Abstract: A motion controller for maintaining a controlled system on a switching hyperplane regardless of the magnitude of disturbance. The motion controller includes a target position generator, a sliding mode controller, a disturbance observer and a state observer. The target observer generates a target position to the sliding mode controller based on position and velocity data. The state observer estimates the state of the controlled system and provides the state to the sliding mode controller. And, the disturbance observer provides an estimated disturbance to the sliding mode control. The sliding mode controller generates a control input to the controlled system with the nonlinear component set to equal the negative estimated disturbance and the linear component based on the estimated state and target position.

Abstract: An end face of a transparent electrode or a backside electrode of an EL element is not bared at an end surface of an outer periphery of an EL insert molding or an end surface of an inner periphery of a through hole portion. A decorative film covers a front side of an EL element and molding resin is injected onto a backside surface of the EL element to form a molding resin portion. An end potion of the decorative film is bent to cover the end portion of the EL element and extends beyond the end portion of the EL element a distance larger than at least a thickness of the EL element.

Abstract: A sinker electric discharge machine jump control device for reciprocating a tool electrode along a Z-axis with respect to a workpiece using a servo motor in order to expel contaminated fluid from a work gap. The jump control device includes a commanded current generator, the current generator generating a commanded current for the servo motor, and a commanded velocity generator, the velocity generator dividing a locus of a jump stroke into a plurality of segments and generating a commanded velocity for each of the plurality of segments. Additionally, the jump control device includes a velocity override calculator, the calculator generating a velocity override according to the commanded current, and a commanded velocity modifying device, the modifying device modifying the commanded velocity according to the velocity override during the jump stroke.

Abstract: A position control device for causing a position of a control system, including a servomotor and a moving body driven by the servomotor, to track a command value. The position control device includes a sliding mode controller for receiving command position r and state variable x of the control system and for providing a control input u to the servomotor. State variable x is expressed as follows: x = [ ? ? . ] , where ? is feedback position and {dot over (?)} is feedback velocity. The position control device also includes a disturbance variable compensator for compensating control input u based on feedback velocity {dot over (?)}.

Abstract: A numeric control apparatus for machine tools having a moveable member which is operated by a servomotor, including a controlled system, where the controlled system includes a servomotor and a moveable member, and a model of the controlled system, having a system parameter. The numeric control apparatus also includes a command generator for generating a command value, a reference input value generating controller for transmitting a reference input value to the controlled system and to the model, in response to receiving the command value, and an analyzing section for storing a measured output of the controlled system and a measured output of the model.

Abstract: A surface of a substrate which is an outer packaging case is integrated with a decorative film and an EL device. An upper case of the outer packaging case has through-holes through which a transparent electrode layer and a back electrode layer that constitute the EL device are exposed. Contact pins are elastically contacted with the transparent electrode layer and the back electrode layer via the through-holes, and the electrodes are thereby connected to an EL-driving circuit.

Abstract: A motion controller for maintaining a controlled system on a switching hyperplane regardless of the magnitude of disturbance. The motion controller includes a target position generator, a sliding mode controller, a disturbance observer and a state observer. The target observer generates a target position to the sliding mode controller based on position and velocity data. The state observer estimates the state of the controlled system and provides the state to the sliding mode controller. And, the disturbance observer provides an estimated disturbance to the sliding mode control. The sliding mode controller generates a control input to the controlled system with the nonlinear component set to equal the negative estimated disturbance and the linear component based on the estimated state and target position.

Abstract: The difference of luminance between a front surface side and a rear surface side as viewed from the front surface side is reduced in a multi-layered EL lamp. An EL lamp includes a first laminate formed by serially laminating a first transparent electrode, a first luminescent layer and a first insulating layer, a second laminate formed by serially laminating a second transparent electrode, a second luminescent layer and a second insulating layer on the first laminate, and a rear electrode formed on the second laminate, wherein a dielectric constant between the first and second transparent electrodes is set to a value smaller than a dielectric constant between the second transparent electrode and the rear electrode.

Abstract: An end face of a transparent electrode or a backside electrode of an EL element is not bared in an end surface of an outer periphery of an EL insert molding or an end surface of an inner periphery of a through hole portion and the end face of the transparent electrode or the backside electrode of the EL element does not short-circuit with arranged other members. A decorative film is provided on a surface side, an EL element 3 provided on a backside of the decorative film, and molding resin is injected onto a backside surface of the EL element to form a molding resin portion. An end potion of the decorative film is provided to be shifted outwardly than an end portion of the EL element. The end portion of the EL element is covered with the end portion of the decorative film in a manner that the end portion of the decorative film is bent in a projection molding of the molding resin.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an EL insert molding which can manufacture the EL element without damage while a temperature and a pressure of resin to be injected are maintained at an optimum forming condition. A luminous portion and a non-luminous portion are provided in an EL element. The EL element is inserted in a cavity of an injection die, and resin is injected into the cavity to manufacture the EL insert molding. In the cavity, a gate portion is provided at a position opposite to the non-luminous portion of the EL element. A decorative film 2 may be formed integrally in front of the EL element.

