Abstract: A deep brain stimulation apparatus according to the present disclosure includes: a stimulator for applying electrical stimulation to a brain; a light source for providing light to the brain; plasmonic nano-particles which, when the brain releases a neurotransmitter as a result of the electrical stimulation, come into contact with the neurotransmitter to enable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS); a photodetector which includes the plasmonic nano-particles and, when the light from the light source is scattered by the neurotransmitter which has come into contact with the plasmonic nano-particles, detects the scattered light; a signal processing analyzer for converting a light signal from the photodetector to an electric signal; and a controller for receiving an analysis signal from the signal processing analyzer to control the stimulator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing metallic lithium, and specifically a method for preparing lithium metal according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises: preparing lithium phosphate; preparinge a mixture by adding a chlorine compound to the lithium phosphate; heating the mixture; obtaining lithium chloride by reacting the lithium phosphate and the chloride compound in the mixture; producing molten lithium metal by electrolyzing the lithium chloride; and recovering the molten lithium metal is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparing carbonate according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a reactor in which carbonation gas reacts with a solution to be carbonated; a first nozzle located at one side of the reactor, and discharging the solution to be carbonated into the reactor, a second nozzle located adjacent to the first nozzle, and spraying the carbonation gas into the path through which the solution to be carbonated is discharged to form a mist composed of the solution to be carbonated and the carbonation gas, and a recovery unit located at a lower end of the reactor, and recovering a carbonate salt from the slurry formed in the reactor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a band assembly including a first outer connecting portion and a second outer connecting portion disposed to face each other, wherein the first outer connecting portion includes a first fastening hole and the second outer connecting portion includes a third fastening hole, an inner connecting portion disposed between the first outer connecting portion and the second outer connecting portion, wherein the inner connecting portion includes a second fastening hole that corresponds to the first fastening hole and the third fastening hole, and a rechargeable battery inserted into the first fastening hole, the second fastening hole, and the third fastening hole to connect the first outer connecting portion, the inner connecting portion, and the second outer connecting portion.

Abstract: A semiconductor package may include a first chip stack, a second chip stack, and a third chip stack. The third chip stack may include third semiconductor chips, the third chip stack coupled to both of the first and second chip stacks.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp is provided that includes a lamp unit and a shield unit that shields light from the lamp unit. A lens unit is disposed in front of the shield unit and the lamp unit is mounted on a heat radiation unit. The lamp unit includes a first and second lamp unit disposed on an upper and lower side, respectively. The first lamp unit includes a first light source section having spaced apart light sources and a first reflection section having reflectors reflecting light from each light source in a forward direction. The second lamp unit includes a second light source section having spaced apart light sources and a second reflection section having reflectors reflecting light from each light source in a forward direction. Each of the first and second light source sections includes a central light source and side light sources on sides of the central light source.

Abstract: A flexible secondary battery includes an electrode assembly, a first external cover that is located on a first surface of the electrode assembly, and a second external cover that is located on a second surface of the electrode assembly, the second external cover and the first external cover including a sealing portion where edges of the first external cover and the second external cover are attached to each other to seal the electrode assembly. At least one of the first external cover and the second external cover includes a stress-relief pattern in a center portion.

Abstract: A flexible rechargeable battery includes: a first conductive substrate; a second conductive substrate facing the first conductive substrate; and a sealant at edges of the first conductive substrate and the second conductive substrate. The first conductive substrate includes a first resin layer, a first barrier layer, a second resin layer, a first electrode current collector layer, and a first electrode coating layer that are sequentially stacked inward from a first side of the flexible rechargeable battery. The second conductive substrate includes a third resin layer, a second barrier layer, a fourth resin layer, a second electrode current collector layer, and a second electrode coating layer that are sequentially stacked inward from a second side of the flexible rechargeable battery.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus that writes encrypted data includes a first memory; a second memory configured to update encryption information including address information indicating a write location on the first memory and a parameter for use in encryption when data is encrypted and written to the first memory, and store the updated encryption information; an encryption and decryption unit configured to encrypt the data, based on the encryption information; and a processor configured to control the encrypted data to be written to the first memory, thereby increasing a safety level.

