Abstract: Methods, systems and apparatus for video processing are described. One example video processing method includes performing a conversion between a video including a video region and a bitstream of the video according to a rule, wherein the rule specifies that an adaptive loop filtering operation is allowed for the video region in response to an absence of one or more adaptation parameter set (APS) network abstraction layer (NAL) units that include adaptive loop filtering data.

Abstract: A negative electrode sheet and a battery applying the same are provided. The negative electrode sheet includes a current collector and a negative electrode active coating disposed on two opposite surfaces of the current collector. The negative electrode active coating contains a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material includes graphite. The negative electrode sheet satisfies 0.0025??*?/PD?0.0065, where ? is a porosity of the negative electrode sheet, ? is a surface density of a single surface of the negative electrode sheet with a unit of g/cm2, and PD is a compacted density of the negative electrode sheet with a unit of g/cm3. The compacted density PD, the surface density ?, and the electrode sheet porosity ? of the negative electrode sheet form specific correlation relationships among one another.

Abstract: A composite biochar for controlling heavy metal pollution and a process for producing the same, in particular enrichment of heavy metals such as arsenic and lead in soil with centipede grass, thereafter centipede grass is sintered with hydroxyapatite, sepiolite and chitosan, and compounded with microorganisms to produce said composite biochar; through the process of the present invention, heavy metals such as arsenic and lead are stably enriched or coated in said composite biochar, significantly reducing the potential hazard of arsenic and lead to the environment, and also providing new developmental ideas for treating heavy metal biomass.

Abstract: Several techniques for video encoding and video decoding are described. One example method includes performing a conversion between a video picture of a video comprising one or more slices and a bitstream of the video picture according to a rule. The rule specifies that that whether a first syntax element indicating a usage of a coding tool is present at a first level is based on a syntax flag indicating whether a syntax structure of a second level is not present at the first level, wherein the second level is higher than the first level, and wherein the second level is the video picture level or higher than the video picture level.

Abstract: Techniques for video processing, including video coding, video decoding and video transcoding are described. One example method includes performing a conversion between a video picture that includes one or more tiles and one or more rectangular slices and a bitstream of the video according to a rule. The rule specifies that, for iteratively determining information about the one or more rectangular slices, a variable indicating a tile index is updated only for slices having indices that are smaller than a value equal to a number of slices in the video picture minus 1.

Abstract: Methods, systems and devices for signaling of coded buffer picture information in video bitstream processing are disclosed. An example method of video processing includes performing a conversion between a video comprising one or more pictures and a bitstream of the video, wherein the bitstream conforms to a format rule, wherein the format rule specifies that a first syntax element, when included in the bitstream, is access unit (AU) specific, wherein the value of the first syntax element is based on whether an associated AU is an intra random access points (IRAP) AU or a gradual decoding refresh (GDR) AU, and wherein the value of the first syntax element specifies (i) whether a second syntax element is present in a buffering period supplemental enhancement information (SEI) message, and (ii) whether alternative timing information is present in a picture timing SEI message in a current buffering period.

Abstract: Examples of video encoding methods and apparatus and video decoding methods and apparatus are described. An example method of video processing includes performing a conversion between a video and a bitstream of the video. The bitstream includes one or more layers including one or more network abstraction layer (NAL) units according to a format rule that specifies that a first layer identifier in a header of an end of sequence network abstraction layer (EOS NAL) unit is required to be equal to a second layer identifier of one of the one or more layers in the bitstream.

Abstract: A method of decoding a coded video bitstream implemented by a video decoder is disclosed. The method includes determining that a coded video sequence (CVS) of the coded video bitstream includes a video coding layer (VCL) network abstraction layer (NAL) unit having a gradual decoding refresh (GDR) network abstraction layer (NAL) unit type (GDR_NUT), the VCL NAL unit having the GDR_NUT containing a GDR picture; initiating decoding of the CVS at the GDR picture; and generating an image according to the CVS as decoded. A corresponding method of encoding is also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods, systems, apparatus for video processing are described. The processing may include encoding, decoding or transcoding. One example video processing method includes performing a conversion between a video including one or more pictures and a bitstream of the video according to a format rule. The format rule specifies to include, in a general constrain syntax structure, a syntax element indicating whether each picture includes only one slice, and whether a picture header syntax structure is present in a slice header.

Abstract: A method of decoding a coded video bitstream includes obtaining a reference picture list structure for a current slice represented in the coded video bitstream, wherein the reference picture list structure contains a number of entries; obtaining a default number of active entries in a reference picture list for the current slice; constructing a reference picture list for the current slice, the reference picture list containing a number of active and inactive entries; setting the number of active entries in the reference picture list equal to the number of entries in the reference picture list structure when the default number of active entries in the reference picture list is greater than the number of entries in the reference picture list structure; and obtaining, based on at least one active entry of the reference picture list, at least one reconstructed block of the current slice.

