Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a first die having a first substrate, an interconnect structure overlying the first substrate and having multiple metal layers with vias connecting the multiple metal layers, a seal ring structure overlying the first substrate and along a periphery of the first substrate, the seal ring structure having multiple metal layers with vias connecting the multiple metal layers, the seal ring structure having a topmost metal layer, the topmost metal layer being the metal layer of the seal ring structure that is furthest from the first substrate, the topmost metal layer of the seal ring structure having an inner metal structure and an outer metal structure, and a polymer layer over the seal ring structure, the polymer layer having an outermost edge that is over and aligned with a top surface of the outer metal structure of the seal ring structure.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, a fin structure is formed by patterning a semiconductor layer, and an annealing operation is performed on the fin structure. In the patterning of the semiconductor layer, a damaged area is formed on a sidewall of the fin structure, and the annealing operation eliminates the damaged area.

Abstract: An optical device having a first region and a second region surrounding the first region is provided. The optical device includes a substrate. The optical device also includes a first meta-structure disposed on the substrate and having a plurality of first peripheral pillars in the second region. The optical device further includes a second meta-structure disposed on the substrate and having a plurality of second peripheral pillars corresponding to the plurality of first peripheral pillars. Each of the second peripheral pillars has a first shifting distance with respect to a corresponding first peripheral pillar in the radiation direction from the center of the optical device to the edge of the optical device.

Abstract: An optical device includes a first conductive layer, a first junction layer, a light absorption layer, a second junction layer, and a second conductive layer. The first junction layer is disposed on the first conductive layer. The light absorption layer is disposed on the first junction layer, wherein the light absorption layer includes a plurality of unit cells, each of the unit cells includes a plurality of pillar structures, and the pillar structures of each of the unit cells are different sizes. The second junction layer is disposed on the light absorption layer. The second conductive layer is disposed on the second junction layer.

Abstract: An image-capturing device includes a camera module and a controller. The camera module captures an image of an object. The camera module includes a first camera and a second camera. The first camera has a first field of view (FOV) and captures an image in the first FOV, so as to produce a first image. The second camera is adjacent to the first camera and has a second FOV, in which the first FOV is wider than the second FOV. The second camera captures an image in the second FOV, so as to produce a second image. A displayer displays one of the first and second images. When a zoom ratio of the first image increases, the controller selects a display region in the first image according to an object distance, such that the display region is enlarged and then displayed on the displayer.

Abstract: A transistor includes a gate structure that has a first gate dielectric layer and a second gate dielectric layer. The first gate dielectric layer is disposed over the substrate. The first gate dielectric layer contains a first type of dielectric material that has a first dielectric constant. The second gate dielectric layer is disposed over the first gate dielectric layer. The second gate dielectric layer contains a second type of dielectric material that has a second dielectric constant. The second dielectric constant is greater than the first dielectric constant. The first dielectric constant and the second dielectric constant are each greater than a dielectric constant of silicon oxide.

Abstract: An optical communication device includes a plurality of laser sources, a plurality of first meta-lenses, and an optical fiber. The laser sources transmit a plurality of laser beams in the same direction according to electrical signals. The laser beams have different wavelengths. The first meta-lenses receive the laser beams, and in a first substrate, refract the laser beams to a focal point to generate a mixed laser beam. The optical fiber receives the mixed laser beam for transmission. The focal point is arranged at the input end of the optical fiber.

Abstract: An optical device is provided. The optical device includes a substrate, a plurality of color filters formed on the substrate, and a plurality of spacers formed between the color filters. Each spacer has a first sidewall and a second sidewall opposite to the first sidewall. There is a first angle between the first sidewall of each spacer and a normal line of the top surface of the substrate. There is a second angle between the second sidewall of each spacer and the normal line of the top surface of the substrate. At least one of the first angle and the second angle is increased gradually towards the edge of the substrate.

Abstract: An optical device is provided. The optical device includes a plurality of metal grids, a first patterned organic layer, and a second patterned organic layer. The first patterned organic layer includes a first portion having a first thickness, a second portion having a second thickness, a third portion having a third thickness, and a plurality of fourth portions. The first portion, the second portion and the third portion are respectively formed between the metal grids. The fourth portions are formed on the metal grids. The first thickness of the first portion is greater than the second thickness of the second portion. The second thickness of the second portion is greater than the third thickness of the third portion. The second patterned organic layer is formed on the fourth portions of the first patterned organic layer.

Abstract: An optical device is provided. The optical device includes a plurality of metal grids, a first patterned organic layer, and a second patterned organic layer. The first patterned organic layer includes a first portion having a first thickness, a second portion having a second thickness, a third portion having a third thickness, and a plurality of fourth portions. The first portion, the second portion and the third portion are respectively formed between the metal grids. The fourth portions are formed on the metal grids. The first thickness of the first portion is greater than the second thickness of the second portion. The second thickness of the second portion is greater than the third thickness of the third portion. The second patterned organic layer is formed on the fourth portions of the first patterned organic layer.

