Abstract: A microwave oven includes a control panel having a panel casing, a membrane board, and a cover sheet. The membrane board is mounted to a front surface of the panel casing. A membrane board seat is formed at a predetermined area of the front surface of the panel casing so as to seat the membrane board. The control panel further includes an air discharging channel which is provided on the membrane board seat, and discharges air existing between the membrane board seat and the membrane board. The air discharging channel may extend to a cover sheet-panel casing interface. Accordingly, air existing between the panel casing, the membrane board and the cover sheet is discharged to the outside as the panel casing, the membrane board and the cover sheet are attached to each other.

Abstract: A microwave oven is adapted to hingeably couple a door to an oven body, while preventing microwaves from leaking between a door frame and a shield plate included in the door. The microwave oven includes a door hinge bracket having a pair of door-side hinge members and a connecting member adapted to connect the door-side hinge members such they have an integral structure. At a front surface portion thereof, on which the door hinge bracket is fitted, the shield plate is provided with a stepped portion for receiving a portion of the door hinge bracket.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a voice book device. The voice book device includes voice book and a book support. The voice book contains various pieces of information. The book support includes a printed circuit board and a housing. The printed circuit board has a storage unit, an optical sensor unit, a decoder unit, a voice output unit, and a control unit. The housing includes the printed circuit board. Each page of the voice book consists of a transparent part and a contents part. An optical reflector is formed on the transparent part and one or more optical sensors are disposed in the book support, and the optical reflectors and the optical sensors are arranged in a one-to-one mapping relationship so that the pages of the voice book are automatically recognized by cooperation operation between the optical reflectors and the optical sensors.

Abstract: A method for testing a memory cell array of a semiconductor memory device in a parallel bit test mode includes selecting first data from one of a plurality of memory regions in the memory array for output from the memory device via an input/output pad, and then selecting second data from another of the plurality of memory regions for output via the input/output pad. The first and second data can be selected from memory regions sharing a row select or a column select control line. Alternatively, one of the first and second data can be selected from memory regions sharing a row select control line, and the other can be selected from memory regions sharing a column select control line. Therefore, a parallel bit test can be performed using fewer input/output pads, and a larger number of semiconductor memory devices can simultaneously be tested. Related circuits are also discussed.

Abstract: Integrated circuit devices are provided including a pair of differential I/O lines and a driver circuit. The driver circuit is configured to drive the pair of differential I/O lines responsive to a write command signal. First and second precharge circuits are also provided. The first precharge circuit is configured to precharge the pair of differential I/O lines to a first voltage during a first mode of operation responsive to an active command signal. The second precharge circuit is configured to precharge the pair of differential I/O lines to a second voltage, lower than the first voltage, during a second mode of operation responsive to the active command signal. Related methods of operating integrated circuit devices are also provided.

Abstract: A microwave oven includes a control panel having a panel casing, a membrane board, and a cover sheet. The membrane board is mounted to a front surface of the panel casing. A membrane board seat is formed at a predetermined area of the front surface of the panel casing so as to seat the membrane board. The control panel further includes an air discharging channel which is provided on the membrane board seat, and discharges air existing between the membrane board seat and the membrane board. The air discharging channel may extend to a cover sheet-panel casing interface. Accordingly, air existing between the panel casing, the membrane board and the cover sheet is discharged to the outside as the panel casing, the membrane board and the cover sheet are attached to each other.

Abstract: A weight detecting device for microwave ovens is used to detect a weight of food placed on an exterior casing to minimize a space to install a weight sensor and to prevent heat from being transmitted from an interior casing through a top plate of the interior casing to the weight sensor. The weight detecting device includes a weight detecting unit and a support unit. The weight detecting unit is supported at an end thereof, and detects a weight according to a force applied to a free end thereof. The support unit supports the weight detecting unit at a position spaced apart from a top plate of an interior casing of a microwave oven.

Abstract: A memory device includes a data line and a variable delay precharge circuit that receives a column bank address signal and a write enable signal and that precharges the data line responsive to the column bank address signal at a time that is determined by a state of the write enable signal. For example, the variable delay precharge circuit may include a precharge circuit operative to precharge the data line responsive to a precharge control signal, and a variable delay precharge control signal generator circuit that receives the column bank address signal and the write enable signal and that delays the precharge control signal with respect to the column bank address signal responsive to the write enable signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a voice book device. The voice book device includes voice book and a book support. The voice book contains various pieces of information. The book support includes a printed circuit board and a housing. The printed circuit board has a storage unit, an optical sensor unit, a decoder unit, a voice output unit, and a control unit. The housing includes the printed circuit board. Each page of the voice book consists of a transparent part and a contents part. An optical reflector is formed on the transparent part and one or more optical sensors are disposed in the book support, and the optical reflectors and the optical sensors are arranged in a one-to-one mapping relationship so that the pages of the voice book are automatically recognized by cooperation operation between the optical reflectors and the optical sensors.

Abstract: A still image compressing apparatus which constantly maintains the compression rate, and a method therefor are provided The still image compressing apparatus which constantly maintains a compression rate, comprises a luminance and chrominance signal generator which receives R, G and B signals of a still image and generates luminance and chrominance signals, a discrete cosine transformer which divides the image, represented by the luminance and chrominance signals, into square areas of a predetermined size, and decomposes each square area into coefficients for all the frequencies ranging from a mean value to a maximum frequency image component, a regular compression rate quantizer which divides each coefficient by a predetermined quantization step size, where coefficients corresponding to frequencies higher than a reference frequency are divided by the maximum possible step size, and an entropy decoder having a code scheme, which allots short-length codes to values having a high probability of occurrence among

Abstract: Memory addressing apparatus and method for block scan and raster scan in an apparatus for processing image data of which the horizontal resolution is H and the vertical resolution is V. The memory addressing apparatus includes a horizontal counter for outputting a value sequentially incremented by a write or read signal for storing or reading image data in or from the memory, a vertical counter for outputting a value sequentially incremented by a horizontal synchronizing signal included in the image data, and an address generator for generating an address for raster scan or block scan according to a control signal by the horizontal and the vertical count values. Accordingly, memory address generating functions for raster scan and block scan are integrated into one unit, thereby the amount of required hardware is reduced, and simple design and structure of the apparatus reduce manufacturing cost.

Abstract: A channel code input and reproduction method and a channel code reproduction apparatus for inputting a channel code having a length of time which is proportional to a magnitude of a channel number. The channel code is reproduced by counting a rectangular wave signal which is generated to detect the length of the channel code. This provides a channel code input and reproduction apparatus of a frame switcher for accurately reproducing a channel code irrespective of a skew.

Abstract: A back-bias level sensor used for a semiconductor device wherein a sensing current for sensing a back-bias voltage is prevented from directly flowing into the substrate (or the back-bias voltage terminal). The gate of a PMOS transistor is provided with the back-bias voltage while the source is provided with a ground voltage, so that a pump circuit performs the pumping operation to increase the back-bias voltage when the back-bias voltage is lower than a predetermined voltage level; otherwise, the pump circuit is de-energized, thereby reducing the back-bias voltage.