Abstract: An electrophotographic dry developer which comprises a carrier and toner particles comprising a binder resin comprising (A) a polyester resin and (B) a styrene-acrylic resin obtained by co-polymerizing a monomer having an amino group, at a weight ratio of (A) to (B) ranging from 55:45 to 95:5, both resin (A) and resin (B) and a dyestuff or pigment of chromatic color. It is positively charageable and serves for color electrophotography.

Abstract: An optical laser frequency stabilizer which is simple, inexpensive, produces an unmodulated output, and a highly controlled oscillation frequency, wherein signals supplied to a master laser are modulated with a signal which is switched between four or more different levels to control the oscillation frequency of the master laser to the frequency of an absorption line; and wherein the beat frequency of signals from the master laser and a slave laser is counted by an up-down frequency counter in synchronism with the modulation signal and, in response to the obtained total count, the oscillation frequency of the slave laser is controlled to a frequency based on the center frequency of the oscillation of the master laser so that an unmodulated output is generated which is not affected by variations in the powers of the laser beams. The laser frequency can be offset from the frequency of the absorption line, and also the offset frequency can be varied continuously.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator and a neural network circuit are disclosed. The modulator is used in pattern recognition and has an arrangement in which a photoconductive layer held between conductive electrodes is connected in series to a liquid crystal cell including a liquid crystal layer held between two opposite electrodes. Setting the rate between the area of the photoconductive layer and the area of at least one of the opposite electrodes between which the liquid crystal layer is disposed, provides a highly efficient reflective and transmissive spatial light modulator of a simple structure. Both reflective and transmissive spatial light modulating elements are applied to a neurocomputer or the like.

Abstract: An optical frequency synthesizer and/or sweeper, whereby a coherent optical output light is obtained by using a wavelength stabilized laser and an optical phase locked loop wherein the frequency of the output has the characteristics of high accuracy, high stability and narrow spectral line width. The optical phase locked loop comprises a tunable laser, an optical frequency multiplier, an optical frequency shifter and an optical heterodyne detector, wherein the optical phase locked loop is capable of precisely outputting an arbitrary wavelength by feeding back an output optical frequency.

Abstract: An optical frequency synthesizer and/or sweeper, whereby a coherent optical output light is obtained by using a wavelength stabilized laser and an optical phase locked loop wherein the frequency of the output has the characteristics of high accuracy, high stability and narrow spectral line width. The optical phase locked loop comprises a tunable laser, an optical frequency multiplier, an optical frequency shifter and an optical heterodyne detector, wherein the optical phase locked loop is capable of precisely outputting an arbitrary wavelength by feeding back an output optical frequency.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrophotography photosensitive member (10) and a method for fabricating the same. This electrophotography photosensitive member (10) comprises a straight chain compound polymer including (i) as main component, a straight chain compound polymer having p-phenylene in the direction of a main chain, and an element of Group VIB at a para-position, the element of Group VIB being selected from the group consisting of S, Se, Te and mixtures thereof; and (ii) oxygen atom. Since oxygen atom is included in the straight chain compound polymer, desirable characteristics are obtained. This photosensitive member (10) is produced at a low cost with a high productivity, thereby providing a high sensitivity, an excellent printing durability and a long lifetime.

Abstract: An optical frequency analyzer for measuring an optical frequency spectrum with high accuracy, high resolving power and high stability by heterodyne detecting the incident light with the aid of a local oscillator, wherein the local oscillator comprises an optical frequency synthesizer/sweeper or a marker signal attached tunable laser. The optical frequency analyzer can be modified to measure the incident light itself as the object of measurement or light emerging from the object of measurement can be the incident light.

Abstract: Light relative to non-modulated output light emitted from a semiconductor laser is applied to an absorption cell. Frequency modulating signals are converted into amplitude modulation signals of the output light through a modulating means by utilizing absorptive properties of the absorption cell. Transmissive light outputs of the absorption cell are synchronously rectified by a lock in amplifier, and an electric current supplied to the semiconductor laser is controlled so that the output signals of the lock in amplifier are arranged to be a predetermined value. The wavelength of the output light is locked to the absorption line of the standard substance in the absorption cell. Advantageously, the invention stabilizes the instantaneous value of the oscillation frequency.

Abstract: An optical scale reader comprises a light source for radiating a beam of coherent light on a reflective scale, a half mirror for mixing light beams from the light source which are reflected and diffracted by the scale for interference with each other, an optical system for causing the interfering light beams leaving the half mirror on its opposite sides to be 90.degree. out of phase with each other so that the light beams will fall on the half mirror at a particular angle of incidence, photodetectors for detecting the interfering light beams, respectively, which have left the half mirror, and a signal processor for processing first and second electric signals which are supplied from the photodetectors and 90.degree. out of phase with each other to generate a signal indicative of the distance which the scale has moved. There is also disclosed a position control device incorporating the optical scale reader.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrophotographic sensitive member comprising an amorphous fluorinated silicon photoconductive layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a superheterodyne circuit characterized by comprising a first mixer converting a received signal into the first intermediate frequency, a second mixer converting the first intermediate frequency into a second intermediate frequency, and a product detection stage demodulating the second intermediate frequency to an audio frequency, by having a constitution wherein the local oscillation of the first mixer is input from a VCO for which a PLL circuit is used, wherein the local oscillation of the second mixer is an output obtained by mixing the frequency of a second oscillator with that of a third oscillator in a fourth mixer, wherein the second oscillator combined with the frequency of the VFO in the sixth mixer, alone or in further combination with the frequency of the output of a BFO input via to the product detection stage is the frequency of the third oscillator or an output obtained by mixing the frequency of the third oscillator with a frequency obtained through the frequency divisi