Abstract: An optical device is provided. The optical device includes a substrate, a plurality of color filters formed on the substrate, and a plurality of spacers formed between the color filters. Each spacer has a first sidewall and a second sidewall opposite to the first sidewall. There is a first angle between the first sidewall of each spacer and a normal line of the top surface of the substrate. There is a second angle between the second sidewall of each spacer and the normal line of the top surface of the substrate. At least one of the first angle and the second angle is increased gradually towards the edge of the substrate.

Abstract: A foam roller includes a tube and a pad. The tube is made of an elastic material and formed with an external face and an internal face. The external face of the tube includes facets, ridges and protuberances. Each of the ridges is formed between two adjacent ones of the facets. The protuberances are formed on the facets. The pad is made of a relatively soft and elastic material and formed on the external face of the tube. The pad includes facets, ridges and protuberances corresponding to the facets, ridges and protuberances of the tube.

Abstract: An optical element is provided. The optical element includes an array structure having an implant area and a non-implant area. The non-implant area is adjacent to the implant area. The implant area has an implant concentration ranging from 1×1013 cm?2 to 6.7×1013 cm?2. The array structure is a color filter array including a plurality of color filters. At least one of the color filters has the implant area. The implant area has a first refractive index. The non-implant area has a second refractive index. The first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index.

Abstract: An image sensor is provided. The image sensor includes: a plurality of photoelectric elements for receiving an incident light. The photoelectric elements are arranged into a plurality of unit cells, and each of the unit cells includes a first photoelectric element and a second photoelectric element. The first photoelectric element in each of the unit cells captures a first pixel in a first phase, and the second photoelectric element in each of the unit cells captures a second pixel in a second phase, wherein the first phase is different from the second phase.

Abstract: An optical element is provided. The optical element includes an array structure having an implant area and a non-implant area. The non-implant area is adjacent to the implant area. The implant area has an implant concentration ranging from 1×1013 cm?2 to 6.7×1013 cm?2. The array structure is a color filter array including a plurality of color filters. At least one of the color filters has the implant area. The implant area has a first refractive index. The non-implant area has a second refractive index. The first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index.

Abstract: An image sensor is provided. The image sensor includes a microlens array having a plurality of microlenses; and a sensor array having a plurality of photoelectric elements that are arranged into a plurality of macro pixels. Each macro pixel includes a first photoelectric element, a second photoelectric element, a third photoelectric element, and a fourth photoelectric element that receive incident light via a first microlens, a second microlens, a third microlens, and a fourth lens in the plurality of microlenses. The first microlens, the second microlens, the third microlens, and the fourth microlens in each macro pixel have a first initial offset, a second initial offset, a third initial offset, and a fourth initial offset, respectively. The first microlens and the second microlens in each of the plurality of macro pixels further have a first additional offset and a second additional offset, respectively.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a sensing layer, a number of filter units, and a grid structure. The filter units are disposed on the sensing layer. The grid structure is disposed on the sensing layer and surrounding each of the filter units. The grid structure includes a first partition wall disposed on the sensing layer and located between two adjacent filter units, and a second partition wall disposed on the first partition wall located between the two adjacent filter units. The refractive index of the first partition wall is less than the refractive index of the second partition wall.

Abstract: An image sensor is provided. The image sensor includes a microlens array having a plurality of microlenses; and a sensor array having a plurality of photoelectric elements that are arranged into a plurality of macro pixels. Each macro pixel includes a first photoelectric element, a second photoelectric element, a third photoelectric element, and a fourth photoelectric element that receive incident light via a first microlens, a second microlens, a third microlens, and a fourth lens in the plurality of microlenses. The first microlens, the second microlens, the third microlens, and the fourth microlens in each macro pixel have a first initial offset, a second initial offset, a third initial offset, and a fourth initial offset, respectively. The first microlens and the second microlens in each of the plurality of macro pixels further have a first additional offset and a second additional offset, respectively.

Abstract: An image sensor package includes a medium layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The image sensor package also includes a metal-insulator-metal structure disposed on the first surface of the medium layer. The metal-insulator-metal structure includes a first metal layer, a first insulating layer, and a second metal layer, and the first insulating layer is disposed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The image sensor package further includes an optical filter disposed on the second surface of the medium layer.

Abstract: An image sensor package includes a medium layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The image sensor package also includes a metal-insulator-metal structure disposed on the first surface of the medium layer. The metal-insulator-metal structure includes a first metal layer, a first insulating layer, and a second metal layer, and the first insulating layer is disposed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The image sensor package further includes an optical filter disposed on the second surface of the medium layer.