Abstract: A micro-electro-mechanical systems element array device in which plural micro-electro-mechanical systems elements each having a movable portion are arranged in an array, said movable portion being to be displaced by a physical force which is generated by applying an electric signal to a conductive portion, and each of said micro-electro-mechanical systems elements drives and displaces said movable portion of said micro-electro-mechanical systems element on the basis of a displacement data for said micro-electro-mechanical systems element, wherein said device comprises: an electric signal generating unit as defined herein; a switching unit as defined herein; and a selecting unit as defined herein.

Abstract: An MEM unit according to the invention comprises an Si (silicon) substrate 1 having such a thickness as to transmit a visible light therethrough, an insulating layer 2 formed in contact with the upper surface of the Si substrate 1, a lower electrode layer 3 formed in contact with the upper surface of the insulating layer 2, a sacrificial layer gap 4 of a space formed in the partial region of the upper surface of the lower electrode layer 3, a movable film 5 formed on the upper surface of the lower electrode layer 3 to cover the sacrificial layer gap 4, an upper electrode 6 formed in contact with the upper part of the movable film 5, a contact hole 7 penetrating to reach the surface of the lower electrode layer 3 from the surface of the movable film 5, and a lower electrode 8 formed from the surroundings of the upper part of the contact hole 7 to the surface of the lower electrode layer 3 through the contact hole 7.

Abstract: A metal object is formed by die-casting with the use of a specially treated mold. The mold has cavity-defining surfaces covered by a heat-insulating layer made of a material that includes ceramic powder and heat-resistant resin. Molten metal is injected into the cavity coated with the heat-insulating layer.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the invention obtains a first index that indicates the amount of fuel adhering to the wall surface of an intake passage, using intake valve timing; obtains a correction value that reduces the first index, using exhaust valve timing and the intake valve timing; and calculates a second index that indicates the amount of fuel adhering to the wall surface of the intake passage, using the correction value. The control apparatus controls the amount of fuel to be injected based on at least one of the first index and the second index.

Abstract: A memory device is provided which is connected to operate with power and clocks supplied from a host apparatus. The memory device includes external terminals, a flash memory chip to store data, an IC chip to process data; and a controller chip connected with the external terminals, the flash memory chip and the IC chip, wherein, the flash memory chip, the IC chip and the controller chip are discrete chips. The controller chip writes data inputted from the host apparatus into the flash memory chip or the IC chip and transfers data read from the flash memory chip or the IC chip to the host apparatus, based upon commands from the host apparatus.

Abstract: An optical control element for controlling an optical phenomenon by relatively changing levels of dots with respect to a film surface that is irradiated with light, wherein the optical control element includes a thin film having a plurality of through holes, a dot array in which a plurality of dots are protruded, the dots being loosely fitted into the through holes of the thin film, respectively, and a drive portion which relatively displaces at least one of the thin film and the dot array.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to improve security of a storage apparatus. The invention has: a flash memory chip; an IC card chip which can execute a security process (encryption, decryption, etc.); and a controller chip for controlling read/write of data from/into the flash memory chip and the IC card chip in response to a request from a host.

Abstract: A luneberg lens, which is configured by combining a plurality of lens parts, has a problem on keeping of a combined condition of lens parts and securement of good moisture prevention, and displacement of lens parts not only becomes a cause of cost-up but also has a bad influence on an electric performance, and furthermore, intrusion of moisture and humidity deteriorates an electric performance, and therefore, these problems are solved by a simple and inexpensive method. A lens portion 2, which is configured by combining lens parts of spherical core and spherical shell-like resin foams, is configured by a luneberg lens which is sealed by a synthetic resin film 3 which is formed along a surface of that lens portion 2 and in which a thickness is 100 ?m or less and of which own relative dielectric constant is higher than a relative dielectric constant of the outermost layer of the above-mentioned lens portion.

Abstract: A processor bus linked with at least a processor, a memory bus linked with a main memory, and a system bus linked with at least an input/output device are connected to a three-way connection control system. The control system includes a bus-memory connection controller connected to address buses and control buses respectively of the processor, memory, and system buses to transfer address and control signals therebetween. The control system further includes a data path switch connected to data buses respectively of the processor, memory, and system buses to transfer data via the data buses therebetween depending on the data path control signal.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator has a substrate; a movable member which is disposed so as to hang across the substrate in a displaceable manner and has a conductive section provided in at least a portion of the movable member; an optical function film which follows mechanical displacement of the movable member and is fixed to the same; and a drive fixed electrode which is disposed outside a range of mechanical displacement of the movable member and displaces and drives the movable member. Electrostatic attractive force is generated between the movable member and the driving fixed electrode by applying a drive voltage between the conductive section of the movable member and the driving fixed electrode, thereby displacing and driving the movable member, bringing the same into a stationary state in a non-contacting manner, and modulating light radiated on the optical function film.

