Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a heater block and an apparatus for heating a substrate having the same, and more particularly, to a heater block having excellent heat dissipation characteristics and capable of precisely controlling a heating temperature, and an apparatus for heating a substrate having the same. A heater block according to an exemplary embodiment includes a cooling plate provided with a cooling passage through which cooling water flows, a plurality of light emitting modules provided on a first surface of the cooling plate to emit light toward an object to be heated, and a plurality of power supply modules provided on a second surface of the cooling plate and electrically connected to the plurality of light emitting modules by passing through the cooling plate to supply power.

Abstract: The present inventive concept relates to a substrate processing apparatus and a substrate processing method, which can accurately measure temperature in even a low-temperature region, thus making it possible to efficiently manage heat. The substrate processing apparatus comprises: a chamber for providing a processing space in which a substrate is processed; a substrate support provided in the processing space of the chamber in order to support the substrate; a heater provided with a plurality of semiconductor laser modules that emit light toward a first surface of the substrate; and a pyrometer which is provided on the side of a second surface of the substrate facing the first surface and detects light emitted from the substrate to measure the temperature of the substrate. The main light-emitting wavelength of the plurality of semiconductor laser modules may be shorter than the measurement wavelength of the pyrometer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems, non-transitory computer-readable media, and methods for synchronously displaying, a first interface on a requestor mobile computing device and a second interface on an autonomous vehicle computing device based on a ride state. For example, the autonomous vehicle synchronization system provides effective communication during a transportation request fulfilled by an autonomous vehicle by synchronously providing for display the first interface and the second interface based on the ride state. For example, in response to receiving a digital transportation request, the autonomous vehicle synchronization system can monitor signals from a requestor mobile computing device and/or the autonomous vehicle computing device. Based on the monitored signals, the autonomous vehicle synchronization system determines the ride state and generates the first interface and second interface and provides, for synchronous display, the first and second interfaces.

Abstract: In a high pressure gas charging system and method, the system includes a charging container, a fluid supply part and a high pressure charging part. A high pressure gas is charged in the charging container. The fluid supply part is connected to a first side of the charging container, and is configured to supply incompressible fluid into the charging container before charging the high pressure gas. The high pressure charging part is connected to a second side of the charging container, and is configured to charge the high pressure gas into the charging container in which the incompressible fluid is already supplied. The incompressible fluid is supplied to the charging container until an inner pressure of the charging container reaches a predetermined pressure, and the incompressible fluid is removed to outside through the fluid supply part as the high pressure gas is charged into the charging container.

Abstract: An artificial neural network model training method is proposed. The method may include preparing training data including digital intermediate frequency data based on a signal received from an antenna array of a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system as input data, and at least one of a target beam pattern and a target weight vector as output data. The method may also include training an artificial neural network model for wideband frequency uniform multi-beam generation using the training data. A weight vector of the artificial neural network model may be recursively trained using at least one of a target beam pattern-based loss function and a target weight vector-based loss function necessary to generate desired multiple beams.

Abstract: An autonomous un-parking system and method of a vehicle that identify a user when un-parking a parked vehicle to propose a user-based boarding location, and control user-customized autonomous un-parking, may include a communication terminal of a user, a communication device disposed in a vehicle to receive an un-parking request of the vehicle from the communication terminal, and a controller disposed in the vehicle to determine a boarding location based on the user in a response to the un-parking request, and to control un-parking of the vehicle to the determined boarding location.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems, non-transitory computer-readable media, and methods for intelligently restricting transportation changes based on signals in a dynamic transportation matching system. For example, the disclosed systems can analyze signals associated with transportation of a requestor by a vehicle of a provider to determine whether a transportation-change request is indicated. In response to determining that a transportation-change request is indicated, the disclosed systems can prevent a transportation change to a destination, route, or waypoint and generate a restriction notification. The disclosed system can also provide the restriction notification to at least a provider client device in response to determining that it is safe to do so.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a thin film manufacturing apparatus including a chamber having an inner process space of a substrate, a substrate support unit connected to the chamber to support the substrate in the chamber, a heat source unit connected to the chamber and disposed opposite to the substrate support unit, a plasma generation unit connected to one side of the chamber to supply radicals between the substrate support unit and the heat source unit, and a baffle connected to the chamber and including a movement passage of the radicals therein and a plurality of first exhaust holes communicating with the movement passage, which are formed in a top surface thereof. The thin film manufacturing apparatus may improve uniformity of the thin film formed on the substrate.

