Abstract: A liquid-ejecting head includes a pressure-generating chamber communicatively connected to a nozzle opening and also includes a piezoelectric transducer including a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer disposed on the first electrode, and a second electrode disposed on the piezoelectric layer. The first electrode contains platinum and titanium oxide with a rutile content of 76.5 to 100 mole percent.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a pressure generating chamber that is communicated with a nozzle opening and a piezoelectric element includes a first electrode formed above the pressure generating chamber, a piezoelectric layer formed above the first electrode, and a second electrode formed above the piezoelectric layer. In addition, an amorphous layer including an amorphous material is formed on a surface of the piezoelectric layer at the second electrode side.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a pressure generating chamber communicating with a nozzle opening, and a piezoelectric element generating a pressure change in the pressure generating chamber. In this liquid ejecting head, the piezoelectric element includes a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer provided above the first electrode, and a second electrode provided above the piezoelectric layer at a side opposite to the first electrode. The first electrode has a diffusion-preventing layer containing iridium oxide as a primary component, and the diffusion-preventing layer has stress relieving holes that pass through in the thickness direction thereof and that is filled with a material other than iridium oxide.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head including a pressure generating chamber that communicates with a nozzle opening that ejects liquid and a piezoelectric element that generates a pressure change in the pressure generating chamber. The piezoelectric element includes a first electrode, a piezoelectric body layer that is formed on the first electrode which includes a grain-shaped region, and a second electrode that is formed on a side of the piezoelectric body layer that is opposite to the first electrode.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device is provided having a substrate made of quartz, a pair of inter digital transducer-shaped electrodes made of an aluminum layer, an electrode pad, and a pair of lattice-shaped reflectors made of the same material as the electrode. The crystal structure of the aluminum layer composing the electrode is a twin crystal structure, where crystal grains of the (−1 1 1) plane and the (0 0 2) plane and crystal grains of the (1 −1 −1) plane and the (0 0 −2) plane are in a twin crystal relationship with the (−1 1 −1) plane and the (1 −1 1) plane of aluminum as the twin boundaries. Also, the {1 1 1} plane of the aluminum layer is oriented to an 8° inclination relative to the {0 1 0} plane of quartz composing the substrate.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device 1 has a substrate 2 made of quartz, a pair of inter digital transducer-shape electrode 3 made of an aluminum layer, an electrode pad 4, and a pair of lattice-shaped reflectors 5 made of the same material as the electrode 3. The crystal structure of the aluminum layer composing the electrode 3 is a twin crystal structure, where crystal grains of the (−1 1 1) plane and the (0 0 2) plane and crystal grains of the (1 −1 −1) plane and the (0 0 −2) plane are in a twin crystal relationship with the (−1 1 −1) plane and the (1 −1 1) plane of aluminum as the twin boundaries. Also, the {1 1 1} plane of the aluminum layer is oriented to an 8° inclination relative to the {0 1 0} plane of quartz composing the substrate 2.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device is provided having a substrate made of quartz, a pair of inter digital transducer-shape electrode made of an aluminum layer, an electrode pad, and a pair of lattice-shaped reflectors made of the same material as the electrode. The crystal structure of the aluminum layer composing the electrode is a twin crystal structure, where crystal grains of the (−1 1 1) plane and the (0 0 2) plane and crystal grains of the (1 −1 −1) plane and the (0 0 −2) plane are in a twin crystal relationship with the (−1 1 −1) plane and the (1 −1 1) plane of aluminum as the twin boundaries. Also, the {1 1 1} plane of the aluminum layer is oriented to an 8° inclination relative to the {0 1 0} plane of quartz composing the substrate.