Abstract: A fuel injection controller for an engine that injects fuel to an inlet passage in an upstream side of an inlet valve from a fuel injection unit, includes: a first calculator, configured to calculate a basic fuel injection quantity from the fuel injection unit based on an operating condition of the engine; a second calculator, configured to calculate a first direct transport rate of fuel directly transported into a cylinder of the fuel injected from the fuel injection unit when the inlet valve is closed; a third calculator, configured to calculate a second direct transport rate of fuel directly transported into a cylinder of the fuel injected from the fuel injection unit when the inlet valve is opened; and a corrector, configured to correct the basic fuel injection quantity based on the first direct transport rate and the second direct transport rate.

Abstract: A controller of an internal combustion engine operable by an alcohol-containing fuel includes: an alcohol concentration detecting unit, operable to detect an alcohol concentration of the alcohol-containing fuel; and a suppressing unit, operable to suppress a degree of change of an intake air amount of the internal combustion engine when the alcohol concentration, detected by the alcohol concentration detecting unit, is higher than a concentration.

Abstract: An estimation apparatus includes: a learning prohibition unit, configured to prohibit a learning unit from executing a learning control and retain a learning value, which is set just before prohibiting, as a fixed learning value which is a fixed value, when the fuel component amount estimation condition is satisfied; an air-fuel ratio correction amount computation unit, configured to compute a correction amount of the air-fuel ratio based on the feedback correction value and the fixed learning value, when the fuel component amount estimation condition is satisfied; an injection correction value change rate computation unit, configured to compute a change rate of the correction amount; an alcohol component correction value computation unit, configured to compute an alcohol component correction value based on the change rate; and an alcohol component amount estimation unit, configured to estimate an alcohol component amount in fuel based on the alcohol component correction value.

Abstract: A control device for an engine includes an air-fuel ratio detector detecting an air-fuel ratio of an exhaust gas of the engine. A feedback controller performs a feedback control of an amount of a fuel injection of mixed fuel including alcohol so that the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detector is come close to a target air-fuel ratio, the mixed fuel supplied from a fuel feeder. A concentration estimator estimates a concentration of the alcohol in the mixed fuel based on the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas and a correction amount for the amount of the fuel injection controlled by the feedback control. A malfunction determiner determines that the fuel feeder has a malfunction when the correction amount is greater than or equal to a value for a period which is longer than a first period in a second period. The second period is from a first time point when the feedback controller starts to perform the feedback control.

Abstract: A control device for an engine includes an air-fuel ratio detector detecting an air-fuel ratio of an exhaust gas of the engine. A feedback controller performs a feedback control of an amount of a fuel injection of mixed fuel including alcohol so that the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detector is come close to a target air-fuel ratio, the mixed fuel supplied from a fuel feeder. A concentration estimator estimates a concentration of the alcohol in the mixed fuel based on the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas and a correction amount for the amount of the fuel injection controlled by the feedback control. A malfunction determiner determines that the fuel feeder has a malfunction when the correction amount is greater than or equal to a value for a period which is longer than a first period in a second period. The second period is from a first time point when the feedback controller starts to perform the feedback control.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical phase modulation evaluating device that can measure and evaluate the precise degree of modulation in phase of an optical phase modulation signal in comparison with the conventionally-known optical phase modulation evaluating device. The optical phase modulation evaluating module includes: a bit delay device located on optical paths of the third and fifth light beams, and adapted to change the length of the optical paths to delay the third and fifth light beams by one bit per second; and an optical phase difference setting means for delaying either or both the ninth and tenth light beams by a designated phase angle which is not equal to zero, the optical phase difference setting means having a light transmissive plate located on an optical path for the ninth light beam, and a light transmissive plate located on an optical path for the tenth light beam.

Abstract: A fuel injection controller for an engine that injects fuel to an inlet passage in an upstream side of an inlet valve from a fuel injection unit, includes: a first calculator, configured to calculate a basic fuel injection quantity from the fuel injection unit based on an operating condition of the engine; a second calculator, configured to calculate a first direct transport rate of fuel directly transported into a cylinder of the fuel injected from the fuel injection unit when the inlet valve is closed; a third calculator, configured to calculate a second direct transport rate of fuel directly transported into a cylinder of the fuel injected from the fuel injection unit when the inlet valve is opened; and a corrector, configured to correct the basic fuel injection quantity based on the first direct transport rate and the second direct transport rate.

