Abstract: A reproduction apparatus is designed to select and decode speech and subtitles (characters) in a given language from a disk on which various types of information are recorded in different languages. This system arrangement makes it possible to standardize the manufacture of disks and reproduction apparatuses world-wide, resulting in a reduction in production cost. In a disk 100, various types of information are recorded in different languages along with video information. A reproduction apparatus selects information in a given language from the reproduced information using a data string processing section 203, a system control section 204, and an operator section 205, and supplies is the selected pieces of information to each of a video processing section 206, a subtitle decoder 211, and an audio processing section 213.

Abstract: A signal equalizer for equalizing a waveform of a digital data sequence includes a discriminator for discriminating average measurement levels at plural frequencies of the digital data sequence, an error operating unit for finding the ratio or difference between an equalizing target average level which correspond to the plural frequencies that has been found in advance and an average level obtained by the discriminator and a controller for controlling an equalizing characteristic of the equalizer based on the error information obtained by the error operating unit.

Abstract: A multi-scene recording disk and a data reproducing apparatus, which enables a user to select and enjoy one of simultaneously proceeding scenes, and also enables a program editor to edit programs using a new concept and novel fashion. Related program movements each consisting of program bars are recorded on the disk 100. The data reproducing apparatus includes a data string processing section 203, a system control section 204, an operator panel 205, a video processing section 206, and audio processing sections 211 and 213. The sections 203 and 204 and the panel 205 select any one of the program movements and switch one movement to another, and select any one of the program bars of the movement selected and switch and one bar to another. The information thus selected is supplied to the video processing section 206 and the audio processing sections 211 and 213.

Abstract: A multi-scene recording disk and a data reproducing apparatus, which enables a user to select and enjoy one of simultaneously proceeding scenes, and also enables a program editor to edit programs using a new concept and novel fashion. Related program movements, each consisting of program bars, are recorded on the disk 100. The data reproducing apparatus includes a data string processing section 203, a system control section 204, an operator panel 205, a video processing section 206, and audio processing sections 211 and 213. The sections 203 and 204 and the panel 205 select any one of the program movements, and switch one movement to another, and select any one of the program bars of the movement selected, and switch one bar to another. The information thus selected is supplied to the video processing section 206 and the audio processing sections 211 and 213.

Abstract: A multi-scene recording disk and a data reproducing apparatus, which enables a user to select and enjoy one of simultaneously proceeding scenes, and also enable a program editor to edit programs using a new concept and novel fashion. Related program movements each consisting of program bars, are recorded on the disk 100. The data reproducing apparatus includes a data string processing section 203, a system control section 204, an operator panel 205, a video processing section 206, and audio processing sections 211 and 213. The sections 203 and 204 and the panel 205 select any one of the program movements, and switch one movement to another, and select any one of the program bars of the movement selected and switch one bar to another. The information thus selected is supplied to the video processing section 206 and the audio processing sections 211 and 213.

Abstract: A multi-scene recording disk and a data reproducing apparatus, which enables a user to select and enjoy one of simultaneously proceeding scenes, and also enables a program editor to edit programs using a new concept and novel fashion. Related program movements, each consisting of program bars, are recorded on the disk 100. The data reproducing apparatus includes a data string processing section 203, a system control section 204, an operator panel 205, a video processing section 206, and audio processing sections 211 and 213. The sections 203 and 204 and the panel 205 select any one of the program movements and switch one movement to another, and select any one of the program bars of the movement selected and switch one bar to another. The information thus selected is supplied to the video processing section 206 and the audio processing sections 211 and 213.

Abstract: There is provided a method of processing data for generating an error correction product code block devised so as to maintain the current level of redundancy after the error correcting ability is modified as a result of advancement of simiconductor and data recording/transmission technologies. Unlike any known technique of configuring a Reed-Solomon error correcting product code block of (M+P0).times.(N+PI) bytes for an information data of (M.times.N) bytes, an error correcting product code block data structure is obtained by configuring a (K.times.(M+1).times.(N+P))-byte Reed-Solomon error correcting product code block for (K.times.M.times.N)-byte data, making K variable to consequently make the entire size of the Reed-Solomon error correcting product code block variable. At the same time, the error correcting ability varies in proportion to the value of K without increasing redundancy.

