Abstract: An electrostatic copying apparatus is provided wherein a stationary original document image is projected onto a photosensitive member during movement of an optical device for exposure. An electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive member is transferred onto a copy sheet and is fixed. A jam detecting means is provided for immediately detecting a copy sheet being jammed along a transport path. A cleaning device removes residual toner particles remaining on the photosensitive member by means of magnetic force and stores the removed toner particles after a transferring operation. The occurrence of a jam is detected immediately, and thus a fault or an accident of the electrostatic copying apparatus due to the jam is prevented from continuing.

Abstract: A fixing and heating device for an electrostatic copying apparatus includes a fixing roller which (a) remains stationary at least until a toner is softened, (b) is driven at a low speed to even the surface temperature of the fixing roller when the surface temperature is lower than a temperature suitable for fixing when the surface temperature and is equal to the temperature suitable for fixing except during a fixing operation, and (c) is driven at a speed suitable for fixing when the surface temperature is suitable for fixing during the fixing operation.

Abstract: A fixing and heating device for an electrostatic copying apparatus includes a fixing roller which (a) remains stationary at least until a toner is softened, (b) is driven at a low speed to even the surface temperature of the fixing roller when the surface temperature is lower than a temperature suitable for fixing and when the surface temperature is equal to the temperature suitable for fixing except during a fixng operation, and (c) is driven at a speed suitable for fixing when the surface temperature is suitable for fixing during the fixing operation.

Abstract: An electrostatic photographic copying machine includes a photosensitive body having a photosensitive layer on its surface, a charging apparatus, a developing device and a transfer device arranged along a moving passage of the photosensitive body. An optical system projects an image of an original onto the surface of the charged photosensitive body, and a fixation apparatus fixes a transferred image onto copying paper.