Abstract: The present disclosure describes a semiconductor structure and a method for forming the same. The semiconductor structure can include a substrate, a gate structure over the substrate, a source/drain (S/D) contact structure adjacent to the gate structure, a layer of dielectric material over the S/D contact structure, a conductor layer over and in contact with the layer of dielectric material and above the S/D contact structure, and an interconnect structure over and in contact with the conductor layer.

Abstract: A retroreflective article including a binder layer and a plurality of retroreflective elements. Each retroreflective element includes a transparent microsphere partially embedded in the binder layer. At least some of the retroreflective elements include a reflective layer that is a locally-laminated reflective layer that is embedded between the transparent microsphere and the binder layer. At least some of the locally-laminated reflective layers may be localized reflective layers.

Abstract: A retroreflective article comprises a binder layer and a plurality of retroreflective elements, each retroreflective element comprising a transparent microsphere partially embedded in the binder layer. At least some of the retroreflective elements comprise a first locally laminated layer and a second locally laminated layer that may be reflective layers. A transfer article comprises a disposable carrier layer in which the retroreflective article is detachably disposed with at least some of the transparent microspheres in contact with the disposable carrier layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a semiconductor structure and a method for forming the same. The semiconductor structure can include a substrate, a gate structure over the substrate, a source/drain (S/D) contact structure adjacent to the gate structure, a layer of dielectric material over the S/D contact structure, a conductor layer over and in contact with the layer of dielectric material and above the S/D contact structure, and an interconnect structure over and in contact with the conductor layer.

Abstract: A method for determining a recovery factor of a deep coal bed methane (CBM) well includes steps of: (1) collecting an original formation pressure and pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) experimental data of the CBM well, and establishing a relationship table between pressure and deviation factor; (2) obtaining isothermal adsorption experimental data, an original adsorbed gas content and an original free gas content for the deep coal rock; (3) according to the isothermal adsorption experimental data, determining Langmuir's pressure and Langmuir's volume; (4) determining an abandoned formation pressure in CBM well exploitation; (5) obtaining a deviation factor at the original formation pressure and a deviation factor at the abandoned formation pressure; and (6) according to the original formation pressure, the original adsorbed gas content, the original free gas content, the Langmuir's pressure, the abandoned formation pressure, the above deviation factors, the recovery factor of the CBM well is calculated.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes in one instance an optical article comprising a data rich plurality of retroreflective elements that are configured in a spatially defined arrangement, where the plurality of retroreflective elements comprise retroreflective elements having at least two different retroreflective properties, and where data rich means information that is readily machine interpretable. The present disclosure also includes a system comprising the previously mentioned optical article, an optical system, and an inference engine for interpreting and classifying the plurality of retroreflective elements wherein the optical system feeds data to the inference engine.

Abstract: A method for determining production shares of free gas and adsorbed gas in deep coalbed methane well mining includes steps of: collecting an original formation pressure and PVT sampling experimental analysis data of a coalbed methane well to obtain deviation factors; collecting isothermal adsorption experimental data as well as adsorbed gas content and free gas content under the original formation pressure and the temperature conditions; determining a Langmuir pressure and a Langmuir volume based on the isothermal adsorption experimental data; determining daily production of the free gas and the adsorbed gas, determining a coalbed methane recovery percent, and determining production shares of the free gas and the adsorbed gas under any formation pressure; and obtaining the production shares of the free gas and the adsorbed gas under different recovery percent. The method is simple, easy to understand and implement.

Abstract: A method for determining productivity of deep coalbed methane well considering impacts of fracturing fluids and produced water includes steps of: based on coalbed methane PVT experimental data, determining a relationship table between pressure and deviation factor, and determining process parameter; recording daily gas production rates, bottomhole flow pressures, cumulative gas productions, and cumulative water production; determining formation pressures based on a coalbed methane material balance equation considering the impacts of the fracturing fluids and the produced water; according to the formation pressures, the bottomhole flow pressures and the production rates, determining coefficients in a deliverability equation for the coalbed methane well, thereby determining the deliverability equation; putting the formation pressure and the bottomhole flow pressures into the deliverability equation and solving for the productivity of the coalbed methane well.

Abstract: Optical articles including a spatially defined arrangement of a plurality of data rich retroreflective elements, wherein the plurality of retroreflective elements comprise retroreflective elements having at least two different retroreflective properties and at least two different optical contrasts with respect to a background substrate when observed within an ultraviolet spectrum, a visible spectrum, a near-infrared spectrum, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to development research of oil and gas fields, and more particularly to a method for determining transmissibilty in numerical simulation of oil and gas reservoirs on unstructured grids. Based on the core seepage experimental data and well logging data of the drilled wells, the method takes into account the centroid distance of two adjacent grids as well as seepage direction vectors in the oil and gas reservoir simulation, and then adopts effective seepage area and directional permeability of the interface between the adjacent grids in seepage direction to calculate the transmissibilty. The present invention further verifies the reliability of the method by a rectangular grid example (rectangular grid is a special case of unstructured grids) whose accurate transmissibilty values can be obtained. The method of the present invention is simple, easy to understand and realize, operable, effective and practical.