Abstract: A multi-scene recording disk and a data reproducing apparatus, which enables a user to select and enjoy one of simultaneously proceeding scenes, and also enables a program editor to edit programs using a new concept and novel fashion. Related program movements, each consisting of program bars, are recorded on the disk 100. The data reproducing apparatus includes a data string processing section 203, a system control section 204, an operator panel 205, a video processing section 206, and audio processing sections 211 and 213. The sections 203 and 204 and the panel 205 select any one of the program movements and switch one movement to another, and select any one of the program bars of the movement selected and switch to one bar to another. The information thus selected is supplied to the video processing section 206 and the audio processing sections 211 and 213.

Abstract: A multi-scene recording disk and a data reproducing apparatus, which enable a user to select and enjoy one of simultaneously proceeding scenes, and also enables a program editor to edit programs using a new concept and novel fashion. Related program movements, each consisting of program bars, are recorded on the disk 100. The data reproducing apparatus includes a data string processing section 203, a system control section 204, an operator panel 205, a video processing section 206, and audio processing sections 211 and 213. The sections 203 and 204 and the panel 205 select any one of the program movements and switch one movement to another, and select any one of the program bars of the movement selected and switch to one bar to another. The information thus selected is supplied to the video processing section 206 and the audio processing sections 211 and 213.

Abstract: The information to be recorded is divided into 8-bit long data words. Each data word is then converted to 14-bit long code word. The code words are sequentially connected with a one-bit merging bit inserted between the code words to define a code bit sequence. The run-length of 0s in the code bit sequence is limited to be between 2 and 11. The one-bit merging bit normally takes a bit value of 0, but is changed to 1 when any one of the T.sub.min control or T.sub.max control is applied so as to accomplish the run-length limitation. The T.sub.min control is applied when the adjacent bits on both sides of the merging bit are 1s. The T.sub.max control is applied when trailing P bits of a code word preceding the merging bit and leading Q bits of a code word following the merging bit are all 0s, provided that P+Q.gtoreq.11, and in this case, at least either one of the P bits and Q bits has a bit sequence of (00000), and the bit sequence (00000) is changed to (00100).

Abstract: A multi-scene recording disk and a data reproducing apparatus, which enable a user to select and enjoy one of simultaneously proceeding scenes, and also enable a program editor to edit programs using a new concept and novel fashion. Related program movements, each consisting of program bars, are recorded on the disk 100. The data reproducing apparatus includes a data string processing section 203, a system control section 204, an operator panel 205, a video processing section 206, and audio processing sections 211 and 213. The sections 203 and 204 and the panel 205 select any one of the program movements, and switch one movement to another, and select any one of the program bars of the movement selected and switch one bar to another. The information thus selected is supplied to the video processing section 206 and the audio processing sections 211 and 213.

Abstract: A multi-scene recording disk and a data reproducing apparatus, which enables a user to select and enjoy one of simultaneously proceeding scenes, and also enables a program editor to edit programs using a new concept and novel fashion. Related program movements, each consisting of program bars, are recorded on the disk 100. The data reproducing apparatus includes a data string processing section 203, a system control section 204, an operator panel 205, a video processing section 206, and audio processing sections 211 and 213. The sections 203 and 204 and the panel 205 select any one of the program movements and switch one movement to another, and select any one of the program bars of the movement selected and switch one bar to another. The information thus selected is supplied to the video processing section 206 and the audio processing sections 211 and 213.

Abstract: A multi-scene recording disk and a data reproducing apparatus, which enables a user to select and enjoy one of simultaneously proceeding scenes, and also enables a program editor to edit programs using a new concept and novel fashion. Related program movements, each consisting of program bars, are recorded on the disk 100. The data reproducing apparatus includes a data string processing section 203, a system control section 204, an operator panel 205, a video processing section 206, and audio processing sections 211 and 213. The sections 203 and 204 and the panel 205 select any one of the program movements and switch one movement to another, and select any one of the program bars of the movement selected and switch one bar to another. The information thus selected is supplied to the video processing section 206 and the audio processing sections 211 and 213.