Abstract: A hidden type holder device includes: a stationary assembly, a movable assembly, and a first return spring, the movable assembly is accommodated in the stationary assembly and movable to the inside or outside of the stationary assembly, the movable assembly has a retractable holder assembly for accommodating an article, and two opposite end portions of the return spring are respectively mounted on the stationary assembly and the movable assembly.

Abstract: A rotatable armrest includes: a housing; a button system; and a hinge system engaged to the button system, in which the button system and the hinge system are provided in the housing, in which the hinge system includes a hinge shaft, and the rotatable armrest is fixed at a first position, a second position, or a third position by being rotated about the hinge shaft, and in which the rotatable armrest is configured to be positioned to be folded downward at the first position, the rotatable armrest is configured to be positioned to be directed forward horizontally at the second position, and the rotatable armrest is configured to be positioned to be directed rearward horizontally at the third position.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing an acrylic acid including: dehydrating a lactic acid aqueous solution in a reaction unit to prepare a reaction product stream; passing the reaction product stream through a cooling unit and a refining unit sequentially and supplying a discharge stream from the refining unit to an acrylic acid separation column; and separating an unreacted lactic acid as a side discharge stream and separating the acrylic acid as an upper discharge stream in the acrylic acid separation column.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems, non-transitory computer-readable media, and methods for intelligently restricting transportation changes based on signals in a dynamic transportation matching system. For example, the disclosed systems can analyze signals associated with transportation of a requestor by a vehicle of a provider to determine whether a transportation-change request is indicated. In response to determining that a transportation-change request is indicated, the disclosed systems can prevent a transportation change to a destination, route, or waypoint and generate a restriction notification. The disclosed system can also provide the restriction notification to at least a provider client device in response to determining that it is safe to do so.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing an acrylic acid including: supplying a lactic acid aqueous solution to a reactor and performing a dehydration reaction to prepare a reaction product including an acrylic acid; supplying a reactor discharge stream including the reaction product to a first cooling tower and supplying an upper discharge stream from the first cooling tower to a second cooling tower; supplying a first acrylic acid aqueous solution stream discharged from a lower portion of the second cooling tower to an extraction column; supplying an upper discharge stream from the extraction column and a second acrylic acid aqueous solution stream discharged from a lower portion of the first cooling tower to a distillation column; and separating the acrylic acid from a lower discharge stream from the distillation column.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing an acrylic acid, in which a lactic acid aqueous solution is dehydrated to prepare a reaction product stream, from which by-products are removed using an extraction column, an extractant recovery column, a first separation column, a second separation column, and a refining column to prepare a high-purity acrylic acid.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for forming a thin film. The apparatus for forming a thin film include a chamber configured to define a substrate processing space therein, a substrate support part connected to the chamber to support a substrate inside the chamber, a heat source part connected to the chamber to face the substrate support part, and a plasma generation part connected to the chamber to supply radicals between the substrate support part and the heat source part at at least two points.

Abstract: A hidden type holder device includes: a stationary assembly, a movable assembly, and a first return spring, the movable assembly is accommodated in the stationary assembly and movable to the inside or outside of the stationary assembly, the movable assembly has a retractable holder assembly for accommodating an article, and two opposite end portions of the return spring are respectively mounted on the stationary assembly and the movable assembly.

Abstract: Provided are a method for preparing an oligomer and an apparatus for preparing an oligomer. The method for preparing an oligomer includes performing an oligomerization reaction by feeding a feed stream containing a monomer to a reactor; feeding a first discharge stream of the reactor to a first separation device, and feeding a second discharge stream of the reactor to a second separation device; feeding a lower discharge stream of the second separation device to a third separation device; feeding an upper discharge stream containing the monomer of the third separation device to a monomer dissolution device and dissolving the upper discharge stream in a solvent fed to the monomer dissolution device; and feeding a discharge stream of the monomer dissolution device to the reactor.

Abstract: A rotatable armrest includes: a housing; a button system; and a hinge system engaged to the button system, in which the button system and the hinge system are provided in the housing, in which the hinge system includes a hinge shaft, and the rotatable armrest is fixed at a first position, a second position, or a third position by being rotated about the hinge shaft, and in which the rotatable armrest is configured to be positioned to be folded downward at the first position, the rotatable armrest is configured to be positioned to be directed forward horizontally at the second position, and the rotatable armrest is configured to be positioned to be directed rearward horizontally at the third position.