Abstract: A method for detecting hybridization between a probe polynucleotide and a target polynucleotide on a microarray is presented. The method may be used to determine the accuracy of hybridization and possible causes of inaccuracy, such as insufficient washing or deterioration of the microarray.

Abstract: Described is a means for objectively determining hybridization failure in addition to performance degradation, insufficient washing and the like in a microarray. In particular a method for detecting the hybridization between a probe polynucleotide and a target polynucleotide by using a microarray is presented.

Abstract: Described is a means for objectively determining hybridization failure in addition to performance degradation, insufficient washing and the like in a microarray. In particular a method for detecting the hybridization between a probe polynucleotide and a target polynucleotide by using a microarray is presented.

Abstract: A method for detecting hybridization between a probe polynucleotide and a target polynucleotide on a microarray is presented. The method may be used to determine the accuracy of hybridization and possible causes of inaccuracy, such as insufficient washing or deterioration of the microarray.

Abstract: On a recording medium, first information obtained by enciphering data with the first key and second information obtained by enciphering the first key with each of the predetermined second keys are recorded. A deciphering method is characterized by comprising the steps of inputting the first and second information, deciphering the first key using at least one of the second keys, determining by a specific method that the obtained first key is correct, and then deciphering the data using the first key to obtain the data.

Abstract: On a recording medium, first information obtained by enciphering data with the first key and second information obtained by enciphering the first key with each of the predetermined second keys are recorded. A deciphering method is characterized by comprising the steps of inputting the first and second information, deciphering the first key using at least one of the second keys, determining by a specific method that the obtained first key is correct, and then deciphering the data using the first key to obtain the data.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a means of estimating the place of origin of a test subject by quickly and conveniently determining the genome type of JC virus infecting a test subject is provided. The present invention relates to a set of oligonucleotide probes for determining the genome type of JC virus infecting a test subject, such set containing: oligonucleotide probes (a-1) and (a-2); oligonucleotide probes (b-1) and (b-2); oligonucleotide probes (c-1) and (c-2); oligonucleotide probes (d-1), (d-2), (d-3), and (d-4); oligonucleotide probes (e-1), (e-2), and (e-3); oligonucleotide probes (f-1), (f-1), and (f-3); oligonucleotide probes (g-1), (g-2), and (g-3); oligonucleotide probes (h-1), (h-2), (h-3), and (h-4); oligonucleotide probes (i-1) and (i-2); oligonucleotide probes (j-1), (j-2), and (j-3); oligonucleotide probes (k-1), (k-2), and (k-3); and oligonucleotide probes (l-1) and (l-2).

Abstract: An information recording medium includes a management area where management information is recorded and a plurality of physical sector areas used to record a plurality of physical sector data blocks, which are generated by combining some data contained in a plurality of ECC blocks.

Abstract: An information recording medium includes a management area where management information is recorded and a plurality of physical sector areas used to record a plurality of physical sector data blocks, which are generated by combining some data contained in a plurality of ECC blocks.

Abstract: An information recording medium includes a management area where management information is recorded and a plurality of physical sector areas used to record a plurality of physical sector data blocks, which are generated by combining some data contained in a plurality of ECC blocks.

Abstract: A reproduction signal evaluation method of this invention includes the step of obtaining a reproduction signal from an information recording medium on which digital information is recorded with record marks having different sizes, the step of obtaining the amplitude of a first reproduction signal, of the signals contained in the reproduction signal, which reflects digital information recorded with a record mark having the maximum size, the step of obtaining the amplitude of a second reproduction signal, of the signals contained in the reproduction signal, which reflects digital information recorded with a record mark having the second smallest size, the step of obtaining an evaluation value from the ratio of the amplitudes of the first and second reproduction signals, and the step of evaluating a characteristic of the reproduction signal on the basis of the evaluation value.

Abstract: A polyolefin based biaxially oriented multi-layer film having at least one surface layer comprise of the propylene-ethylene random block copolymer; The propylene-ethylene random block copolymer obtained through sequential polymerization catalyzed by a metallocene component which is composed of 30 to 70 wt % of a propylene-ethylene random copolymer component having an ethylene content of 1 to 7 wt % produced in the first step of the polymerization and from 70 to 30 wt % of a low crystallinity or an amorphous propylene-ethylene random copolymer component produced in the second step of the polymerization having an ethylene content of 6 to 15 wt % higher than that of the polymer component obtained in the first step, wherein that shows a single peak at 0° C. or lower in the temperature-loss tangent (tan ?) curve obtained by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA).

Abstract: A reproduction signal evaluation method of this invention includes the step of obtaining a reproduction signal from an information recording medium on which digital information is recorded with record marks having different sizes, the step of obtaining the amplitude of a first reproduction signal, of the signals contained in the reproduction signal, which reflects digital information recorded with a record mark having the maximum size, the step of obtaining the amplitude of a second reproduction signal, of the signals contained in the reproduction signal, which reflects digital information recorded with a record mark having the second smallest size, the step of obtaining an evaluation value from the ratio of the amplitudes of the first and second reproduction signals, and the step of evaluating a characteristic of the reproduction signal on the basis of the evaluation value.

Abstract: A record medium comprises an original data obtained by superimposing a presentation target data, to which an error correction encoding is performed and an identification information.

Abstract: An information recording medium includes a management area where management information is recorded and a plurality of physical sector areas used to record a plurality of physical sector data blocks, which are generated by combining some data contained in a plurality of ECC blocks.

Abstract: An information recording medium includes a management area where management information is recorded and a plurality of physical sector areas used to record a plurality of physical sector data blocks, which are generated by combining some data contained in a plurality of ECC blocks.

Abstract: A reproduction signal evaluation method of this invention includes the step of obtaining a reproduction signal from an information recording medium on which digital information is recorded with record marks having different sizes, the step of obtaining the amplitude of a first reproduction signal, of the signals contained in the reproduction signal, which reflects digital information recorded with a record mark having the maximum size, the step of obtaining the amplitude of a second reproduction signal, of the signals contained in the reproduction signal, which reflects digital information recorded with a record mark having the second smallest size, the step of obtaining an evaluation value from the ratio of the amplitudes of the first and second reproduction signals, and the step of evaluating a characteristic of the reproduction signal on the basis of the evaluation value.

Abstract: A reproduction signal evaluation method of this invention includes the step of obtaining a reproduction signal from an information recording medium on which digital information is recorded with record marks having different sizes, the step of obtaining the amplitude of a first reproduction signal, of the signals contained in the reproduction signal, which reflects digital information recorded with a record mark having the maximum size, the step of obtaining the amplitude of a second reproduction signal, of the signals contained in the reproduction signal, which reflects digital information recorded with a record mark having the second smallest size, the step of obtaining an evaluation value from the ratio of the amplitudes of the first and second reproduction signals, and the step of evaluating a characteristic of the reproduction signal on the basis of the evaluation value.

Abstract: An information recording medium includes a management area where management information is recorded and a plurality of physical sector areas used to record a plurality of physical sector data blocks, which are generated by combining some data contained in a plurality of ECC blocks.

Abstract: A transmitting method of digital data whereby information data can be reproduced at a high precision. In order to retain digital data in sectors comprising a plurality of sync frames and sequentially transmit, the sync frame is comprised of the sync signal and the run length limited code which satisfies the limitations of the minimum run length and the maximum run length, and the sync signal includes the sync pattern constituted by a bit pattern of a run length that is longer than the maximum run length by only 3T and addition bit patterns which are arranged before and after the bit pattern and each of which has a urn length that is longer than the minimum run length. The sync signal includes a specific code which indicates a position in the sector and which enables the DC control to be performed.