Abstract: A multi-scene recording disk and a data reproducing apparatus which enables a user to select and enjoy one of simultaneously proceeding scenes, and also enables a program editor to edit programs using a new concept and novel fashion. Related program movements, each consisting of program bars, are recorded on the disk 100. The data reproducing apparatus includes a data string processing section 203, a system control section 204, an operator panel 205, a video processing section 206, and audio processing sections 211 and 213. The sections 203 and 204 and the panel 205 select any one of the program movements and switch one movement to another, and select any one of the program bars of the movement selected and switch one bar to another. The information thus selected is supplied to the video processing section 206 and the audio processing sections 211 and 213.

Abstract: An optical record carrier and methods and apparatuses for recording and reproducing an information on and from said optical recording carrier, whereby the effects of crosstalk from adjacent tracks is reduced, and stable tracing control is possible, is achieved. A recording track to which information divided into sector units is recorded is formed in a spiral or concentric pattern on the surface of the optical record carrier. Each sector further comprises sixty frames. Each frame comprises a re-sync pattern, frame address, data, and postamble fields. Identification information identifying the sector location of the information is recorded to the data block of the first frame. The user data is recorded after the data is scrambled using a value generated by a fifteen-stage maximum-length sequence generator based on the value of this identification information.

Abstract: A multi-scene recording disk and a data reproducing apparatus which enables a user to select and enjoy one of simultaneously proceeding scenes, and also enables a program editor to edit programs using a new concept and novel fashion. Related program movements, each consisting of program bars, are recorded on the disk 100. The data reproducing apparatus includes a data string processing section 203, a system control section 204, an operator panel 205, a video processing section 206, and audio processing sections 211 and 213. The sections 203 and 204 and the panel 205 select any one of the program movements and switch one movement to another, and select any one of the program bars of the movement selected and switch one bar to another. The information thus selected is supplied to the video processing section 206 and the audio processing sections 211 and 213.

Abstract: Source data each consisting of m-bits can be converted into conversion codes each consisting of n (>m) bits with ease, and reverse conversion thereof can be performed with ease. The code conversion and the reverse conversion can be characterized in terms of a series of tables.The current input source data and the next input source data are respectively taken in by registers. Whether or not the run length at a connecting portion between consecutive source data satisfies conditions is determined by a control unit, and a table to be used is selected to finally obtain a conversion code.

Abstract: An excellent waveform signal with less jitter is obtained as output signal from a reproducing optical pickup, irrespective of a relative reading speed, and an equalizing circuit is dispensed with on a reproducing apparatus side. An input bit sequence or a recording NRZI signal is provided with spatial frequency characteristics G(fs) by a G(fs) converter. An output signal from the G(fs) converter is provided with equalizing frequency characteristics EQ(fs) necessary on a reproducing side by an EQ(fs) converter. An output from the EQ(fs) converter is saturation-amplified by a saturation amplifier, thereby producing an ideally pre-jittered recording signal that has equivalent enhanced high-frequency component. The recording signal is recorded on an optical disk.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating compressed signals, which can serve to record data with high efficiency, to manage data easily, to reproduce programs in a special manner, to search for data at high speed, and to achieve accurate image-speech synchronization.

Abstract: A multi-scene recording disk and a data reproducing apparatus, which enables a user to select and enjoy one of simultaneously proceeding scenes, and also enables a program editor to edit programs using a new concept and novel fashion. Related program movements, each consisting of program bars, are recorded on the disk 100. The data reproducing apparatus includes a data string processing section 203, a system control section 204, an operator panel 205, a video processing section 206, and audio processing sections 211 and 213. The sections 203 and 204 and the panel 205 select any one of the program movements, and switch one movement to another, and select any one of the program bars of the movement selected and switch one bar to another. The information thus selected is supplied to the video processing section 206 and the audio processing sections 211 and 213.