduced reflections. In one example the image sensor has a plurality of photodetectors on a silicon substrate. The images sensor has a top surface and an anti-reflective coating over the photodetectors, the coating having an array of sub-wavelength sized features.

Abstract: Embodiments related to emissive devices for displays are discussed. Some embodiments include light emitting diodes including an electron transport layer core having a tube shape with an inner and an outer sidewall, an emission layer on the inner and outer sidewalls, and a hole transport layer on the emission layer, displays and systems including such light emitting diodes, and methods for fabricating them. Other embodiments include emissive laser devices having an emission layer between a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer and first and second metasurface mirrors adjacent to the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer, respectively, displays and systems including such emissive laser devices, and methods for fabricating them.

Abstract: Imaging systems providing high resolution, low light images with significant dynamic range are disclosed. The improvements to photo imaging sensors providing low costs and yet higher performance sensors may be obtained an enhanced photosensor generating a single color channel image per photosensor. The single color channel image contains luminence values corresponding to light focused onto the photosensor. The plurality of photosensors are constructed using Indium gallium nitride (InGaN) nanowire structures and nanopyrimid structures used in cells within an array of cells. Photosensors may be constructed as single color imaging devices as well as multi-color devices. The generation of various color channel images are controlled using metasurface filter structures as well as color filter layers setting a wavelength for absorbed light by controlling a concentration of indium gallium nitride (InGaN) within the color filter layers.

Abstract: A micro-light emitting diode (LED) display panel and a method of forming the display panel, the micro-LED display panel having a monolithically grown micro-structure including a first color micro-LED that is a first color nanowire LED, and a second color micro-LED that is a second color nanowire LED.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are display and photonic devices utilizing metasurfaces. An optical device comprising an optical component and an optical transmission medium is disclosed. A waveguide couples the optical component and the optical transmission medium. A metasurface is disposed on an end of the waveguide and arranged to increase an optical coupling between the waveguide and the optical transmission medium. Additionally, a display comprising a number of light emitting elements and a metasurface for each of the light emitting elements. The metasurface arranged to eliminate screen door effect in virtual reality display systems.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are flexible display panels and bend detection circuits for flexible display panels where the bend detection circuit can be formed on a flexible substrate of the flexible display panel stack. The bend detection circuit including a number of sensor elements arranged to change an electric response to an applied electric signal based on an applied physical force. The bend detection circuits also including a bend sensing circuit arranged to measure a time delay of the number of sensor elements to the applied electric signal.

Abstract: A laser source for use in a structured light projector includes a substrate, one or more first VCSELs on the substrate, and one or more second VCSELs on the substrate. The one or more first VCSELs each have a first aperture width and each separately extend above a surface of the substrate. The one or more second VCSELs each have a second aperture width different from the first aperture width, and each separately extend above a surface of the substrate. Using an array of VCSELs with different aperture widths provides emitted radiation having different wavelengths, thus providing different speckle patterns. When the different speckle patterns are averaged upon being received at the detector, speckle noise is reduced. The VCSEL can also include a plurality of subwavelength structures to steer the light output. Such subwavelength structures can also be used on the surface of other VCSELs, including standard VCSELs.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include systems and methods for transferring micro LEDs. In an embodiment, the system for transferring micro LEDs, may include a donor substrate bank that is capable of supporting a plurality of donor substrates on which a plurality of micro LEDs are formed. In an embodiment, the donor substrate bank is moveable in the X, Y, and Z directions. In an embodiment, the system may also include a host substrate table that is capable of supporting a host substrate. The host substrate may include a plurality of segments. In an embodiment, the host substrate table is moveable in the X, Y, and Z directions. Embodiments of the invention may also include an array of macro transfer heads. In an embodiment, each macro transfer head may include a plurality of micro transfer heads.