Abstract: A retroreflective article including a binder layer and a plurality of retroreflective elements. Each retroreflective element includes a transparent microsphere partially embedded in the binder layer. At least some of the retroreflective elements include a reflective layer that is embedded between the transparent microsphere and the binder layer. At least some of the embedded reflective layers are localized reflective layers.

Abstract: A method for determining adsorbed gas content during a production process of a deep coalbed methane well, includes steps of: collecting an original formation pressure, PVT experimental analysis data, a Langmuir pressure, an adsorbed gas content in the reserves under the original formation pressure conditions, a free gas content in the reserves under the original formation pressure conditions, and a coalbed methane well productivity equation obtained based on historical production test data; establishing a functional relationship expression between the deviation factor and the formation pressure; obtaining a coalbed methane well production and a bottom hole flow pressure at a preset production time; determining a formation pressure at the preset production time; and determining a deviation factor under an original formation pressure condition; utilizing a model to determine the adsorbed gas content pera in the coal bed methane production at the corresponding production time.

Abstract: A radar-optical fusion article for attachment to a substrate is described. The radar-optical fusion article includes a first retroreflective layer which is configured to retroreflect at least a portion of light having a wavelength in a range from about 400 nm to about 2500 nm. The radar-optical fusion article includes a second retroreflective layer disposed adjacent to the first retroreflective layer. The second retroreflective layer is configured to retroreflect at least a portion of an electromagnetic wave having a frequency in the range from about 0.5 GHz to about 100 GHz.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for real-time pain detection, which comprises a means for acquiring biomedical signals relating to pain in a subject in need thereof, a computing means for transforming the acquired biomedical signals during a given period of time into the signal data for measurement of pain, analyzing the data to divide into two or more models, including at least a pain model which is defined by the data showing a peak-shaped profile and a non-pain model which is defined by the data showing a flat profile, whereby the pain status of the subject is measured based on the results of the analysis, a process means for generating an index of pain using the results of the analysis depending on the subject's demands or sensation, and a display showing the pain status of the subject.

Abstract: The disclosed patterned wavelength-selective material and process for making the patterned wavelength-selective material uses patterned applied adhesive and a structurally weak wavelength-selective material that includes portions that contact the adhesive and break to remain in contact with the adhesive. In one embodiment, the wavelength-selective material comprises an array of sections with cuts at least partially through a wavelength-selective film at each section secured to the adhesive. In another embodiment, the wavelength-selective film comprises a transfer stack of layers.

Abstract: Wavelength-selective films are visibly apparent under the selective wavelength. Wavelength-selective films typically reflect off axis the selected wavelength and therefore can provide high-contrast against a background when applied in a pattern on a substrate. However, it is difficult to apply unique patterned embedded images from film. Disclosed is a cost-effective method and construction of a patterned wavelength-selective image to a substrate. In the disclosed wavelength-selective image, wavelength-selective film particles are applied to an adhesive pattern to create the wavelength-selective image.

Abstract: A method for determining a productivity of a coalbed methane well without shutting down the well includes steps of: obtaining coalbed methane basic data; based on PVT experimental data, determining a relationship table between a pressure and a coalbed methane deviation factor, and a relationship table between the pressure and a pseudo-pressure; recording daily gas production rates, bottomhole flow pressures, and cumulative gas productions at each stabilized flow pressure test moment in at least three different production stages; determining formation pressures corresponding to each stabilized flow pressure test moment based on a material balance equation; according to the formation pressures, the bottomhole flow pressures and the production rates, determining coefficients in a deliverability equation of the coalbed methane well for determining the deliverability equation; substituting the formation pressures and the bottomhole flow pressures into the deliverability equation for obtaining corresponding product

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an antenna apparatus and an electronic device, relating to the technical field of antennas. The antenna apparatus includes a circuit board, a first coil, and a light module. The first coil is provided on the circuit board. The light module is annularly provided on the circuit board along a circumferential direction of the first coil. For the antennal apparatus provided in the present disclosure, by providing the first coil on the circuit board, and meanwhile arranging the light module in a ring shape on the circuit board along the circumferential direction of the first coil, the light module and the first coil are respectively electrically connected to a motherboard of the electronic device, so that an operating state of the first coil is displayed by brightness or color of the light module.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a semiconductor structure and a method for forming the same. The semiconductor structure can include a substrate, a gate structure over the substrate, a source/drain (S/D) contact structure adjacent to the gate structure, a layer of dielectric material over the S/D contact structure, a conductor layer over and in contact with the layer of dielectric material and above the S/D contact structure, and an interconnect structure over and in contact with the conductor layer.