Abstract: A mechanism for processing video data is disclosed. A value of an annotated region (AR) object label index of an i-th AR object index (ar_object_label_idx[ar_object_idx[i]]) syntax element is determined. The ar_object_label_idx[ar_object_idx[i]] syntax element is specified to be in a range of N to M, where N and M are integers and N is less than M. A conversion is performed between a visual media data and a bitstream based on the ar_object_label_idx[ar_object_idx[i]] syntax element.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for processing of video are described. The processing may include video encoding, decoding, or transcoding. One example video processing method includes performing a conversion between a video including one or more pictures including one or more subpictures and a bitstream of the video. The bitstream conforms to a format rule that specifies that a subpicture cannot be a random access type of subpicture in response to the subpicture not being a leading subpicture of an intra random access point subpicture. The leading subpicture precedes the intra random access point subpicture in output order.

Abstract: Methods, systems and apparatus for video processing are described. One example video processing method includes performing a conversion between a video comprising a video block and a bitstream of the video according to a rule, wherein the video block is a coding tree node that includes one or more coding units, and wherein the rule specifies that a coded information of the video block is indicative of whether a coding mode is enabled for the one or more coding units of the video block.

Abstract: A video coding mechanism is disclosed. The mechanism includes receiving an extracted bitstream that is a result of a sub-bitstream extraction process from an input bitstream containing a set of sub-pictures. The extracted bitstream contains only a subset of the sub-pictures of the input bitstream to the sub-bitstream extraction process. A flag from the extracted bitstream is set to indicate that sub-picture information related to the subset of the sub-pictures is present in the extracted bitstream. One or more sub-picture identifiers (IDs) for the subset of the sub-pictures are obtained based on the flag. The subset of the sub-pictures is decoded based on the sub-picture IDs.

Abstract: Methods, systems, apparatuses for video processing are described. A method for processing video includes performing a conversion between a video and a bitstream of the video according to a format rule, and wherein the format rule specifies to include, in a general constraint syntax structure associated with the video, one or more general constraint flags indicating whether corresponding syntax elements are included in a sequence parameter set (SPS) and/or a picture parameter set (PPS) and/or a picture header (PH) and/or a slice header (SH) or to constrain values of the syntax elements in the SPS and/or the PPS and/or the PH and/or the SH.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods related to digital video coding, and specifically, to signaling of slice types in video picture headers are described. One example method of video processing includes performing a conversion between a video including one or more video pictures including one or more slices and a bitstream of the video, wherein the bitstream conforms to a format rule, and wherein the format rule specifies that for a video picture of the one or more video pictures having all slices coded as I slices, P slice and B slice related syntax elements are omitted from a picture header for the video picture.

Abstract: A method of video processing includes performing a conversion between a video including a picture and a bitstream of the video, wherein the bitstream conforms to a format rule, wherein the format rule specifies that an indication of whether a first flag is signalled at a beginning of a picture header associated with the picture, wherein the first flag is indicative of whether the picture is an intra random access point (IRAP) picture or a gradual decoding refresh (GDR) picture.

Abstract: A video processing method is described. The method includes performing a conversion between a video region of a video and a coded representation of the video. The performing of the conversion includes configuring, based on a partition type of the video region, a context model for coding a first bin. The first bin and a second bin are included in a bin string corresponding to an index of a secondary transform tool. The index indicates an applicability of the secondary transform tool and/or a kernel information of the secondary transform tool. The secondary transform tool includes applying, during encoding, a forward secondary transform to an output of a forward primary transform applied to a residual of a video block prior to quantization, or applying, during decoding, an inverse secondary transform to an output of dequantization to the video block before applying an inverse primary transform.

Abstract: Methods, systems, apparatus for video processing are described. A method for processing video includes performing a conversion between a video and a bitstream of the video according to a format rule, and wherein the format rule specifies whether a syntax element in a sequence parameter set (SPS) based on a value of a general constraint flag.

Abstract: A video coding mechanism is disclosed. The mechanism includes receiving an extracted bitstream that is a result of a sub-bitstream extraction process from an input bitstream containing a set of sub-pictures. The extracted bitstream contains only a subset of the sub-pictures of the input bitstream to the sub-bitstream extraction process. A flag from the extracted bitstream is set to indicate that sub-picture information related to the subset of the sub-pictures is present in the extracted bitstream. One or more sub-picture identifiers (IDs) for the subset of the sub-pictures are obtained based on the flag. The subset of the sub-pictures is decoded based on the sub-picture IDs.