Abstract: To remove the danger of breaking electrodes, to stabilize the quality of the device, and to facilitate the connection of the device to an EL-driving circuit. The surface of a substrate, outer packaging case 1 is integrated with a decorative film A and an EL device B. The upper case 1a of the outer packaging case 1 has through-holes 10 through which the transparent electrode layer 5 and the back electrode layer 8 that constitute the EL device B are partly exposed out. Contact pins 13 are elastically contacted with the transparent electrode layer 5 and the back electrode layer 8 via the through-holes 10, and the electrodes are thereby connected to an EL-driving circuit.

Abstract: The difference of luminance between a front surface side and a rear surface side as viewed from the front surface side is reduced in a multi-layered EL lamp. An EL lamp includes a first laminate formed by serially laminating a first transparent electrode, a first luminescent layer and a first insulating layer, a second laminate formed by serially laminating a second transparent electrode, a second luminescent layer and a second insulating layer on the first laminate, and a rear electrode formed on the second laminate, wherein a dielectric constant between the first and second transparent electrodes is set to a value smaller than a dielectric constant between the second transparent electrode and the rear electrode.

Abstract: The difference of luminance between a front surface side and a rear surface side as viewed from the front surface side is reduced in a multi-layered EL lamp. An EL lamp includes a first laminate formed by serially laminating a first transparent electrode, a first luminescent layer and a first insulating layer, a second laminate formed by serially laminating a second transparent electrode, a second luminescent layer and a second insulating layer on the first laminate, and a rear electrode formed on the second laminate, wherein a dielectric constant between the first and second transparent electrodes is set to a value smaller than a dielectric constant between the second transparent electrode and the rear electrode.

Abstract: A unitized light illuminating type switch in a thinned type and having enhanced click feeling. A movable contact and an electroluminescent sheet are formed in an integrated structure by attachedly pasting together the movable contact and the electroluminescent sheet. Fixed contacts are provided on a switch sheet. A movable contact capable of electrically connecting to the switch sheet by being elastically deformed is arranged above the switch sheet. A flexible electroluminescent sheet A is attachedly pasted to a surface of the movable contact by interposing an insulating member as far as a peripheral portion of the movable contact other than the movable contact.

Abstract: In an electroluminescent element having at least two light-emitting parts, the electric interconnection is ensured in the part in which the light-emitting parts are connected, and the electric short-circuiting in that part is prevented. In the electroluminescent element comprising a light-emitting part A and a light-emitting part B, a flexible, insulating resin layer 5 is provided in the connecting part C in which the two parts A and B are connected. In this, the transparent electrode 2 and the back electrode 6 in the connecting part C are prevented from being cracked owing to the layer 5 existing in the part C. As the means for compensating the electric interconnection between the light-emitting parts in the device, provided are a transparent electrode leading part 9 and a back electrode leading part 10 both of resin binder-containing ink layers.

Abstract: An electroluminescent element is provided that is easily mounted on a circuit board. A transparent film 1 is provided of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) at an extreme front surface thereof. On a rear surface of the transparent film, indium tin oxide (ITO) is vapor deposited to form a transparent electrode 2. On a rear surface of the transparent electrode, an luminescent layer 3 is formed. On a rear surface of the luminescent layer, an insulating layer 4 is formed, and on a rear surface of the insulating layer, a rear electrode 5 is formed. On a rear surface of the rear electrode 5, a connection electrode portion 6 for the electroluminescent element is formed in an exposed state and a protecting layer 7 is formed on the remainder of the rear surface of the rear electrode 5.

Abstract: An electroluminescent display which is simple to manufacture and which is capable of high luminance consists of a transparent electrode disposed on a transparent substrate. On the transparent electrode are sequentially laminated layers including a fluorescent print pattern layer, a luminescent layer, an insulating layer and a rear electrode layer. The fluorescent layer is preferably formed of a fluorescent pigment and a fluoride resin binder and is provided at a portion of the electroluminescent display at which a display is to be created, such as the time indicating indicia on the dial of a timepiece. In a preferred embodiment, the electroluminescent display is provided as a timepiece dial and has a central hole therethrough for providing shafts for driving an hour hand, a minute hand and a second hand.

Abstract: A compound of the formula [I] and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; and a synthetic intermediate represented by the formula [II] and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, ##STR1## wherein R 1 is hydrogen or lower alkyl;R 2 is hydrogen or a protective group of thiol;R 3 is hydroxy, a remainder of ester group or a remainder of amido group;A is straight or branched lower alkylene, andthe sulfur atom in the side chain may be directly join with --CO-- to conform a thiolactone ring.The compounds of this invention have excellent thymulin-like activities and are expected to be useful for treatment of various immune disorders such as immunodeficiency and autoimmune diseases.

Abstract: A permanent waving composition which comprises N-carbamoylcysteine and which acts mildly on the human hair and skin and has outstanding stability during application and storage. When further incorporating cysteine, the composition posseses the advantages afforded by cysteine without involving the drawbacks attendant on the use of cysteine.

Abstract: A process for preparing N-carbamoyl-D-(2-thienyl or 3-thienyl)glycine by subjecting 5-(2-thienyl or 3-thienyl)hydantoin to the action of a cultured broth, cells or treated cells of microorganisms having an ability of stereospecifically hydrolyzing the hydantoin ring. N-carbamoyl-D-(2-thienyl or 3-thienyl)glycine is a useful intermediate for the preparation of medicines and can be readily converted into D-(2-thienyl or 3-thienyl)glycine.