Abstract: A semiconductor package may include a first chip stack including first chips which are stacked on a package substrate. The semiconductor package may include a second chip stack including second chips which are stacked on the package substrate. The semiconductor package may include a third chip disposed on the first and second chip stacks.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for defending against an unauthorized modification of a program are disclosed. The apparatus for defending against an unauthorized modification of a program may include a first processor for executing the program, and a second processor that is physically separated from the first processor and for acquiring a first variable value defined in a data definition part. The second processor compares a second variable value used in a data use part with the first variable value when the part of the program being executed by the first processor is the data use part, it may be determine whether or not the program has been modified without authorization based on a result of the comparison.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a query input apparatus and method. The query input apparatus includes: an input unit providing a graphic user interface (GUI) to receive a schematized composite activity that a user wants to search from the user; and a processing unit generating a query using an activity descriptor corresponding to the schematized composite activity depending on a query request from an activity searching system and transferring the generated query to the activity searching system.

Abstract: A semiconductor package may include first chip stack including first chips which are stacked on a package substrate and offset to form a first reverse stepwise sidewall. The semiconductor package may include a second chip stack including second chips which are stacked on the package substrate and offset to form a second reverse stepwise sidewall. The first protrusion corner of the first chip stack may protrude toward the second chip stack.

Abstract: An LED driving apparatus group in which first and second LED groups are connected in series is provided. The apparatus includes a voltage input unit that receives an input voltage from a vehicle power device and a current controller that generates a current with a predetermined level by adjusting the received input voltage and provides the current to an input terminal of the first LED group. A first feedback path feeds back a voltage applied to a first node, which is connected to an output terminal of the first LED group, to an input terminal of the current controller. A first switching unit is disposed on the first feedback path and is switched on or off based on a control signal. A second switching unit is disposed between an output terminal of the second LED group and ground and is switched on or off based on the control signal.

Abstract: A battery includes a conductive substrate, the conductive substrate including a first resin layer, a barrier layer, a second resin layer, a first electrode current collector layer, and a first electrode coating layer that are sequentially stacked inward from an outermost side of the battery, an exterior member disposed to face the conductive substrate, a sealing portion formed at edges of the conductive substrate and the exterior member, and at least one second inner electrode positioned between the conductive substrate and the exterior member and stacked using a separator as a border.

Abstract: A semiconductor package may include a first chip stack including first chips which are stacked on a package substrate. The semiconductor package may include a second chip stack including second chips which are stacked on the package substrate. The semiconductor package may include a third chip disposed on the first and second chip stacks.

Abstract: An organic zinc catalyst having more uniform and fine particle size and showing more improved activity in a polymerization process for the preparation of a poly(alkylene carbonate) resin and a preparation method thereof, and a method of preparing a poly(alkylene carbonate) resin using the organic zinc catalyst, are provided. The preparation method of the organic zinc catalyst includes the steps of surface-treating a zinc precursor with a dispersant, and reacting the surface-treated zinc precursor with dicarboxylic acid to form a zinc dicarboxylate-based catalyst.

Abstract: A displaying method for a mobile device includes: displaying one of a plurality of virtually listed pages on a screen of the mobile device; receiving a scroll input on the displayed page; in response to the scroll input, inserting images, of execution screens of widgets corresponding to adjacent pages of the displayed page, into the adjacent pages. The plurality of pages may be sequentially displayed on the screen of the mobile device.

Abstract: A system for generating a multimedia knowledge base uses a multimedia information detection unit to detect texted meta information from multimedia data including at least one combination of a text, a voice, an image and a video and allows a knowledge base shaping unit to use the texted meta information and context information of the multimedia data to divide the multimedia data into syntactic information representing extrinsic configuration information and semantic information representing intrinsic meaning information and may shape the syntactic information and the semantic information into the multimedia knowledge.

Abstract: A memory system includes a memory controller, a memory cell array, a location information storage unit, an address mapping table, an address conversion unit, and a mapping information calculation unit. The memory controller generates a logical address signal and an address re-mapping command. The memory cell array includes a plurality of logic blocks. The location information storage unit stores location information corresponding to faulty memory cells included in the memory cell array. The address mapping table stores address mapping information. The address conversion unit converts the logical address signal to a physical address signal corresponding to the memory cell array based on the address mapping information. The mapping information calculation unit generates the address mapping information to reduce the number of logic blocks including the faulty memory cells based on the location information upon the mapping information calculation unit receiving the address re-mapping command.