Abstract: An apparatus, configured to estimate quantity of fuel stored in a vehicle, includes: a fuel tank; a fuel quantity measure; a filtering processor; a filter gain setter, configured to set a filter gain; and a vehicle status detector, configured to detect which one of a starting state, a halted state, a state achieved immediately after stoppage of the vehicle, and a traveling state, wherein the filter gain setter sets: a first gain as the filter gain when the vehicle is the starting state; a second gain as the filter gain, which is larger than the first gain, when the vehicle is in the traveling state or the state achieved immediately after stoppage of the vehicle; and a third gain as a filter gain, which is larger than the first gain and smaller than the second gain, when the vehicle is in the halted state.

Abstract: A controller of an internal combustion engine includes: a purge controller, operable to control a purge amount of the vaporized fuel purged to an air intake system; an exhaust air-fuel ratio detector; an air-fuel ratio feedback controller; a period determiner, operable to determine whether it is an estimation enabling period; and an alcohol concentration estimator, operable to estimate the alcohol concentration. When the purge of the vaporized fuel is cut during the estimation enabling period, the purge controller: performs control so that the purge is cut with a large degree of tailing, in an operation region where a load of the internal combustion engine is high and a rotation speed is high; and performs control so that the purge is cut with a smaller degree of tailing than the large degree of tailing, in an operation region where the load of the internal combustion engine is low and the rotation speed is low.

Abstract: A controller of an internal combustion engine operable by an alcohol-containing fuel, includes: an alcohol concentration detecting unit, operable to detect an alcohol concentration of the alcohol-containing fuel; a feedback controller, operable to perform feedback control to make an exhaust air-fuel ratio of the internal combustion engine become equal to a target air-fuel ratio in accordance with an operation region; and an operation region setting unit, operable to set a stoichiometric operation region, in which the target air-fuel ratio is stoichiometric, in an enlarged manner when the alcohol concentration, detected by the alcohol concentration detecting unit, is higher than a concentration.

Abstract: A controller of an engine that can use a blended fuel with alcohol blended therein, the controller includes: an ignition timing controller, operable to control an ignition timing of the engine; an exhaust air-fuel ratio detector, operable to detect an exhaust air-fuel ratio of the engine; a concentration detector, operable to detect concentration of the alcohol in the blended fuel; an operation state detector, operable to detect an operation state of the engine; and a corrector, when the operation state which is detected by the operation state detector is a high-speed, high-load operation state, as the concentration of the alcohol which is detected by the concentration detector is higher, operable to control an injection amount which is injected from a fuel injection valve to correct a target equivalence ratio more in a lean direction, and operable to correct the ignition timing which is controlled by the ignition timing controller more to a spark advance side.

Abstract: A controller of an internal combustion engine operable by an alcohol-containing fuel includes: an alcohol concentration detecting unit, operable to detect an alcohol concentration of the alcohol-containing fuel; and a suppressing unit, operable to suppress a degree of change of an intake air amount of the internal combustion engine when the alcohol concentration, detected by the alcohol concentration detecting unit, is higher than a concentration.

Abstract: An estimation apparatus includes: a learning prohibition unit, configured to prohibit a learning unit from executing a learning control and retain a learning value, which is set just before prohibiting, as a fixed learning value which is a fixed value, when the fuel component amount estimation condition is satisfied; an air-fuel ratio correction amount computation unit, configured to compute a correction amount of the air-fuel ratio based on the feedback correction value and the fixed learning value, when the fuel component amount estimation condition is satisfied; an injection correction value change rate computation unit, configured to compute a change rate of the correction amount; an alcohol component correction value computation unit, configured to compute an alcohol component correction value based on the change rate; and an alcohol component amount estimation unit, configured to estimate an alcohol component amount in fuel based on the alcohol component correction value.