Abstract: A transmissive spatial light modulator having a light-transmission area, comprises: a transparent substrate; a pixel drive circuit provided on the transparent substrate to form an area other than the light-transmission area; and a transmissive light modulation section including a micro-electromechanical element, the transmissive light modulation section being controlled by the pixel drive circuit and being provided above the pixel drive circuit.

Abstract: An optical modulation element array includes: a substrate and optical modulation elements two-dimensionally arranged in a first direction and a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction, and at least a portion of the end of the hinge is disposed in a gap between optical modulation elements next to each other in the first direction, the optical modulation elements next to each other in the first direction is located next to the optical modulation elements having the end of the hinge, in the second direction.

Abstract: A processor bus linked with at least a processor, a memory bus linked with a main memory, and a system bus linked with at least an input/output device are connected to a three-way connection control system. The control system includes a bus-memory connection controller connected to address buses and control buses respectively of the processor, memory, and system buses to transfer address and control signals therebetween. The control system further includes a data path switch connected to data buses respectively of the processor, memory, and system buses to transfer data via the data buses therebetween depending on the data path control signal.

Abstract: A method is provided for removing a coating from a coated magnesium alloy product. The method includes a first treatment step of immersing the coated magnesium alloy product in a first alkaline solution, and a second treatment step of immersing the magnesium alloy product, which has undergone the first treatment step, in a second alkaline solution or in an acid solution. The second alkaline solution is different from the first alkaline solution.

Abstract: A disk array device comprises: a hard disk drive module including a disk for recording information thereon and having one side that has a length substantially equal to the diameter of the disk; a battery module; an operation module; a fan module having at least one cooling fan; a controller module having a controller; a power supply module provided for supplying power to the modules; a circuit board to which the above-mentioned modules are connected via electrical connectors; and a substantially box-shaped chassis in which the modules and the circuit board are housed. A front surface and a rear surface of the chassis are opened in a rectangular shape. A length of one side of the opened front surface of the chassis is substantially the same length as the one side of the hard disk drive module.

Abstract: A disk array device comprises: a hard disk drive module including a disk for recording information thereon and having one side that has a length substantially equal to the diameter of the disk; a battery module; an operation module; a fan module having at least one cooling fan; a controller module having a controller; a power supply module provided for supplying power to the modules; a circuit board to which the above-mentioned modules are connected via electrical connectors; and a substantially box-shaped chassis in which the modules and the circuit board are housed. A front surface and a rear surface of the chassis are opened in a rectangular shape. A length of one side of the opened front surface of the chassis is substantially the same length as the one side of the hard disk drive module.

Abstract: A photowriting display device which is capable of performing bright full color display and a photowriting display apparatus which incorporates the photowriting display device and on which the pen moving operation is directly reflected as information to be displayed. A photowriting display device is disclosed which incorporates: an electrochromic display member incorporating a photoconductor in which only regions irradiated with writing light generate carriers to realize conductivity; an electrochromic layer in which light absorption of the regions are reversibly changed owing to electrochemical oxidation and reduction reactions caused to occur due to the conductivity; an electrolyte in which the electrochromic layers are laminated or an electrochromic material is dissolved; and a pair of electrodes laminated through the photoconductor, the electrochromic layer and the electrolyte. A plurality of the electrochromic display members are laminated.

Abstract: A labor of disconnecting many cables is omitted even when carrying a file basestation with an external storage loaded together with a main body. An information processing unit comprises: a main body having a CPU, a keyboard and a display unit; a file basestation with an external storage, such as an FD•D or a CD ROM•D, loaded; and a portreplicator with many connectors loaded. Removal of the main body alone from the portreplicator can omit the labor of disconnecting many cables connected to the portreplicator.

Abstract: A diagnostic ultrasonic probe for use in body cavities has at its tip an ultrasonic transducer array, which has a layered structure wherein a flexible circuit board, an electric circuit, a backing material, a piezoelectric element array, an acoustic impedance matching layer and an acoustic lens are formed atop another on a supporting member. The electric circuit includes at least one of amplifiers for amplifying echo signals from ultrasonic transducers, switches for switching over between sending the echo signals from the ultrasonic transducers and receiving drive signals for exciting the ultrasonic transducers, a multiplexer for selective-switching between the echo signals as well as between the drive signals, an A/D converter for converting the echo signals from an analog form to a digital form, and a D/A converter for converting the drive signals from a digital form to an analog form.

Abstract: In order to provide a display device by which increasing of number of spatial light modulation elements and increasing of number of pixels can be suppressed, and high definition of a display image is easily realized, in the display device, a DMD is inclined with respect to a sub scanning direction by very small inclining-angle, and this inclining-angle is set in accordance with a scanning density of a light beam in a main scanning direction on the surface to be scanned.