Abstract: Micro light-emitting diode (LED) displays and assembly apparatuses are described. In an example, a method of manufacturing a micro-light emitting diode (LED) display panel includes positioning a carrier plate above a display backplane substrate, the carrier plate having a plurality of light-emitting diode (LED) pixel elements thereon, and the display backplane substrate having a plurality of metal bumps thereon. The method also includes moving the carrier plate toward the display backplane substrate to couple at least a portion of the plurality of LED pixel elements to corresponding ones of the plurality of metal bumps, applying pressure to the carrier plate to transfer and bond the portion of the plurality of LED pixel elements to the corresponding ones of the plurality of metal bumps, and, subsequently, separating the carrier plate from the display backplane substrate.

Abstract: Micro light-emitting diode (LED) displays and assembly apparatuses are described. In an example, a pixel element for a micro-light emitting diode (LED) display panel includes a first color nanowire LED, a second color nanowire LED, the second color different than the first color, and a pair of third color nanowire LEDs, the third color different than the first and second colors. A continuous insulating material layer ius laterally surrounding the first color nanowire LED, the second color nanowire LED, and the pair of third color nanowire LEDs.

Abstract: Micro light-emitting diode (LED) displays and assembly apparatuses are described. In an example, method of manufacturing a micro-light emitting diode (LED) display panel includes positioning a display backplane substrate in a tank or container, the display backplane substrate having microgrooves therein. The method also includes adding a fluid to the tank or container, the fluid including a suspension of light-emitting diode (LED) pixel elements therein. The method also includes moving the fluid over the display backplane substrate. The method also includes assembling LED pixel elements from the fluid into corresponding ones of the microgrooves.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to quantum dot LCD display systems and methods that use a digital optics polarizer to beneficially and advantageously provide enhanced performance and substantially lower power draw. The digital optics polarizer is disposed as a metasurface between the LCD layer and the quantum dot layer within the LCD display device. The digital optics polarizer is formed using a dielectric material, such as TiO2, that does not cause reflectivity and ohmic loss issues typically encountered with wire grid polarizers. The digital optics polarizer may be patterned, deposited, or otherwise disposed across all or a portion of the LCD layer, the quantum dot layer, or may be “sandwiched” between and proximate the LCD layer and the quantum dot layer. The elimination of ohmic losses in the digital optics polarizer significantly improves the energy efficiency of the LCD display.

Abstract: In some examples, a display includes a plurality of display pixels. Each display pixel includes one or more light emitters. At least some of the plurality of display pixels also includes a light detector.

Abstract: A vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) illuminator for reduced speckle has VCSELs with metalayer polarizers, VCSEL arrays with varying aperture sizes, or both.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are display panels, display panel stacks, and techniques to manufacture such display panel stacks where a polarizer is provided for each illumination element of the display panel stack. A polarizer can be formed onto each individual illumination element once the illumination element is transferred to the backplane. The polarizer can be arranged to polarize light emitted from the illumination element and light incident on the display from ambient.

Abstract: Diffractive optical elements for wide field-of-view virtual reality devices and methods of manufacturing the same are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a substrate and a thin film stack including alternating layers of a first material and a second material. The thin film stack defines an annular protrusion. The annular protrusion has a stair-like profile. Top surfaces of separate ones of steps in the stair-like profile correspond to top surfaces of separate ones of the layers of the second material.

Abstract: Flat optical elements including a multi-level metasurface stack having two or more metasurface levels. Each metasurface level includes an arrangement of nanostructures, or protrusions, of one or more optically transmissive materials. A metasurface level may further include another optically transmissive material between the nanostructures, achieving a desired index contrast. Another metasurface level including additional nanostructures may be over a planar surface of this additional transmissive material. Another optically transmissive material may be between the additional nanostructures. This architecture may be followed for any number of levels, (e.g., a bi-layer, tri-layer, etc.). Each metasurface within the multi-level metasurface structure may be tuned to a particular optical wavelength. Such a multi-level metasurface may have greater bandwidth and/or achieve higher optical efficiency for a given band than a single metasurface.