Abstract: A system operable to control an exhaust gas omission of an engine, includes a catalytic converter; a fuel cutter, a change executor, a correlation value provider, an adjuster, and a controller. The change executor is operable to execute changing of an air-fuel ratio of the engine to a rich after the fuel supply is once stopped by the fuel cutter and then resumed. The correlation value provider is operable to provide a correlation value correlated to a change amount of the air-fuel ratio caused by the change executor based on a driving condition of the engine. The adjuster is operable to adjust the correlation value based on a parameter indicative of a capability of the catalytic converter. The controller is operable to cause the change executor to execute the changing based on the adjusted correlation value.

Abstract: When the first fuel injection is performed after reversion from the fuel cut, the fuel pulse width Ka·INJ.PW is set so that a fuel supply amount is greatly increased in relation to an intake air amount, and the ignition timing is set to the first retarded ignition timing ?a. When the second and subsequent fuel injections are performed, the fuel pulse width Kb·INJ.PW that is smaller in increase width of fuel is set, and the ignition timing is set to the second retarded ignition timing ?b that has a retardation amount smaller than that of the first retarded ignition timing ?a.

Abstract: In a fuel cut period, an adsorbed CO quantity calculation section calculates the amount CATco of CO adsorbed on a catalyst, and an exhaust O2 quantity calculation section calculates the amount GASo2 of O2 in exhaust gases. CO oxidation reaction heat ?Hr produced when the calculated amount CATco of absorbed CO reacts with the calculated amount GASo2 of O2 in the exhaust gases is calculated by a ?Hr calculation section, and used in estimation of the temperature of the catalyst.

Abstract: When the first fuel injection is performed after reversion from the fuel cut, the fuel pulse width Ka·INJ.PW is set so that a fuel supply amount is greatly increased in relation to an intake air amount, and the ignition timing is set to the first retarded ignition timing ?a. When the second and subsequent fuel injections are performed, the fuel pulse width Kb·INJ.PW that is smaller in increase width of fuel is set, and the ignition timing is set to the second retarded ignition timing ?b that has a retardation amount smaller than that of the first retarded ignition timing ?a.

Abstract: An engine control device for detecting misfire of an engine. Based on a detected crank angle of the engine, an angular velocity at a first crank angle at which the engine speed is close to a minimum within one combustion cycle of each cylinder is calculated as a pre-combustion angular velocity, and an angular velocity at a second crank angle at which the engine speed is close to a maximum within the same combustion cycle is calculated as a post-combustion angular velocity. An amount of rotation variation caused between the first and second crank angles is calculated based on the pre-combustion and post-combustion angular velocities of the same combustion cycle, and is compared with a predetermined misfire criterion to determine whether or not misfire has occurred. When misfire is detected, a required operation is performed, for example, a warning lamp is turned on or the fuel supply quantity is increased.

Abstract: An engine control device for detecting misfire of an engine. Based on a detected crank angle of the engine, an angular velocity at a first crank angle at which the engine speed is close to a minimum within one combustion cycle of each cylinder is calculated as a pre-combustion angular velocity, and an angular velocity at a second crank angle at which the engine speed is close to a maximum within the same combustion cycle is calculated as a post-combustion angular velocity. An amount of rotation variation caused between the first and second crank angles is calculated based on the pre-combustion and post-combustion angular velocities of the same combustion cycle, and is compared with a predetermined misfire criterion to determine whether or not misfire has occurred. When misfire is detected, a required operation is performed, for example, a warning lamp is turned on or the fuel supply quantity is increased.

Abstract: A multi-wavelength light source apparatus includes a tunable light source, optical intensity modulator, optical coupler, annular optical delay circuit, and optical gate device. The tunable light source successively changes and outputs a plurality of output lights different in wavelength from one another. The optical intensity modulator outputs a modulated signal light obtained by modulating an amplitude of the output light outputted from the tunable light source over a predetermined time. The optical coupler is optically connected to the optical intensity modulator, and receives the light outputted from the optical intensity modulator. The annular optical delay circuit is optically connected to the optical coupler, and delays a part of the output light outputted from the optical intensity modulator over a time longer than the predetermined time.