Abstract: A driver circuit has a pad that may be utilized for programming a core circuit or receiving a data signal. A trace high circuit receives a pad voltage signal from the pad, and outputs a trace high voltage approximating a higher voltage of the pad voltage signal and the power supply voltage. A level shifter and a first inverter output a pull high control signal generated by inverting and level shifting a programming control signal. An ESD blocking circuit selectively blocks the pad voltage signal from reaching the core circuit depending on the pad voltage signal and the level-shifted programming control signal. A pull high circuit receives the pull high control signal and the power supply voltage, and outputs the power supply voltage to the core circuit when the pull high control signal is lower than the power supply voltage.

Abstract: Provided is a flux regulation method for use in a power converter, wherein the method is carried out by a flux bias controller. The flux bias controller includes a current detector which is configured to detect the primary current of the transformer of the power converter in a predetermined switching cycle, a DC bias processor which is configured to obtain the duty ratio control signal according to the sampled primary current outputted from the current detector for a switching cycle later than the predetermined switching cycle, and a PWM controller which is configured to generate driving signals to control the on/off operations of the switching circuit of the power converter according to the duty ratio control signal, thereby suppressing the DC bias of the transformer by regulating the duty ratio of the switch circuit.

Abstract: An optical head for reading an object includes a hollow housing, a light source module, a diffuser structure and a light sensing module. The light source module is fixed in the hollow housing and provides an initial light ray. The diffuser structure is connected the hollow housing, receives the initial light ray, and processes the initial light ray into a uniform light ray for output. The initial light ray is reflected by the diffuser structure multiple times to form the uniform light ray. The light sensing module is fixed in the hollow housing and senses the uniform light ray reflected by the object. An optical axis of the light sensing module is substantially parallel to an axial direction of the diffuser structure.

Abstract: A pad circuit includes a pad, a gate driving circuit, a voltage selection circuit, and an ESD detection/avoiding circuit. The gate driving circuit is used to discharge the ESD induced current. The ESD detection/avoiding circuit is used to isolate the ESD induced voltage. The voltage selection circuit selects a higher voltage from a power/ground terminal and the pad and outputs it to the gate driving circuit, so that the pad circuit can be used for the programming and 1/0 operations.

Abstract: A method of focus and a focusing apparatus and a detecting module are provided. The detecting module includes an ellipse curved-surface reflection device and a light detector. The ellipse curved-surface reflection device has a beam gate, a first focus and a second focus. A light beam is focused by a light focusing device, and is projected on a surface of an object to be detected through the beam gate. The ellipse curved-surface reflection device reflects the light beams reflected or scattered by the object. The light detector is disposed on the second focus for receiving the light beam reflected by the ellipse curved-surface reflection device to generate a detecting result, by which a distance between the light focusing device and the surface of the object to be detected is adjusted, so that the light beam is correctly focused on the surface of the object.